Birds

 

Many bird species pass through or make their home at Cabrillo National Monument.. This is a California Gnatcatcher

NPS photo

Bird Watching at Point Loma and Cabrillo National Monument

Point Loma and Cabrillo National Monument are celebrated as some of the premier bird watching spots in San Diego. Bird enthusiasts will be delighted to know that the bird checklist for both the monument and Point Loma peninsula includes 346 species, with over 270 species spotted at Cabrillo National Monument alone.

Birding Highlights

• Pacific Flyway Stop: Migrant species use the peninsula as a resting place or when lost or disoriented during their migrations.
• Raptor Landmark: Raptors use Point Loma as a landmark during their migration peaks. Some, like the Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), reside here year-round.
• Rocky Shoreline Birds: The western side of Point Loma is the only place in San Diego where Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) are regularly seen. Brandt’s Cormorants (Phalacrocorax penicillatus) roost in large numbers on the cliffs.

Bird Identification

• By Sight: Birds can be identified by their unique physical characteristics such as beaks/bills, body shape, wings, tails, field marks, and behavior. To learn more about these features, refer to the Cabrillo Birding Guide.
• By Sound: Many songbird species have their own unique songs, making identification by sound a reliable method to differentiate species. Even birds that do not sing may have other distinctive vocalizations that can reveal their species. Use the list of common Cabrillo birds below to hear each species in action.

Bird Watching for Beginners

Bird watching is a hobby that anyone can enjoy, regardless of experience. If you're new to birding, check out our Comprehensive Bird Watching Guide for essential tips and techniques to get started. It covers everything from the history of bird watching to best practices and advanced techniques.

Whether you are an experienced birder or a novice, Cabrillo National Monument offers a rich and diverse birding experience. Happy bird watching!

 

Common Cabrillo Birds

Below is information about each bird species commonly found at Cabrillo National Monument. For more detailed information and bird calls, you can refer to resources such as Allaboutbirds.org and Audubon.org.

Names, photos and Identifications

Click the links to see a photo and more details

American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

• Identification: Large, all-black bird with a stout bill and fan-shaped tail.
• Behavior: Highly social and adaptable, often found in groups.
• Habitat: Open woodlands, fields, and urban areas.

Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna)

• Identification: Small bird with iridescent emerald feathers and a rose-pink throat.
• Behavior: Aggressive at feeders, known for their hovering flight.
• Habitat: Gardens, parks, and open woodlands.

Bewick's Wren (Thryomanes bewickii)

• Identification: Small wren with a long tail, white eyebrow stripe, and brownish coloration.
• Behavior: Forages actively, often seen flicking its tail sideways.
• Habitat: Thickets, scrub, and open woodlands.

Black Phoebe (Sayornis nigricans)

• Identification: Black bird with a white belly and distinctive tail-wagging behavior.
• Behavior: Perches conspicuously, sallying out to catch insects.
• Habitat: Near water, in open areas with scattered trees and shrubs.

Bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus)

• Identification: Tiny, round-bodied bird with a long tail and a plain face.
• Behavior: Travels in flocks, often seen hanging upside down while feeding.
• Habitat: Oak woodlands, chaparral, and gardens.

California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica)

• Identification: Small, gray bird with a black tail and white outer feathers.
• Behavior: Active and vocal, often seen flitting through coastal sage scrub.
• Habitat: Coastal sage scrub and chaparral.

California Quail (Callipepla californica)

• Identification: Plump bird with a forward-drooping head plume and scaled underparts.
• Behavior: Ground-dwelling, often seen in coveys.
• Habitat: Coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and open woodlands.

California Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma californica)

• Identification: Bright blue bird with a grayish back and white underparts.
• Behavior: Bold and inquisitive, often seen caching food.
• Habitat: Oak woodlands, scrub, and suburban areas.

California Towhee (Melozone crissalis)

• Identification: Large, brown sparrow with a long tail and a plain face.
• Behavior: Often seen foraging on the ground in pairs.
• Habitat: Chaparral, scrub, and suburban gardens.

California Thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum)

• Identification: Large songbird with a long, curved bill and a brownish body.
• Behavior: Secretive, often foraging in dense underbrush.
• Habitat: Chaparral and coastal sage scrub.

Common Raven (Corvus corax)

• Identification: Very large, all-black bird with a thick neck and a shaggy throat.
• Behavior: Intelligent and resourceful, often seen soaring or perched in high places.
• Habitat: Varied, including deserts, mountains, and coastal areas.

Great Egret (Ardea alba)

• Identification: Large white heron with a yellow bill and long black legs.
• Behavior: Stalks fish and other prey in shallow water.
• Habitat: Wetlands, marshes, and coastal areas.

House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus)

• Identification: Small bird with a conical bill, males have red heads and breasts.
• Behavior: Often seen in flocks, feeding on seeds and fruits.
• Habitat: Urban areas, parks, and open woodlands.

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

• Identification: Slim, long-tailed dove with a soft, mournful call.
• Behavior: Ground forager, often seen in pairs or small flocks.
• Habitat: Open fields, urban areas, and wooded edges.

Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)

• Identification: Gray bird with white wing patches and a long tail.
• Behavior: Known for its mimicking song and territorial displays.
• Habitat: Suburban areas, parks, and scrub.

Orange-crowned Warbler (Leiothlypis celata)

• Identification: Small, olive-green bird with a faint orange crown.
• Behavior: Active forager, often seen flicking its tail.
• Habitat: Chaparral, woodlands, and gardens.

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)

• Identification: Large raptor with a white head and underparts, dark eye stripe.
• Behavior: Feeds primarily on fish, often seen diving into water.
• Habitat: Near lakes, rivers, and coastal areas.

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

• Identification: Medium-sized raptor with a blue-gray back and a dark head.
• Behavior: Known for its high-speed dives to catch prey.
• Habitat: Cliffs, urban areas, and coastal regions.

Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)

• Identification: Large hawk with a reddish-brown tail and broad wings.
• Behavior: Soars high in the sky, often seen perched on poles or trees.
• Habitat: Open fields, deserts, and forests.

Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus)

• Identification: Large sparrow with a black head and back, white spots, and rufous sides.
• Behavior: Ground forager, often seen scratching in leaf litter.
• Habitat: Shrubby areas, woodlands, and gardens.

Western Gull (Larus occidentalis)

• Identification: Large gull with a white head and underparts, gray wings, and yellow bill.
• Behavior: Commonly seen near water, scavenging and foraging.
• Habitat: Coastal areas, beaches, and piers.

Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus)

• Identification: Large shorebird with a long, curved bill and striped head.
• Behavior: Forages in mudflats and along shorelines.
• Habitat: Coastal wetlands, beaches, and mudflats.

White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys)

• Identification: Small sparrow with a distinctive black and white striped head.
• Behavior: Ground forager, often seen in flocks.
• Habitat: Open fields, brushy areas, and gardens.

Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata)

• Identification: Small, brown bird with a long tail and a distinct song.
• Behavior: Often found in dense shrubs, skulking and foraging.
• Habitat: Coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and woodlands.

References:

• Allaboutbirds.org
• Audubon.org

 

A Comprehensive Guide to Bird Watching

Introduction to Bird Watching

Bird watching, or birding, is a popular hobby that involves observing birds in their natural habitats. It’s a great way to connect with nature, enjoy the outdoors, and learn about wildlife. This guide will cover the history of bird watching, essential techniques, best practices, and tips for beginners and seasoned birders alike.

History of Bird Watching

Bird watching has evolved from a casual pastime to a dedicated scientific pursuit over the centuries. Here’s a brief overview:

• Ancient Times: Early humans observed birds for practical reasons, such as hunting and understanding seasonal changes.
• 18th and 19th Centuries: The study of birds became more formalized with the advent of ornithology. John James Audubon, a notable figure, made significant contributions with his detailed illustrations and studies of North American birds.
• 20th Century: Bird watching gained popularity as a recreational activity. The invention of binoculars made it easier for enthusiasts to observe birds without disturbing them.
• Modern Era: Today, bird watching is a global hobby with millions of participants. Advances in technology, such as digital photography and mobile apps, have further enriched the experience.

Fun Facts and Historical Information

1. John James Audubon: Audubon, a Haitian-born American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter, is best known for his book "The Birds of America," which contains 435 life-size prints of North American birds. His work was revolutionary in its detail and accuracy.

2. The Great Backyard Bird Count: Started in 1998 by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology and the National Audubon Society, this annual event invites bird watchers of all ages to count birds and report their sightings online. It's a citizen science project that helps track the health of bird populations.

3. Bird Migration: One of the most awe-inspiring aspects of bird watching is observing bird migration. Some species travel thousands of miles between their breeding and wintering grounds. The Arctic Tern, for instance, migrates from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back each year, covering about 25,000 miles.

4. The Role of Birds in Culture: Birds have played significant roles in human culture and mythology. For example, the Bald Eagle is a national symbol of the United States, representing freedom and strength. In many cultures, birds are seen as messengers between the earthly and spiritual realms.

5. Bird Songs and Communication: Birds use a complex system of songs and calls to communicate. Each species has its own unique vocalizations, which can convey different messages such as attracting mates, defending territory, or signaling alarm.

6. The Discovery of Bird Banding: In the early 19th century, John James Audubon tied silver threads to the legs of Eastern Phoebes to track their return in the spring. This early form of bird banding paved the way for modern bird tagging and tracking methods.

7. Bird Intelligence: Birds are known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities. For example, crows and ravens are capable of using tools, recognizing human faces, and even playing games.

Essential Bird Watching Techniques

To get the most out of bird watching, it’s important to master a few basic techniques:

1. Using Binoculars: Proper use of binoculars is crucial. Adjust the eyepieces to fit your eyes and focus the central knob until the image is sharp.
2. Field Guides: A good field guide helps identify birds. Look for guides specific to your region, with clear images and detailed descriptions.
3. Observation Skills: Pay attention to key features such as size, shape, color, and behavior. Note the bird’s habitat and any distinctive sounds.
4. Field Notes: Keeping a journal of your observations helps track your sightings and improve identification skills over time.

Best Practices for Bird Watching

To ensure a successful and enjoyable bird watching experience, follow these best practices:

• Respect Wildlife: Always observe birds from a distance. Avoid disturbing their natural behaviors, especially during nesting season.
• Minimize Noise: Keep noise levels low to avoid scaring birds away. Whisper and move slowly.
• Dress Appropriately: Wear muted colors that blend with the environment. Comfortable clothing and sturdy footwear are essential.
• Plan Ahead: Research the best bird watching spots and the species you’re likely to encounter. Early morning and late afternoon are typically the best times for bird activity.
• Join a Community: Joining local bird watching groups or online forums can provide valuable tips and enhance your experience through shared knowledge.

Tips for Beginners

If you’re new to bird watching, here are some tips to get started:

1. Start Close to Home: Begin by observing birds in your backyard or local park.
2. Invest in Basic Equipment: A good pair of binoculars and a regional field guide are your primary tools.
3. Learn Common Birds First: Familiarize yourself with common species in your area before moving on to more challenging identifications.
4. Be Patient: Bird watching requires patience and practice. Enjoy the process of learning and discovery.
5. Use Apps and Technology: Mobile apps like eBird, Merlin, and Audubon Bird Guide can help with identification and recording sightings.

Advanced Bird Watching

For those looking to deepen their bird watching skills, consider these advanced techniques:

• Photography: Capturing images of birds can enhance the experience. Invest in a good camera with a telephoto lens.
• Recording Calls: Learning to identify birds by their calls and songs adds another layer of expertise.
• Travel: Explore new habitats and regions to see a wider variety of species. Bird watching tours and expeditions can be exciting opportunities.
• Conservation Efforts: Get involved in bird conservation projects and citizen science initiatives to contribute to the protection of bird populations.

Bird watching is a rewarding hobby that offers endless opportunities for learning and enjoyment. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced birder, there’s always something new to discover. By following this guide and embracing the principles of respect and curiosity, you’ll be well on your way to becoming a skilled bird watcher. Happy birding!