Native American Heritage

A young dancer from the Lake Erie Native American Council.

NPS / Ted Toth

About 500 generations of native people have made Cuyahoga Valley their home. The first were travelers, following large game across the subarctic landscape at the end of the last Ice Age. Later people lived in seasonal base camps that became more permanent in time. They hunted and gathered food from abundant forests and waterways. Meals were shared around cookfires. They practiced religious rituals along streambanks and on bluffs above the Cuyahoga. As conditions changed, they adapted. There were periods of trade when local flint was exchanged for exotic materials from distant places. There were periods of warfare which ultimately killed or displaced most native people from Ohio by the mid-1800s.

In the 1950s, a relocation program brought about 5,000 individuals from 33 western tribes to Cleveland. Those who live here now work together to preserve and celebrate their cultures.

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If you are in the park, we ask that you leave any archeological finds in place. It is illegal to disturb cultural sites or collect artifacts. Part of being a park that welcomes everyone is showing respect to all those who came before us.

Walking Tour

Over thousands of years, Native peoples left their mark on the Cuyahoga Valley. Explore some of their stories through interpretive wayside exhibits along the Towpath Trail. Download the NPS App to find this self-guided walking tour and other information about Cuyahoga Valley National Park.

Consulting Tribes

There are over 25 US federally recognized Tribes plus several Canadian First Nations associated with Cuyahoga Valley. This list includes the US Tribes that Cuyahoga Valley National Park has been consulting with. Please explore their websites to learn more about each one.

Delaware (Lenape/Lenni-Lenape)

• Delaware Nation
• Delaware Tribe of Indians

Ojibwe (Chippewa)

• Bad River Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
• Bay Mills Indian Community of Michigan
• Chippewa Cree Tribe of the Rocky Boy’s Reservation
• Keweenaw Bay Indian Community
• Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians
• Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians
• Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians
• Sokaogon Chippewa Community Wisconsin
• St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin
• Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa

Ottawa (Odawa)

• Little River Band of Ottawa Indians
• Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
• Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma

Potawatomi

• Citizen Potawatomi Nation
• Hannahville Indian Community Michigan
• Nottawaseppi Huron Band of the Potawatomi
• Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians
• Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation

Seneca-Cayuga

• Seneca-Cayuga Nation
• Seneca Nation of Indians
• Tonawanda Seneca Nation

Shawnee

• Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma
• Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
• The Shawnee Tribe

Wyandot/Wyandotte

• Wyandotte Nation