Park Science Magazine | Summer 2025

A hand holding a colorful, spotted fish

Yellow and white flowers on a green background

NPS / A. Armstrong

From the Editor

Water, Wildflowers, Fire

In this issue, we highlight the work of park and partner scientists who study rivers and other aquatic environments. You'll also find tales of hidden places and strange, wonderful creatures, and why the timing of wildflower blooms is so critical.

Podcasts

Misty scene of mountains over water with green vegetation in foreground

Graphic: NPS. Photo: NPS / Justin Radford

Places You Might Not Know About
A Landmark Program Celebrates a Milestone

Hear from program managers Heather Eggleston, Laurie Lee Jenkins, and Deb DiQuinzio how the National Natural Landmarks Program works to support cutting-edge science. Learn about the Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail and other amazing places. Hosted by Kass Bissmeyer and Sarah Sparhawk, this episode first aired in the summer 2022 issue of Park Science magazine as part of the retired "Park Science Celebrates!" podcast series (18 minutes).


The Research Roundup

Section of a diagram from the article, Perpetual "Moonlight” May Be Disrupting Animals’ Life Cycles

Seymoure and others. 2025. Global artificial light masks biologically important light cycles of animals.  Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment e2832.

Spring and Summer Papers

Here are some short reads spotlighting just a few of the many peer-reviewed journal papers that National Park Service scientists published in the first half of 2025.

Arctic Brown Bears Push Their Bodies to the Max
A new study reveals a delicate hibernation balancing act.

City Forest Managers: You Are Not Alone
Forests in different geographic areas face common challenges and opportunities.

Deadly Parasite Poses New Threat to Struggling Urban Owl Population
The first confirmed rat lungworm infections in Florida burrowing owls suggest more disease surveillance is in order.

Freshwater Mercury Exposure Risk Just Got Easier to Anticipate
Elevated mercury levels are hard to predict, but a new model based on data from across the U.S. is up to the task.

Molokaʻi Bird Trends Tell a Cautionary Tale
A study of population trends from 1979 to 2021 gives clues on how to secure the future of native Hawaiian birds.

Perpetual "Moonlight” May Be Disrupting Animals’ Life Cycles
Light pollution is increasing rapidly across the planet. This could harm many species that depend on natural light conditions.

Scientists Seek to Understand Deadly Virus Targeting Florida’s Freshwater Turtles
New research hints at how turtle fraservirus 1 is transmitted and how to limit its spread.

Some Tracking Device Attachments Can Harm Oystercatchers
Recent work shows the effects of attaching tracking devices to leg bands vs. harnesses.

U.S. Federal Forest Type Definitions Differ from Those in Scientific Discourse
Lack of alignment between how forest types are defined could make widespread acceptance of new definitions elusive.


In Brief

Section of cover photo for the Park Science article, New Research: Images of Rapids Can Help Measure River Flow

NPS / Mark Lellouch

Remote Sensing
New Research: Images of Rapids Can Help Measure River Flow

A new technique uses critical flow theory to estimate river discharge from Google Earth images. The results accurately match on-the-ground measurements.

By Brooke Bauman, Carl Legleiter, and Christy Leonard

White flower with deep pink interior on a background of green leaves

Courtesy of Jordon Tourville


Phenology
Spring Is Now Earlier on the Appalachian Trail, Study Reveals

A study of trees and wildflowers along the Appalachian National Scenic Trail used the largest crowd-sourced dataset of its kind. It showed that spring is arriving sooner, especially in places like New England. Flowering plants and pollinators may find it hard to catch up.

By Jordon Tourville

Small adult American eel in a small fish tank

NPS


Rivers and Streams
A Fish Study's Promising Results Highlight Parks' Role in Conservation

Protected areas don’t always achieve their conservation goals. Here’s one case where they do.

By Caleb J. Tzilkowski

Cave passage lined with cave formations follows the River Styx as it bends out of sight.

NPS / Sierra Heimel


Dye Tracing
Secrets of the River Styx: Tracking an Underground Waterway

America’s only congressionally designated wild and scenic underground river is notoriously hard to study. A team of scientists recently figured out a way.

By Sierra Heimel


Picture This

The stories behind extraordinary images and videos from the practice of park science

Two people carrying nets and beach debris, walking on a cobbled beach
Meeting the Challenge of Marine Debris

A study of marine debris on Kalaupapa’s coastline reveals what it is and where it came from. It’s an important step.

Three firefighters walk on a path with smoke in the background
Bringing Back Prescribed Fire

On hold since 2022, controlled burns have returned to Cape Cod National Seashore. Controlled burns reduce fuels and help protect resources.

Photo of monk seal mother and offspring on sand
Aiding Endangered Seals

On the Hawaiian island of Moloka‘i, a remote community helps monitor monk seals.


Perspectives

Five bears in a grassy field.

Photo courtesy of Chandler Hubbard

Visitors
The Celebrity Effect: How Famous Wildlife Can Lead to Risky Behavior

Wild animals who become internet sensations can be effective ambassadors for conservation. But they may also detract from broader management goals, like keeping visitors safe.

By Todd Cherry, Chandler Hubbard, and Lynne Lewis


Features

hands holding a colorful, spotted fish

NPS

Mimicking Nature
After Fire, Process-Based Restoration Creates Habitat for Native Fish

The Strawberry Fire devastated Bonneville cutthroat trout populations in a Great Basin stream. By mimicking nature, scientists are helping this ancient fish make a comeback. They’re also hoping to encourage beavers—those skilled ecosystem engineers—to return.

By Scott Shahverdian and Meg Horner

A translucent amphipod lies in water on a natural substrate

© William K. Jones. Used with permission.


Hidden Wonders
New Species of Eyeless Crustaceans Discovered Near Busy City Streets

We still know little about the myriad forms of life just below our feet, even in highly urban areas, and what we could learn from them.

By David C. Culver, Mikaila Milton, and Elizabeth Burch

Bright red bird with curved beak on deep green forest tree

NPS / Janice Wei


Race Against Time
How Moloka‘i’s Remarkable Forest Birds Lost Out to Invasive Species

Many of the wondrously unique native birds of the Hawaiian island of Moloka‘i are now extinct or extirpated. National Park Service scientists and partners are trying to help those that remain.

By Seth Judge

Photo of Atlantic Ocean beach breached by ocean water

NPS


Breached Beaches
Study of Macroinvertebrates Finds Emerging Resilience After Massive Coastal Breach

Seawater blasted through Duck Harbor beach dunes on Cape Cod in January 2021 and became a periodic part of the coastal landscape. The landscape is adapting.

By Kaitlyn Button


About This Issue

Last updated: August 29, 2025