As the British retreated northward from the Great Redoubt, beginning the evening of October 8, they faced a hard time indeed.
Cold October rains threatened hypothermia and turned dirt roads into quagmires. Haste forced the soldiers to leave behind many supplies, and even to leave their own sick and injured. Half-starved draft animals that collapsed along the way were killed and their carts or wagons burned.
Compelled to stop in the village of Saratoga (present-day Schuylerville, NY) by American militia troops who blocked their progress, they set up camp and were shortly after surrounded. They surrendered to the Americans on October 17, 1777.
The newest army in the world had defeated one of the oldest and toughest.
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