After World War II, the United States seemed poised at the edge of a limitless future, and its vision of progress was characterized by the sleek and the new. Urban renewal was seen as a way to clear out the slums, get rid of "obsolete" buildings, make space for an exploding population, and accommodate the burgeoning car culture. Wide swaths were demolished: entire blocks, neighborhoods, business districts, all razed to make way for the new. By the 1960s, urban renewal had altered the face of the nation's cities.
But out of this wholesale erasure of the old grew the most important law governing how we treat those places that define our past: the National Historic Preservation Act. It was the first national policy governing preservation and it would shape the fate of many of our historic and cultural sites over the next half-century. There had been earlier measures to foster preservation—the Antiquities Act of 1906 and the Historic Sites Act of 1935—but none were as sweeping or as influential as the National Historic Preservation Act.

Historic American Buildings Survey/Cervin Robinson

National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places
Reflecting on 50 Years of the NHPA
The National Historic Preservation Act turned 50 in 2016. The law is perhaps the nation's most important advocate for the past. Buildings and landscapes that serve as witnesses to our national narrative have been saved. The quality of life in our cities and towns has been improved by a greater appreciation—reflected in the law—of such intangible qualities as aesthetics, identity, and the legacy of the past.
In addition to recognizing what has been accomplished thanks to the National Historic Preservation Act, we would like to use the 50th anniversary as an opportunity to encourage you to embrace preservation and to use it to shape our quality of life in the future.
Last updated: December 2, 2018