Wildflower Phenology

Western Columbine (Aquilegia formosa)

NPS

Understanding Phenology

Phenology is the study of the timing of natural biological events and how they respond to seasonal changes. Examples of phenological events include activities like flowering, leafing, hibernation, migration, and reproduction. These events are triggered by environmental cues, such as temperature shifts or changes in precipitation, signaling organisms to move into a new seasonal phase.

Most of us are already familiar with common phenological changes. In the spring, for instance, warmer temperatures encourage dormant plants to bud, leaf, and bloom. In autumn, cooler temperatures cause deciduous trees to change color and shed their leaves, while animals may begin preparing for hibernation.

Why Study Wildflowers?

Studying wildflowers is crucial because many plants and animals have co-evolved, timing their life stages to align with each new seasonal phase. For example, pollinators and flowers often respond to the same environmental cues, ensuring that pollinators are available when flowers bloom, a relationship vital for both species' survival.

When environmental cues become unseasonable, it can disrupt these phenological events, creating a ripple effect throughout the ecosystem. If birds hatch earlier than their insect prey appears, or flowers bloom before pollinators emerge, essential relationships between species may be broken. By tracking the blooming of wildflowers annually, scientists can observe how these environmental shifts affect ecosystems, helping to protect sensitive species.

Become a Citizen Scientist

At Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve, visitors can contribute to this research by becoming Citizen Scientists. Using GPS-enabled devices, such as smartphones, participants can take photos of wildflowers and upload them to the Oregon Caves Wildflower Survey via the iNaturalist app. Tools on the website, along with assistance from park staff and an online community of naturalists, will help you identify the wildflowers and record the important phenological data.

By participating, you’ll be adding valuable information to the growing understanding of how seasonal shifts impact ecosystems.

 

Citizen Science Project

Help Study Wildflowers Get Involved Now!