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Hot Springs National Park colored print labeled 1888 Bath House Row, from Fountain St. to Reserve St. showing white plumes to show springs on the hillside
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Hot Springs National Park
History & Culture
 

Hot Springs National Park has a rich history. The park has prehistoric American Indian novaculite quarries. It was the destination of the Dunbar-Hunter Expedition sent by President Jefferson in 1804. A bustling town grew up around the hot springs to provide services for health seekers. Central to the American Spa was the bathing industry. The Public Health Service Clinic that was in conjunction with the Government Free Bathhouse was one of the first facilities in the United States to use penicillin.

A Brief History of Hot Springs National Park (Word document)
Bathhouse Row
Read about the role of African Americans in the bathing industry. These are excerpts from an interactive kiosk program at the park visitor center. You can purchase the entire program from the park's Eastern National store.
Civil War Connections for Hot Springs National Park

Below are some free resources you can download. They are in .pdf format unless otherwise noted. You need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to read them. 
-African Americans and the Hot Springs Baths
-American Indians at Hot Springs National Park
-Hot Springs National Park Through the Years: A Chronology of Events-Excerpts-36 pp, 407 kb
(The complete version is available through the Eastern National store)
-The Forgotten Expedition of Dunbar and Hunter
-The Oertel System of Graduated Exercise
-Whittington Park
-The Remarkable Therapy Machines of Dr. Gustav Zander

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copy of lithograph from a publication showing the valley of the hot springs with Hot Springs Creek on the right and two men in the foregroun

Did You Know?
Hot Springs Reservation, the first designation of Hot Springs National Park, was set aside by Congress in 1832. This makes Hot Springs National Park the oldest unit in the national park system, 40 years older than Yellowstone National Park.

Last Updated: January 28, 2011 at 10:33 MST