The extreme diversity in landscapes within Arizona creates complex biotic communities throughout the states. Changes that you can see within a couple hours drive. Overall, there are 25 native amphibians and 107 reptile species throughout the state.
Under-appreciated and sometimes feared, reptiles play an important role in the high-desert ecosystem. Lizards and snakes help control insect and rodent populations. In turn, both are potential meals for birds and mammals. All reptiles are cold-blooded or, more accurately, "ectothermic," regulating body temperature via external sources rather than internal metabolism. A reptile's metabolic rate is very slow, but so are its energy needs.
Due to Tuzigoot's proximity to Tavasci Marsh and the Verde River, we also have many species of frogs and toads found near the site. Perennial water sources can dramatically change the desert landscape, making ecosystems available that otherwise wouldn't exist.
Since keeping warm in the desert does not require much work, reptiles are well adapted to this environment. Of course, there are drawbacks to this lifestyle. Since they don't pant or sweat reptiles can't endure extremely high temperatures without shade, nor can they endure prolonged sub-zero temperatures. When it's cold, reptiles hibernate or enter into a state of torpor where they rest for most of the day during winter months. As with all other forms of wildlife, please remember to give animals their space, and do not try to pick them up or handle them in any way.
