Outdoor Activities

Quarai Ruins from Corral Trail

NPS Photo

Spanish Corral Trail

This path meanders through a varied forest ecosystem filled with pinyon pines, junipers, cottonwoods, willows, shrubs, and cacti. In the past, this region faced issues from timber cutting for firewood and alterations to the local stream's flow, which resulted in deforestation because of human dependence on these resources. Numerous native plants along the path were used for both food and medicine, with some producing fruit for fresh eating and drying for winter supplies. The nearby plants also supplied materials for making cordage for sandals, ropes, and clothing, while roots were turned into soap.

On the hill, there are architectural remains, primarily stone walls and a foundation known as the "Spanish Corral," indicating historical use, possibly as a sheep holding area during the 1800s, although archaeological research in this area is still limited. The arrival of sheep by Spanish Conquistadores in 1540 significantly impacted local culture. Initially brought for food during their journeys, sheep became a key source of wool, boosting economic activity with changing demand. The trade reached its highest profitability between 1821 and 1846, often managed by a select few individuals.

Looking east from the trail, you can see the Estancia Valley and the famous salt lakes that give the monument its name; salt has been an important trading good historically, with early accounts, like that of Don Juan de Onate, recognizing it as one of the major treasures of the New World. Additionally, the Quarai area is home to an impressive variety of over 100 bird species, thriving thanks to the plentiful water and food resources linked to the riparian ecosystem, with visitors encouraged to check out bird lists available at the visitor center.