SALINAS "In the Midst of a Loneliness": The Architectural History of the Salinas Missions

Cover

Table of Figures

Executive Summary

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1: Administrative Background

Chapter 2: The Setting of the Salinas Pueblos

Chapter 3: An Introduction to Spanish Colonial Construction Method

Chapter 4: Abó: The Construction of San Gregorio

Chapter 5: Quarai: The Construction of Purísima Concepción

Chapter 6: Las Humanas: San Isidro and San Buenaventura

Chapter 7: Daily Life in the Salinas Missions

Chapter 8: The Salinas Pueblos Abandoned and Reoccupied

Chapter 9: The Return to the Salinas Missions

Chapter 10: Archeology at the Salinas Missions

Chapter 11: The Stabilization of the Salinas Missions

Chapter 12: Recommendations

Notes

Bibliography

Index (omitted from on-line edition)

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Examination of Beam Sockets at Quarai

Appendix 2: Seventeenth Century Mission Church Roof Beams

Appendix 3: The Names of the Churches at Gran Quivira

Appendix 4: The Extent of Construction of San Buenaventura

Appendix 5: The Patio Kivas of Abó and Quarai

Figure 1 The Salinas Basin

Figure 2 Plan of the pueblo and mission of Abó in the period from 1622 to 1673

Figure 3 The plan of the mission of Abó about 1630, as it was originally built

Figure 4 The plan of the mission of Abó after its first reconstruction about 1652

Figure 5 The sanctuary area and altars of the church at Hawikuh, burned out in 1672

Figure 6 The upper level of Abó about 1652

Figure 7 Hypothetical section down the nave of the church of San Gregorio de Abó as completed about 1652

Figure 8 Plan of the second reconstruction of Abó, about 1658

Figure 9 Elevation of the east side of the church of Abó about 1670

Figure 10 Elevation of the front, or south side of the church of Abó about 1670

Figure 11 Plan of the last changes to Abó about 1670

Figure 12 Plan of the pueblo and mission of Quarai about 1632

Figure 13 The mission of Nuestra Señora de Purísima Concepción de Quarai about 1632

Figure 14 Elevation of the facade or south side of the church and convento of Quarai about 1632

Figure 15 Section down the nave of the church of Quarai about 1632, just after completion

Figure 16 Section down the east side of the church of Quarai about 1660

Figure 17 Plan of the mission of Quarai about 1670

Figure 18 Plan of the pueblo and missions of Las Humanas

Figure 19 The first convento and churches of Las Humanas about 1635

Figure 20 Plan of San Buenaventura and its convento

Figure 21 Section across the nave of San Buenaventura at its maximum height

Figure 22 Section down the nave of San Buenaventura at its maximum height

Figure 23 The pueblo of Abó about 1882, at the time of Bandelier's visit

Figure 24 Abó as painted by Abert in 1846

Figure 25 Abó in 1882 as photographed by Bandelier

Figure 26 Abó as seen by Charles Lummis in 1890

Figure 27 A second view of Abó in 1890

Figure 28 Abó from the northwest in 1916, by Jesse L. Nusbaum

Figure 29 Abó in about 1916

Figure 30 The pueblo of Quarai about 1830

Figure 31 Changes to the convento of Quarai after the reoccupation during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries

Figure 32 Quarai as painted by Abert on Wednesday, November 4, 1846

Figure 33 Quarai on December 28, 1882, as photographed by Bandelier

Figure 34 Quarai as photographed by Charles Lummis in 1890

Figure 35 Quarai from the north in 1890

Figure 36 The interior of the church of Quarai in 1890

Figure 37 Quarai about 1900

Figure 38 San Buenaventura in 1877, as sketched by Morrison

Figure 39 San Buenaventura in 1883, as photographed by Bandelier

Figure 40 The interior of the church of San Buenaventura as Bandelier saw it in January, 1883

Figure 41 San Buenaventura from the south in 1890, as photographed by Charles Lummis

Figure 42 The interior of the church of San Buenaventura in 1890

Figure 43 The doorway into the sacristy of San Buenaventura in 1890

Figure 44 The lintel over the entrance to the church of San Buenaventura in ca. 1890

Figure 45 A beam from San Buenaventura

Figure 46 The north portion of the convento of San Buenaventura about 1900

Figure 47 The Marcos Luna house at Abó

Figure 48 Stabilization and excavation of Abó by Joseph Toulouse, 1938

Figure 49 The first church of San Gregorio de Abó

Figure 50 Quarai on August 26, 1913

Figure 51 The area of the sacristy of Quarai in 1913

Figure 52 Excavations in the church of Quarai, first week of August, 1934

Figure 53 Removing the fill from the nave of Quarai, first week of August, 1934

Figure 54 The west transept and apse of the church of Quarai in the fall of 1937

Figure 55 The pueblo of Quarai west of the church in 1940

Figure 56 San Buenaventura about 1920, taken from almost the same spot as Bandelier's photograph in 1883

Figure 57 Excavation of the convento of San Buenaventura

Figure 58 Abó in 1939

Figure 59 Abó as it appears today

Figure 60 The nave of the church of Quarai in the fall of 1937

Figure 61 Quarai during the stabilization by Wesley Hurt, October, 1939

Figure 62 Quarai in 1956, and generally as it appears today

Figure 63 San Buenaventura in the 1940s