Jefferson National Expansion Administrative History

¹Jefferson National Expansion Memorial Administrative History, 1935-1980, Sharon A. Brown, JEFF, 1984, p. 121.

²City Ordinance 50096 (B.B. No. 100), Memorandum of understanding between the Park Service and the City of St. Louis, copy in the JEFF Library Vertical file, VF-JNE-117.

³A copy of the Environmental Assessment Report on the Proposed Gateway Arch Parking Garage may be found in the Office of the Superintendent, unprocessed records, JNEM Archives.

⁴See the agreement dated November 1, 1983, for the creation of the Gateway Arch parking facility, which includes a detailed explanation of the 1956 and 1962 agreements between Bi-State Development Agency and Jefferson National Expansion Memorial; copy JEFF Historian's Files.

⁵Interview with former Superintendent Jerry Schober, May 8, 1992, conducted by JEFF Historian Bob Moore.

⁶Memo from Superintendent Jerry Schober to Albert V. Witham, Assistant Regional Solicitor, Denver, May 8, 1980, regarding the cooperative agreement of March 1, 1956, between the city and JEFF to build a parking garage. The city wanted to build the garage by selling $12 million worth of revenue bonds. Since the bonds would not be backed up, bonding companies wouldn't sell. See file 79-89-0003, Box 4 D18, Federal Records Center, Kansas City, Missouri.

⁷Interview with former Superintendent Jerry Schober, May 8, 1992; Memo from Superintendent Jerry Schober to Albert V. Witham, Assistant Regional Solicitor, Denver, May 8, 1980. The memo asks if Bi-State can provide back-up bonds, guaranteed by the tram operation. File 79-89-0003, Box 4 D18, Federal Records Center.

⁸"Bi-State is handling the financing of the garage because of an opinion by Charles & Trauernicht, the city's bond counsel, that the city could not issue revenue bonds with an interest rate of more than 10 percent. Bi-State can issue bonds with a rate of up to 14 percent, making the bonds more attractive to investors." See "Action Is Urged On Bonds For Parking Garage At Arch," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, August 12, 1982. See also "Riverfront Promenade, garage near Arch step closer to reality," St. Louis Globe-Democrat, November 18, 1982; "Plan for Bi-State garage clears aldermanic committee," St. Louis Globe-Democrat, December 9, 1982; "Bi-State Board Approves Bonds To Build Parking Garage At Arch," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 18, 1983. Copies of newspaper sources referenced may be found in the Newspaper Clipping Files, JNEM Archives.

⁹See the agreement dated November 1, 1983, for the creation of the Gateway Arch parking facility, File D3415, JEFF Files; and Semiannual Report to Congress, January 1, 1986 - June 30, 1986, JEFF Files, D18.

¹⁰St. Louis Post-Dispatch, November 18, 1982; March 2, 1983, March 11, 1983, and March 28, 1983.

¹¹Director of Business Development for Bi-State Development Agency.

¹²Telephone interview with Jennifer Nixon, September 12, 1993.

¹³"Preliminary Notes on Arch Parking Facility, February 16, 1984," located in File D18, Planning Programs, JEFF Files.

¹⁴Memo, Supervisory Archeologist Mark J. Lynott, Midwest Archeological Center, to Regional Director, Midwest Regional Office, February 23, 1984, in File D3415, JEFF Files. The file also includes the vitae of Christy Wells, Joyce Williams, and Mikels Skele, who worked with Woods on the project. See also the transcript of the oral history interview with former Superintendent Jerry Schober, May 8, 1992, JEFF library.

¹⁵Christy L. Wells and Joyce A. Williams, A Report of Archeological Monitoring of Parking Facility Construction at JNEM, 1985, pp. 1 and 61-62; see also Archeological monitoring reports #1, #2, #3 and #4, and "Preliminary Notes on Arch Parking Facility, February 16, 1984," located in File D18, Planning Programs, JEFF Files; and archeological reports, File D3415, JEFF Files.

¹⁶Interview with former JEFF Superintendent Jerry Schober, May 8, 1992.

¹⁷See Wells and Williams, Archeological Monitoring of Parking Facility Construction at JNEM for details on the archeological remains found on site; File D3415, JEFF Files.

¹⁸"The conclusion reached on the basis of the literature review, observations made in the field, and the analysis of materials is that post-1849 urban renewal had destroyed any earlier structures present above grade elevation prior to commencement of excavation for construction of the parking facility." See A Report of Archaeological Monitoring of Parking Facility Construction at the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial National Historic Site, National Park Service, St. Louis, Missouri by Christy L. Wells and Joyce A. Williams, March 1985, pp. 61-62.

¹⁹Telephone interview with Jennifer Nixon, September 12, 1993.

²⁰Letter, Jennifer Nixon, Director of Business Development, Bi-State Development Agency, to Superintendent Jerry Schober, February 26, 1986, File SF 5415, JEFF Files.

²¹Interview with Superintendent Jerry Schober by JEFF Historian Mike Capps, April 11, 1991.

²²Letter from Jennifer Nixon, Bi-State Development Agency, to Superintendent Jerry Schober, February 26, 1986, JEFF File SF 5415.

²³Interviews with former Superintendent Jerry Schober, April 11, 1991, and May 8, 1992.

²⁴Ibid.

²⁵Interview with Jerry Schober, April 11, 1991; JNEM Superintendent's Annual Report for 1987, located in File A2621, JEFF Files.

²⁶JEFF Superintendent's Annual Report for 1987, p. 1. All Superintendent's Annual Reports may be found in file JEFF File A2621.

²⁷See the Memorandum, Superintendent Jerry Schober to all employees, JEFF, April 28, 1986, JEFF File D18.

²⁸St. Louis Globe-Democrat, May 9, 1986; St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 9, 1986.

²⁹Interview with former Superintendent Jerry Schober, May 8, 1992. For more on the administration and protection of the Arch Parking Garage, see Chapter 10, Law Enforcement and Safety, in this administrative history.