Cowpens Administrative History

¹A History of Spartanburg County, 33-42, 54-56, 66-81, 130, 171; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 1-3, 13-14, 153-158. The South Carolina Manufacturing Co. closed its operations soon after the Civil War ended.

² The Washington Light Infantry: A Volunteer Corps of Citizen Soldiers Serving City, State and Nation, undated brochure, Washington Light Infantry Monument Vertical File, Cowpens Park Archives, Cowpens National Battlefield Visitor Center, Chesnee, South Carolina, hereinafter cited as COWP; Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument, souvenir program, COWP; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 163.

³ Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 163-167; A History of Spartanburg County, 106-107; Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument, COWP.

⁴ Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 13-14, 167-168; Deed of Conveyance, James H. Ezell to G.W.H. Legg, July 9, 1856, Cowpens Files, Kings Mountain National Military Park Headquarters, South Carolina, hereinafter cited as KIMO.

⁵ A History of Spartanburg County, 125-126.

⁶ Ronald F. Lee, The Origin and Evolution of the National Military Park Idea (Washington: National Park Service, 1973), 7-12; Dumas Malone, editor, Dictionary of American Biography, Volume XI (New York: Scribner's Sons, 1946), 421-422. Besides Yorktown and Cowpens, Congress funded monuments at Bennington, Groton, Monmouth, Newburg, Oriskany, and Saratoga. A number of bills for other battlefield monuments failed.

⁷ A History of Spartanburg County, 206-207; Charleston News and Courier, January 19, 1880, January 23, 1880, Cowpens Centennial Vertical File, COWP. The thirteen members of the Cowpens Centennial Committee were J.C. Anderson, W.D. Blake, George D. Bryan, William A. Courtenay, George B. Edwards, T. Stobo Farrow, H.E. Heinitsh, J. Lamb Johnston, J.B.O. Landrum, Alexander M. Marshall, Charles Petty, S.S. Ross, and W. Lucas Simons.

⁸ Edmund B. Rogers, compiler, History of Legislation Relating to The National Park System Through the 82d Congress (Washington: National Park Service, 1958), Part I, 1; U.S. Congress, Senate, Military Affairs Committee, Senate Resolution 84, 46^th Congress, 2d Session, reprinted in Rogers; A History of Spartanburg County, 206-207; Charleston News and Courier, May 19, 1880, May 22, 1880, June 15, 1880, August 20, 1880, September 23, 1880, Cowpens Centennial Vertical File, COWP.

⁹ A History of Spartanburg County, 206-207; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 168-169.

¹⁰ A History of Spartanburg County, 206-207; Charleston News and Courier, October 5, 1880, October 11, 1880, February 9, 1881, Cowpens Centennial Vertical File, COWP; Cowpens Centennial Committee, monument unveiling invitation, Cowpens Files, KIMO. Reports of the crowd's size are probably over-estimated.

¹¹ A History of Spartanburg County, 206-207.

¹² Ibid., 104, 217-218, 275-278; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 153-158; Lewis Jones, Chesnee, manuscript dated May 18, 1991, COWP.

¹³ Lee, Origin and Evolution, 12-13; Ronald F. Lee, Family Tree of the National Park System: A Chart with Accompanying Text Designed to Illustrate the Growth of the National Park System, 1872-1972 (Philadelphia: Eastern National Parks and Monument Association, 1972), 27-30.

¹⁴ Rogers, Part I, 1-5; Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1950), 1157, 1864, 2030; Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument, COWP; "Daniel Morgan NSDAR celebrates 75-year membership of Edith Fort Wolfe," Gaffney Ledger, February 14, 1992, Newspaper Clipping Files, COWP.

¹⁵ Rogers, Part I, 1-5; U.S. Congress, House Military Affairs Committee, House Resolution Report Number 669, 69^th Congress, 1^st Session, reprinted in Rogers; Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1551.

¹⁶ U.S. Congress, House Military Affairs Committee, Report Number 669, 69 ^th Congress, 1^st Session, reprinted in Rogers.

¹⁷ Rogers, Part I, 1-5; U.S. Congress, House Military Affairs Committee, House Resolution Report Number 669, 69^th Congress, 1^st Session, reprinted in Rogers; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 80-84.

¹⁸ Lee, Origin and Evolution, 38-51; Lee, Family Tree, 27-30.

¹⁹ Lee, Origin and Evolution, 46-50; Lee, Family Tree, 27-30; U.S. Congress, Senate, 70^th Congress, 2^nd Session, Senate Document Number 187, Study of Battle Fields in the United States for Commemorative Purposes (1928), 1-4, reprinted in Rogers.

²⁰ Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 80-84, 169-170; Study of Battle Fields, 6.

²¹ Rogers, Part I, 5; U.S. Congress, House, House Resolution 12106, 70^th Congress, 2d Session, reprinted in Rogers; U.S. Congress, House Military Affairs Committee, Report Number 1584, 70^th Congress, 2d Session, reprinted in Rogers; U.S. Congress, Senate Military Affairs Committee, Report Number 1903, 70^th Congress, 2d Session, reprinted in Rogers.

²² Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 16-17; Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument, COWP; Mary Jefferies, typed remarks from U.S. Monument dedication, U.S. Monument Vertical File, COWP; Colonel Wardlaw, typed remarks from U.S. Monument dedication, U.S. Monument Vertical File, COWP; Frances Gale, Cowpens National Battlefield: Inspection of Conditions of U.S. Monument and Washington Light Infantry Monument (Kansas City, Kansas: Masonry Stabilization Services Corporation, 1992), 2; "'Friends of the Cowpens' set next meeting Aug. 25," Gaffney Ledger, August 24, 1994, Newspaper Clipping Files, COWP.

²³ Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument, COWP; notes attached to Unveiling of the Cowpens Battleground Monument concerning Gaffney Ledger articles, April 21, 1932, and June 14, 1932, COWP.

²⁴ Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 169-171; Cherokee County, South Carolina, Deed Book 2F, 396, Washington Light Infantry to Daughters of the American Revolution, 1928, copy in Cowpens Files, KIMO.

²⁵ Lee, Family Tree, 21; Gregory De Van Massey, An Administrative History of Kings Mountain National Military Park (National Park Service, 1985), 83-100.

²⁶ Massey, 13-63, 83-100.

²⁷ Ibid., 84-86; Kings Mountain Superintendent's Monthly Reports, December 1937-October 1963, KIMO; Superintendent, Kings Mountain and Cowpens, to Regional Director, Southeast Region, May 1, 1967, Organizational Chart and Functional Statement, KIMO.

²⁸ Massey, 83-100.

²⁹ The Master Plan, Cowpens National Battlefield Site, 1937-1940, four sheets, Map NBS-COW 2050, Drawing Collection, KIMO; Roads and Trails System Plan, Cowpens National Battlefield Site, 1951, Map NBS-COW 2000, Drawing Collection, KIMO; Monthly Reports, November 1945, July-August 1946, August 1947, October 1949, May 1950, September 1950, November-December 1950, March 1951, July 1951, September 1951-November 1951, January-April 1952, August-September 1952, January 1954, October 1954, December 1954, October 1955, February 1956; Bearss, Historic Grounds and Resource Study, 119-120, 148-150; Massey, 87.

³⁰ Barry Mackintosh, The National Parks: Shaping the System (Washington: National Park Service, 1991), 62.

³¹ Mission 66 for Cowpens National Battlefield Site (National Park Service, 1955), 1-4, COWP; Master Plan for the Preservation and Use of Cowpens National Battlefield Site, Mission 66 Edition (National Park Service, 1961-1964), Volume I, Chapter 2, Visitor Use Brief, 2, Volume I, Chapter 4, Park Operations Outlines, 2, Volume III, Section E, Protection, 2; Monthly Reports, July 1955, October 1956, March 1957, April-October 1958, March-May 1959, October 1959, May 1960; Planting Plan, Monument Area, Cowpens National Battlefield Site, 1959, Map NBS-COW 3003B, Drawing Collection, KIMO; General Development Plan, 1966, Map NBS-COW 3004, Drawing Collection, KIMO; Massey, 88-89.

³² Monthly Report, April 1959.

³³ Monthly Report, June 1959.