Inventory and Monitoring at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park

Nēnē with native naupaka kahakai berry in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park.

NPS Photo/Janice Wei

The steaming Kīlauea Caldera lies at the heart of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, and although this sacred feature draws many visitors, the living wonders that the park encompasses are equally significant.

The largest national park in the U.S. Pacific islands extends from sea-level to the summit of Mauna Loa at 13,677 feet. Within the park are rainforests teeming with native birds and rare plants, montane and dry woodlands that are home to culturally important species, and a dynamic coastline.

Hawaiian plants and animals began to evolve over 70 million years ago in nearly complete isolation. Over 90% of the native terrestrial flora and fauna in Hawaiʻi are found only in the Hawaiian islands. This level of endemism surpasses all other places on Earth, and the park is a living laboratory for studying biogeography and evolution within the Pacific islands.

What's Monitored Here

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  Climate

  Climate is widely recognized as a major driver for both terrestrial and marine ecosystems

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  Climate

  Climate is widely recognized as a major driver for both terrestrial and marine ecosystems

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  Landbirds

  On Pacific islands, birds pollinate the majority of woody plant species and disperse their seeds

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  Focal Terrestrial Plant Communities

  Long-term vegetation monitoring helps us determine plant community health, ecosystem stability, and the effectiveness of management

Discover the Birds in the Park

• Crater Rim Drive
• Mauna Loa Road
• Native Forest Bird List