Superintendent's Compendium

 

In accordance with applicable law and policy, and pursuant to the delegated authorities provided in Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter I (“36 CFR”), the following compendium actions apply to all lands and waters administered by the National Park Service (NPS) within the boundaries of Great Basin National Park. This document is the written compilation of designations, closures, permit requirements and other restrictions imposed under the discretionary authority of the Superintendent, as required by 36 CFR 1.7(b). Violating any provision in this Compendium may result in criminal penalties under 36 CFR 1.3.

The compendium actions in this document apply in addition to all other laws that apply to lands and waters administered by the NPS within the boundaries of Happy Place National Park. These include:

• Regulations in 36 CFR and other CFR titles such as Title 43, which contains regulations that apply on public lands administered by the Department of the Interior. The current version of the CFR can be found at www.ecfr.gov. Click on “Title 36” and then “Chapter 1” to access 36 CFR.

• Statutes codified in U.S. Code, in particular provisions in Titles 16 and 54.

This Compendium is organized by the sections in 36 CFR that give the Superintendent discretionary authority to take the compendium action. Written determinations that explain why each compendium action is necessary appear in this document in italicized print.Please contact e-mail us if you have any questions or comments about the Superintendent’s Compendium.NPS regulations in 36 CFR 1.4 define certain terms that are used in 36 CFR. Other sections in 36 CFR may define terms that are used in those sections. To the extent any terms defined in the CFR are used in this Compendium, those definitions apply. Contents:

§1.5 Visiting Hours, Use Limits, Closures pg.2	§2.21 Smoking pg.15
§1.6 Activities That Require a Permit pg.6	§2.22 Property pg.16
§2.1 Preservation of Resources pg.7	§2.23 Recreation Fees pg.16
§2.2 Wildlife Protection pg.7	§2.35 Alcoholic Beverages pg.16
§2.10 Camping and Food Storage pg.8	§2.51 Demonstrations pg.17
§2.13 Fires pg.11	§2.52 Distribution of Printed Material pg.17

36 CFR §1.5 - CLOSURES AND PUBLIC USE LIMITS

36 CFR §1.5(a)(1) – VISITING HOURS, PUBLIC USE LIMITS, AND CLOSURES

Visiting Hours:

• Visiting hours, days, and dates of operation fro park visitor centers and Lehman Caves are posted on the park's website (www.nps.gov/grba)

Dates, days, and hours of operation of visitor centers and Lehman Caves are established to maximize the public benefit based on visitation levels and anticipated funding, stafing levels and construction projects. Dates, days, and hours established also take into consideration staff and visitor safety.

Public Use Limits

• A Special Use Permit is required for all non-National Park Service events involving groups of more than 25 people or 8 vehicles, except for the Upper Lehman Creek Picnic Area, which requires a permit for groups exceeding 50 people or 20 vehicles.

Determination (36 CFR §1.5(c)): Groups of excessive size will not leave enough parking spaces and diminishes infastructure and personnel capacity for other visitors.. Excessively large groups have the potential to disrupt the reflective nature of the visitor experience and diminish visitor understanding and appreciation. Review required for decision regarding a Special Use Permit application can consider seasonal, time of week, and time of day visitation patterns to avoid exceeding park’s infrastructure and personnel capacity.

Closures

• Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive and Baker Creek Road, Strawberry Creek, and Snake Creek Canyon are closed to public vehicular traffic beyond the locked gates during winter months.

These closures are generally in effect during the winter months from late November through April. Closing and opening dates will be posted on the park website at www.nps.gov/grba. These roads are closed due to snow and ice accumulations and/or muddy conditions. There is no winter maintenance on these roads to keep them passable to and safe for vehicular traffic. Trash collection services, water and other visitor services are not available along these road corridors during winter months. Unlimited vehicular access on an unmaintained dirt road during winter months can adversely affect the condition of the road surface, damaging it, and increasing both the time and cost needed to recondition the road in the spring.

• Wheeler Peak Campground, Upper Lehman Creek Campground, Baker Creek Campground, Grey Cliffs Campground, and the eastern loop of Lower Lehman Creek Campground are closed to public vehicular traffic and overnight camping beyond the locked gates during winter months.

These closures are generally in effect during the winter months from late November through April. Closing and opening dates will be posted on the park website at www.nps.gov/grba. These campgrounds are closed due to snow and ice accumulations and/or muddy conditions. Closures also take into consideration public benefit based on visitation levels and anticipated funding, staffing levels, construction projects, and visitor and staff health and safety.
There is no winter maintenance on campground roads in the listed areas to keep them passable to and safe for vehicular traffic. Trash collection services, bathroom maintenance, water and other visitor services are not available in these campgrounds during winter months. Unlimited vehicular access on an unmaintained dirt road during winter months can adversely affect the condition of the road surface, damaging it, and increasing both the time and cost needed to recondition the road in the spring.

• It is prohibited to enter into any area designated as being closed to the public. These areas include but are not limited to park water tanks and treatment facilities, sewage treatment facilities, construction or storage areas, collection areas for public water systems, all roads leading into government housing areas, and service roads.

These closures are in place in order to protect government equipment, to protect the public water supply, and to protect the public from hazards. Roadways leading to government housing areas are closed as they are narrow and not designed for heavy traffic. Limiting traffic is in these areas provides park residents with privacy and maintains a residential like area. It also provides a safer environment for residents’ children who might be playing in the area.

36 CFR 1.5(a)(2) – DESIGNATED AREAS, CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS ON A USE OR ACTIVITY

• All caves located within Great Basin National Park are closed to access without a cave permit.
• Entry into Lehman Caves is controlled under the existing permit system, administered at the Lehman Caves Visitor Center. Visitors to Lehman Caves are required to undergo decontamination if they have entered another cave or underground mine since May 1^st, 2010. Visitors to Lehman Caves are required to abide by all instructions provided by tour guides as part of their permit. Entry is controlled under existing permit system for other caves within the Park.
• Little Muddy Cave is closed from April 1^st to October 1^st

Closure of caves within Great Basin National Park is required to protect sensitive resources in those caves and to assist in preventing the spread of White Nose Syndrome (WNS) in native bat populations. Decontamination requirements are in place to prevent the introduction of WNS. The Little Muddy Cave closure dates are because atmospheric testing has shown that the oxygen level during that period is below the safe allowable limit. The safe oxygen limit of 19.5% is an established OSHA standard for respiratory protection and safety (29 CFR §1910.134)

• Launching, landing, or operating an uncrewed aircraft from or on lands and waters administered by the National Park Service within the boundaries of Great Basin National Park is prohibited except as approved in writing by the superintendent.

Solitude and scenic values have been identified as fundamental resources and values of Great Basin National Park in the park’s foundation document. Uncrewed aircraft produce unreasonable noise and impacts to the view shed which are incompatible with these fundamental resources and values. Uncrewed Aircraft are defined as: A device that is used or intended to be used for flight without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the device, and the associated operational elements and components that are required for the pilot or system operator in command to operate or control the device (such as cameras, sensors, communication links). This term includes all types of devices that meet this definition (e.g., model airplanes, quadcopters, and drones) that are used for any purpose, including for recreation or commerce.

• The operation of off-road vehicles, commonly known as All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) or Off Highway Vehicles (OHVs), is prohibited within Great Basin National Park. “Off road motor vehicle” is defined by Executive Order Number 11644 (37 Federal Register 2887.)

The superintendent has determined that the use of off-road motor vehicles within the park is inconsistent with the mission of the park and other visitor pursuits and is further prohibited to protect the fragile resources of the park and ensure visitor safety. This closure does not apply to administrative use for the purposes of fire control, search and rescue, law enforcement operations, resource management activities, and maintenance when approved by the superintendent.

• Filming, still photography, and audio recording activity may require a permit, consistent with 54 U.S.C 100905.
  • Filming, still photography, and audio recording activity that occurs in closed areas, requires exclusive use of a site or area, or involves a set or staging equipment other than handheld equipment (such as a tripod, monopod, and handheld lighting equipment) requires a permit, unless the activity is affiliated with an activity or event that has been allowed under a written authorization, such as a special use permit.
  • Filming, still photography, and audio recording that involves more than eight individuals requires a permit, unless the NPS has specifically notified an individual or group that a permit is not required, or if the activity is affiliated with an activity or event that has been allowed under a written authorization, such as a special use permit.
  • If a permit is required for the reasons stated above, or if the NPS otherwise determines and then notifies an individual or group that a permit is required for a filming, still photography, or audio recording activity, then engaging in that activity without a permit is prohibited. Violating a term or condition of a permit issued by the NPS for a filming, still photography, or audio recording activity is prohibited, and may result in the suspension or revocation of the permit, in addition to any penalties that may apply under 36 CFR 1.3.

Federal law at 54 U.S.C. 100905 states that permits and fees are not required for filming, still photography, or audio recording in park areas if certain requirements are met. These requirements address various topics, including, but not limited to, group size, location, equipment, potential impacts to resources and visitors, and the likelihood that the NPS will incur related administrative costs. If any of these requirements are not met, the law allows the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the NPS, to require a permit for the subject activity. Permit requirements are imposed by the superintendent under discretionary authority provided by 36 CFR 1.5(a)(2), which allows the superintendent to impose conditions or restrictions on a use or activity, consistent with applicable legislation, to implement management responsibilities. The general regulations for permits in 36 CFR 1.6 do not apply to permits issued for filming, still photography, and audio recording, which instead are governed by the statutory provisions in 54 U.S.C. 100905. The imposition of permit requirements, on a case-by-case basis, for filming, still photography, or audio recording does not require rulemaking under 36 CFR 1.5(b). Requiring a permit with reasonable terms and conditions in accordance with statutory requirements at 54 U.S.C. 100905 is not highly controversial, will not result in a significant alteration in the public use pattern of the System unit, will not adversely affect the System unit’s natural, aesthetic, scenic or cultural values, or require a long-term or significant modification in the resource management objectives of the System unit, because the permit requirement is limited in time and scope to the specific activities authorized by the permit, which contain terms and conditions that protect the values, resources, and visitors of the System unit, and implements federal law.

• It is prohibited to burn, gather, or possess any Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) wood within or from the park.

Ancient Bristlecones pine trees are located throughout the park. They serve as important scientific tools, especially in paleo-climatological studies. Since the age of a piece of Bristlecone pine wood cannot be determined without scientific study, all wood must be protected in order to protect potentially important specimens.

• It is prohibited to climb on or hang from Bristlecone Pine trees.

Ancient Bristlecone pine trees are located throughout the park. Since the age of a Bristlecone pine tree cannot be determined without scientific study, all trees must be protected in order to protect potentially important specimens, and the public.

• It is prohibited to construct fire rings anywhere within the park.

Designated fire rings have been provided in areas where it is safe to have a fire. Constructed fire rings cause unsightly distractions to natural resources and encourage future use in areas where it may not be safe to have a fire.

• The installation of climbing bolts, bolt hangers, pitons, and other permanently installed hardware is prohibited.
• Glue, epoxy, cement, or any other adhesive may not be used to attach or reinforce hand and/or footholds for climbing.
• Chipping or enhancing hand and/or footholds is not allowed while climbing.
• Vegetation may not be removed for the purpose of climbing.
• Climbing is not permitted within 100 feet of any archeological, cultural, or historical site.
• Fixed lines may not be attached to man-made structures.
• A fixed rope line may not be left unattended anywhere within the park.
• Cords, rope and climbing equipment may not be placed in a horizontal position from natural vegetation or park structures for purposes such as “slack lines”.

In order to protect geologic features and natural resources in the park, the installation of permanent hardware/adhesives or to alter the rock face or destruction of vegetation is prohibited.Slacklining is defined as walking or riding on a rope or other line that is anchored between trees or any other natural features. Height of the rope above the ground is immaterial.

• Engines must be shut down when not underway for all passenger carrying busses and other temporarily parked vehicles.

The idling of engines adds unnecessary exhaust fumes to the air and diminishes the enjoyment by visitors of the peace and tranquility of the park.

36 CFR §1.6 - ACTIVITIES THAT REQUIRE A PERMIT

The following activities are prohibited without a permit. Criteria for approving or denying permits are established by applicable law (statutes and regulations) and policy. Permitted activities are subject to applicable terms and conditions.

• Launching or landing uncrewed aircraft. 36 CFR §1.5.
• Any non-NPS event or assembly involving more than 25 people or 8 vehicles, except at Upper Lehman Creek Picnic area involving more than 50 people and 20 vehicles. 36 CFR §1.5.
• Specimen collection for research purposes. 36 CFR §2.5.
• Gathering of plants or plant parts by Federally recognized Indian tribes. 36 CFR §2.6.
• Backcountry Camping at Baker Lake and Johnson Lake. 36 CFR §2.10.
• Operating a power saw in developed areas and a motor or engine in undeveloped areas. 36 CFR §2.12.
• Operating a public address system 36 CFR §2.12.
• Delivery or retrieval of a person or object by parachute, helicopter or other airborne means. 36 CFR §2.17.
• Soliciting or demanding gifts, money goods or services. 36 CFR §2.37.
• Using, possessing, storing, or transporting explosives; using or possessing fireworks or firecrackers. 36 CFR §2.38.
• Conducting a special event. 36 CFR §2.50.
• Conducting a demonstration by groups of more than 25 people. 36 CFR §2.51.
• Selling or distributing printed matter and other message-bearing items by groups of more than 25 people. 36 CFR §2.52.
• Running-at-large, herding, driving across, allowing on, pasturing or grazing of livestock, or using the park for agriculture. 36 CFR §2.60.
• Residing on federal lands. 36 CFR §2.61.
• Scattering of human ashes from cremation. 36 CFR §2.62.
• Towing a person using a parasail, hang-glider, or other airborne device. 36 CFR §3.12.
• Operating a submersible. 36 CFR §3.19.
• Displaying, posting, or distributing commercial notices or advertisements. 36 CFR §5.1
• Engaging in or soliciting any business. 36 CFR §5.3.
• Using commercial vehicles on NPS-administered roads. 35 CFR §5.6.
• Constructing or attempting to construct any building, structure, road, trail, path, or utility. 36 CFR §5.7.
• Rights-of-way. 36 CFR part 14.
• Examining ruins, excavating archeological sites, and gathering of objects of antiquity. 43 CFR part 3.
• Excavating or removing archeological resources. 43 CFR part 7.
• Collecting paleontological resources. 43 CFR part 49.
• Some filming, still photography, and audio recording (depends upon the facts and circumstances; contact the park for more information). 54 U.S.C. 100905.

36 CFR §2.1 – PRESERVATION OF NATURAL, CULTURAL AND ARCHEOLOGICAL RESOURCES

(a)(4) Using or possessing wood gathered from within the park area is prohibited, except that dead wood on the ground may be collected for use as fuel for campfires within the park in the following areas:

• Any area in the park is open to collecting dead wood on the ground, except for Bristlecone Pine.
• The collection or use of Bristlecone Pine wood in any form is prohibited throughout the entire park.

Ancient Bristlecones pine trees are located throughout the park. They serve as important scientific tools, especially in paleo-climatological studies. Since the age of a piece of Bristlecone pine wood cannot be determined without scientific study, all wood must be protected in order to protect potentially important specimens.

Under §2.1(a) collecting natural materials from the park is generally prohibited. However, pursuant to §2.1(c), the following fruits, nuts, berries or unoccupied seashells may be gathered by hand for personal use or consumption, in accordance with the noted size, quantity, collection sites and/or possession and consumption restrictions:

• Pinyon Pine cones and nuts (Pinus monophylla) in the amount of 25 pounds of nuts or 3 bags of cones (each bag no larger than 2 ft. by 3 ft. when laid flat) per household per year.
• Fruit in the historic Lehman Orchard may be picked for personal non-commercial consumption.
• Other fruits, nuts, mushrooms, and berries may be collected for non-commercial use subject to the following limits: 2-quart limit per family per day.
• Only freestanding ladders may be used for picking. Cutting, pulling, shaking, or climbing trees to obtain fruits, nuts or berries is prohibited.

The Superintendent has determined that the gathering or consumption of these items will not adversely affect park wildlife or the reproduction potential of any plant species or otherwise adversely affect park resources. It has also been determined that limiting the amount of fruit removed from the trees will provide a harvest experience to the greatest number of visitors. If future monitoring indicates that such gathering or consumption is likely to cause adverse effects to park resources, then the authorization for this consumptive use will be terminated. Use of these items for any purpose other than personal consumption is specifically prohibited.

36 CFR §2.2 - WILDLIFE PROTECTION

(d) The following conditions and procedures for transporting lawfully taken wildlife through the park area are in place:

• Park residents may transport legally taken wildlife from outside the park directly to their residence.
• Hunters using the Mount Washington Road can transport lawfully taken game when crossing park lands.
• Hunters traveling by foot or pack animal on the former Decathon Canyon Road, within the park, may transport legally taken wildlife by foot or pack animal only on the former road from the BLM immediately outside the park, across the park to the terminus of the Decathon Canyon Road within the BLM administered Highland Ridge Wilderness area. No vehicles are allowed on the former road within the park or beyond the terminus of the Decathon Canyon Road within the Highland Ridge Wilderness area.
• Wildlife must be properly tagged in accordance with state game laws.
• Any person transporting wildlife must possess a hunting license.

These conditions are intended to promote resource protection while accommodating an activity legally conducted outside the park. NOTE: Title 16 United States Code §62 specifically provides that mere possession of dead animals or animal parts within a national park constitutes prima facie evidence that said animal was taken illegally within the park. The responsibility to prove that the animal was taken outside of the park rests, therefore, with the hunter.

(e) The following areas are closed to the viewing of wildlife with the use of an artificial light:

• All viewing of wildlife with artificial lights is prohibited on Great Basin National Park lands unless permitted by the Superintendent as an allowable condition of a research permit, for park education programs, or for resource management activities. This includes all light sources such as infrared, black lights, and flash photography.

This prohibition is for resource protection.

36 CFR §2.10 – CAMPING AND FOOD STORAGE

(a) Camping is allowed in the following designated sites or areas and is subject to the following established conditions:

Developed Campgrounds/Campsites:

• Baker Creek Campground
• Upper Lehman Campground
• Lower Lehman Campground
• Grey Cliffs Campground (Loops A & C)
• Monkey Rock Group Campsite
• Pinnacle Group Campsite
• Squirrel Springs Campsites
• Eagle Peak Campsites
• Walk-in Sites at Snake Creek Trailhead

In developed campgrounds/campsites the following conditions apply:

• Individual sites are limited to 2 vehicles, 8 people and 3 tents per campsite, unless otherwise posted.
• Tents must be placed within 30 ft. of the site’s picnic table and/or fire ring
• Quiet hours, including generators, are between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m.
• Where campsite fees are charged, camping is by reservation only. Non-fee campsites are first-come, first-served except when reserved for administrative use.
• Checkout time is 11:00 a.m.
• If pavement is provided within a site, all wheels of all vehicles must be on the pavement.
• Maximum continuous stay in any campground or campsite is 14 days
• Designated handicap sites are reserved for disabled individuals, persons recognized by the Americans with Disabilities Act, or any group of visitors having at least one disabled member. Sites are to remain accessible to the above referenced individuals at all times.

Camping is an intensive use of park resources. Limitations on the number of persons per site and the location of tents seek to reduce impacts to individual campsites and reduce negative impacts to adjacent campers while still providing an equitable allocation of camping opportunities. Quiet hour restrictions are intended to accommodate various user groups while providing a peaceful sleeping environment for all campers. Requirements are also intended to ensure the fair and equitable use and availability of campsites while facilitating the efficient management and administration of campgrounds.

Vehicle Size restrictions and access:

• Large vehicles and RVs camping in Baker Creek Campground are encouraged to use the lower portion of the campground, turning left at the entrance.
• Vehicles in excess of 32 feet in total length including any towed trailers are not allowed in the upper portion of Baker Creek Campground beyond the designated closure sign
• Vehicle size is limited to 24 feet or less in Grey Cliffs Campground.
• Trailers are prohibited in Grey Cliffs Campground

Restricted areas have insufficient turning radius for large vehicles or vehicles with trailers, nor do those areas have sufficient depth in the campsite parking areas to accommodate large vehicles or vehicles with trailers.

In group campgrounds/campsites the following conditions apply:

• Groups cannot exceed a maximum group size of 16 persons per site.
• Sites are available for reservation through www.recreation.gov.
• Generators may only by used between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.
• Tents must be placed within 30 ft. of the site’s picnic tables and/or fire ring.
• Checkout time is 11:00 a.m.
• Maximum continuous stay in any campground is 14 days.

Camping is an intensive use of park resources. Limitations on the number of persons per site and the location of tents seek to reduce impacts to individual campsites and reduce negative impacts to adjacent campers while still providing an equitable allocation of camping opportunities. Quiet hour restrictions are intended to accommodate various user groups while providing a peaceful sleeping environment for all campers. Requirements are also intended to ensure the fair and equitable use and availability of campsites while facilitating the efficient management and administration of campgrounds.

Snake Creek Canyon Campsites:

• Group size is limited to 2 vehicles, 8 people, and 3 tents per site.
• Tents must be placed within 30 ft. of the site’s picnic table and/or fire ring.
• Generators may only be used between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.
• There are currently no fees for these campsites
• Sites are first-come, first-served except when reserved for administrative use.
• Checkout time is 11:00 a.m.
• Maximum continuous stay in any campsite is 14 days.

Camping is an intensive use of park resources. Limitations on the number of persons per site and the location of tents seek to reduce impacts to individual campsites and reduce negative impacts to adjacent campers while still providing an equitable allocation of camping opportunities. Quiet hour restrictions are intended to accommodate various user groups while providing a peaceful sleeping environment for all campers. Requirements are also intended to ensure the fair and equitable use and availability of campsites while facilitating the efficient management and administration of campgrounds.

Non-designated or backcountry camping is permitted with the following exceptions and restrictions or conditions:

• No camping is permitted within the Wheeler Peak Day Use Area, Strawberry Creek Day Use Area, or the Lexington Arch Day Use Area as depicted on the Great Basin National Park Official Map and Guide which includes but is not limited to all areas within ¼ mile of the following trails:
  • Alpine Lakes Loops
  • Bristlecone Glacier
  • Wheeler Peak
  • Lexington Arch
• Camping in the backcountry is allowed except that campsites must be:
  • Located at least ¼ mile from the nearest public road, service road, building, water or waste-water treatment facility, designated campground, trailhead, or other developed area.
  • At least 100 feet from a flowing stream, spring, lake, or other natural body of open water.
  • At least 100 feet from any cultural or archaeological site such as a historic mine site, cabin, rock shelter, or pictograph site.
  • At least 100 feet from the nearest designated trail.
  • Not otherwise posted as being closed.
• Camping is prohibited in all parking areas, at trailheads and on or along all other roads within the limits of the National Park boundary.
• Group size is limited to 12 persons. Larger groups must split up into smaller groups within these limits and must camp at least ¼ mile apart. Larger groups may also request an exception to these limits from the Superintendent under the terms of a Special Use Permit.
• Pets are not allowed.
• Maximum continuous stay at any campsite is 14 days. After 14 days, campers must relocate at least ½ mile from previous site.
• Backcountry camping permits are required for Baker Lake and Johnson Lake. For all other areas, backcountry campers are strongly encouraged to fill out a free backcountry registration form at park visitor centers to document their plans, provide for their safety, and assist the park in monitoring backcountry use.
• Backcountry campers are required to follow Leave No Trace practices and properly dispose of trash, refuse and human waste. Pack it in, pack it out.

These conditions are intended to reduce the visual impact of camping on other park users as well as impacts on sensitive park resources.

(b)(3) Camping within 25 feet of a fire hydrant or main road, or within 100 feet of a flowing stream, river or body of water is prohibited, except in the following areas and under the following conditions:

• All developed campsites in Snake Creek Canyon, Lower Lehman Campground, Upper Lehman Campground, Grey Cliffs Campground, and Baker Creek Campground.

As developed sites, these sites are created to concentrate use to reduce visual impairment and hardened to reduce impact to resources.

(b)(7) Connecting to a utility system is prohibited, except as designated below:

• At the dumping station located near the Lehman Cave’s Visitor Center after required fees have been paid. Utility systems are prohibited from being tampered with in any way, including removal of hardware or hook ups.

This requirement is to protect health and safety and appropriately manage use.

(d) Conditions for the storage of food are in effect as designated below:

• All unattended food, garbage or cooking equipment must be sealed in a vehicle or a solid, non-pliable, animal-resistant container.

Animals that feed on human food can become reliant on it and be less adapted to the natural conditions of Great Basin National Park. Frequently fed animals can become a nuisance and cause litter to be strewn about campsites and picnic areas.

36 CFR 2.13 – FIRES

(a)(1) The lighting or maintaining of fires is prohibited, except in the following areas and/or receptacles, and under the conditions noted:

• Designated Areas:
  • Open fires are permitted only in designated fire rings, grills, or grates while in developed campgrounds, developed picnic areas, designated primitive campsites and employee residential areas. Self-contained gas and charcoal grills are allowed. Charcoal must be fully extinguished with water and removed from the park or disposed of in a garbage receptacle.
  • Fires are prohibited above 10,000 feet. Backcountry users may only use portable stoves for cooking above 10,000 feet.
• Recepticals Allowed:
  • Provided fire rings, grates, or grills must be used in developed campgrounds, designated primitive campsites and in picnic areas.
  • The construction of new fire rings is prohibited throughout the park.
  • In the backcountry, fires may only be constructed upon and in areas of bare soil with a diameter of at least 10 ft. or in a shallow snow pit clear of vegetation for a diameter of at least 10 ft. in order to prevent escape and damage to resources. Clearing of vegetation is prohibited. Metal fire pans or fire blankets may also be used in such areas for additional protection. Fires must not exceed two feet in diameter.
• Established Conditions for Fires:
  • All flammable material must be contained within the perimeter of designated fire rings.
  • All flammable material must not be so large that it extends above the rim of designated fire rings.
• Conditions on Lighting or Maintaining a Fire:
  • A fire may be ignited and maintained only by using fuel sources designed and commonly used for warmth or the preparation of food, such as charcoal briquettes or natural firewood. Lighting or maintaining a fire with other materials including, but not limited to, flammable liquids, garbage, fireworks, plastics, aerosol canisters, batteries, or other manufactured or synthetic materials, is prohibited.

(b) Fires must be extinguished according to the following conditions:

• All fires must be rendered completely out and cold to the touch by dowsing with water.

(c) During periods of high fire danger, the following areas of the park are closed to the lighting or maintaining of a fire.

• During high fire danger, fires may be restricted throughout the park.

These actions are necessary for the maintenance of public health and safety, protection of environmental or scenic values, protection of natural or cultural resources, and the implementation of management responsibilities. Materials other than approved combustibles – especially fire accelerants and substances prone to wind transport or explosion – creates serious risks when used to light or maintain fires. These combustibles can ignite or spread wildfires that directly threaten people and valuable resources and assets. The burning of manufactured or synthetic materials can contribute to air pollution, contaminate soil and water, and be toxic to humans and the environment. Less restrictive measures, such as an education campaign informing visitors of the risks of using certain materials to light or maintain a fire, would not be commensurate with the substantial risks associated with those activities and could lead to adverse outcomes that might be prevented by establishing an enforceable condition.

36 CFR §2.14 – SANITATION AND REFUSE

(a)(2) Using park refuse receptacles or facilities for dumping household, commercial or industrial refuse is prohibited, except under the following conditions:

• Residents in the park may use the provided dumpsters for household waste.

Park residents do not have reasonable access to other household refuse removal services.

(a)(8) In developed areas, the disposal of human body waste is prohibited, except at the following designated locations or fixtures provided for that purpose:

• At the dumping station located near the Lehman Cave’s Visitor Center after required fees have been paid.

This requirement is to protect health and safety and appropriately manage use.

(b) Conditions for the disposal, containerization, or carryout of human body waste have been established as follows:

• Human body waste must be bagged and carried out of any cave and disposed of in an appropriate receptacle.
• In the backcountry and other undeveloped areas, the disposal of human body waste should be buried in a hole 4-6 inches deep in mineral soil. Toilet paper must be packed out and disposed of in trash cans.
• Human body waste, other than toilet paper, is prohibited from being placed within park trash cans or dumpsters and must be disposed of in park restroom facilities or the RV dump station located near the Lehman Caves Visitor Center.
• RVs are not allowed to dump, pump, or dispose of human waste in park restroom facilities.

This requirement is to protect health and safety, appropriately manage use, and protect resources.

36 CFR §2.15 – PETS

(a)(1) Possessing pets in public buildings, public transportation vehicles, swimming beaches, and the following structures and/or areas is prohibited:

• Pets are prohibited greater than 50 feet from roads or developed areas within the park unless permitted under special regulation.
• All caves and all trails, except the Lexington Arch Trail, the trail from the residence area to Baker Creek Road, and the trail from the Great Basin Visitor Center to the town of Baker.
• All public buildings, including Visitor Centers, Gift Shops, and Café.
• All backcountry areas.

Pets pose a danger to wildlife and natural resources. These restrictions are established as the minimum requirements because excluding pets from the park would be an undue hardship for park residents as well as many visitors. However, less restrictive measures would lead to resource degradation or damage to park property or structures.

(a)(5) Pet excrement must be disposed of in accordance with the following conditions:

• Pet excrement must be disposed of in a trash bin by the person responsible for the pet.

Excrement must be removed to prevent health hazards to people, lessen negative impact on wildlife from potential disease transmission, and to prevent the unsightly accumulation of pet excrement that detracts from the visitor experience.

(e) Pets may be kept by park residents under the following conditions:

• Seasonal employees in government housing cannot keep pets on the premises.
• Pet owners must comply with all pet requirements listed in the park pet policy (Office Order GRBA-2).
• Pet owners must comply with all applicable county and state regulations pertaining to pets.
• All pets must be inoculated per state and county regulations and will wear tags identifying their owner when in public locations.
• Wildlife shall not be kept in violation of state or federal law.
• The keeping of exotic animals with potential to survive within Great Basin National Park should they escape is prohibited.
• The keeping of farm animals, which includes but is not limited to horses, cows, burros, goats, sheep, potbellied pigs, or poultry is prohibited.
• Excessive noise or offensive conditions created by any pet are prohibited.

Pets pose a danger to wildlife and natural resources. These restrictions are established as the minimum requirements because excluding pets from the park would be an undue hardship for permanent park residents. However, less restrictive measures would lead to resource degradation or damage to park property, resources or structures.

36 CFR §2.16 - HORSES AND PACK ANIMALS

(a) The use of animals other than those designated as “pack animals” for purposes of transporting equipment is prohibited. The following animals are designated as pack animals for purposes of transporting equipment:

• Horses
• Mules
• Burros

Other potential pack animals (llamas, goats, etc) have potential to spread disease to native bighorn sheep populations and their use is therefore prohibited.

(b) The use of horses or pack animals is prohibited outside of the following trails, routes or areas designated for their use:

• Baker Creek Trails system
• Snake Creek Trail System
• Strawberry Creek Trail system
• Lexington Arch Trail system
• Big Wash
• Decathon Canyon

The recreational use of horses and pack animals is well established in the park. However, restrictions on locations for stock use are necessary to protect the soil, vegetation, and water quality from unacceptable damage and prevent the introduction of exotic species.

(g) Other conditions concerning the use of horses or pack animals:

• Up to 4 horses or pack animals are allowed per group for day or overnight use. Larger groups may request an exception to these limits from the Superintendent under the terms of a Special Use Permit.
• All feed transported, possessed and used in the park must be certified “weed free”. Information on “weed free” livestock feed can be obtained on the park website.
• Animals may not be picketed, hobbled, or allowed to graze within 100 feet of any spring, stream, lake, body of water, or riparian area.
• The tying of horses or pack animals to trees or other vegetation for more than 60 minutes or in a manner that causes damage to park resources is prohibited.
• Horses or pack animals may not be tied to or secured within historic structures such as cabins, mills, or corrals.
• Horse trailers may not be cleaned out in the park.
• Manure piles dropped at trailheads or in overnight camping areas must be removed from the park.

The recreational use of horses and pack animals is well established in the park. However, restrictions on watering, numbers, and locations for stock use are necessary to: 1) protect the soil, vegetation, historic structures, and water quality from unacceptable damage, 2) protect public health concerns, 3) prevent the introduction of exotic species, and 4) avoid conflict among visitor use activities.

36 CFR §2.17 – AIRCRAFT AND AIR DELIVERY

(a)(3) Delivering or retrieving a person or object by parachute, helicopter, or other airborne means is prohibited, except in emergencies involving public safety or serious property loss or pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit.

Air delivery has a significant potential for impacting park resources and human safety. By requiring permits for these activities, the superintendent can manage these activities and mitigate negative impacts.

(c)(1) The removal of a downed aircraft, components, or parts thereof is allowed, subject to written authorizations from the superintendent, under the following terms and conditions:

• A permit is required for the removal of any downed aircraft.

The removal of downed aircraft requires careful planning to limit further damage to natural and cultural resources and wilderness character. Aircraft, especially military aircraft, may contain numerous hazardous materials including explosive devices.

36 CFR §2.19 – WINTER ACTIVITIES

(a) Skiing, snowshoeing, ice skating, sledding, inner tubing, tobogganing, and similar winter sports are prohibited on park roads and in parking areas open to motor vehicle traffic, except under the conditions below:

• Skiing is allowed on the open portion of Baker Creek road from the junction of the main road to the winter road closure area. Skiers on this portion of the road must yield to vehicular traffic.

The width, substrate, and low use of the open portion of Baker Creek road creates conditions that allow for responsible ski use of the road with minimal conflict with other user groups.

36 CFR §2.20 – SKATING, SKATEBOARDS AND SIMILAR DEVICES

Using roller skates, skateboards, roller skis, coasting vehicles, or similar devices is prohibited, except in the following designated areas:

• On paved surfaces located in the park residential areas, only by park residents and their guests.

Roller skates, roller skis, and other such devices may create a hazardous condition when used on the same roadways as vehicles and sidewalks traveled by pedestrians when visitors are present. They also cause damage to natural resources when used off pavement or other hard surfaces. For these reasons, only the residential area has been specified for their use where they will conflict minimally with public user groups.

36 CFR §2.21 – SMOKING

(a) The following portions of the park, buildings, structures and/or facilities are closed to smoking as noted:

• All government owned buildings and historic structures, including all restrooms.
• On the Mountain View Nature Trail and Island Forest Loop.
• All government owned, rented, or leased vehicles.
• Within 25 feet of the entrance/exit to a public building or cave.
• Within all caves.
• All cabins, structures, and ruins within the park.
• Within 50 feet of any above ground gasoline and propane dispensing or flammable storage area.
• Areas of the park as designated during high fire danger.

Certain areas are restricted to protect public health, sensitive resources and structures from fire danger or smoke. This prohibition is consistent with federal and state law.

36 CFR §2.22 – PROPERTY

(a)(2) Leaving property unattended for longer than 24 hours is prohibited, except in the following locations or under the following conditions:

• Visitors using the backcountry area are allowed to leave their vehicle unattended at trailhead parking areas while they are in the backcountry.
• Extra vehicles may be left in Visitor Center parking lots for persons on extended trips within the park with the prior approval of the Superintendent.
• Caching of food and water supplies in the backcountry for use on extended backcountry trips may be permitted with prior approval of the Superintendent. All caches must be clearly marked with a date when they were deposited. Unmarked caches or caches left in excess of 30 days may be removed by park staff.

The superintendent has determined that this is a reasonable condition with negligible negative impacts which also allows for visitor safety and wellbeing.

• “Geo-caching” is prohibited within the park.

Physical articles left at a geo-cache site will be considered abandoned property. Alterations to sites for the purposes of geo-caching will be considered vandalism.

36 CFR §2.23 – RECREATION FEES

(b) Recreation fees and/or permits, in accordance with 36 CFR part 71, are established for the following areas and/or for the use of the following specialized sites, facilities, equipment or services, or for participation in the following group activity, recreation events or specialized recreation uses:

Entrance Fee Areas:

• There are no entrance fee for Great Basin National Park

Daily Site Use Fee Areas:

• Lehman Caves guided tours
• Lower Lehman Campground
• Upper Lehman Campground
• Wheeler Peak Campground
• Baker Creek Campground
• Grey Cliffs Loop A and Primitive Group Campsites (Loops B & C)
• RV Dump station

This requirement is consistent with all applicable federal laws.

36 CFR §2.35 – ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

(a)(3)(i) The following areas and facilities within the park are closed to consumption of alcoholic beverages, and/or to the possession of a bottle, can or other receptacle containing an alcoholic beverage that is open, or has been opened, or whose seal has been broken or the contents of which have been partially removed:

• Non-residential government buildings.
• Visitor Center patios and lawns outside of the concessionaire’s designated area.
• Caves.

36 CFR §2.51 – DEMONSTRATIONS AND DESIGNATED AVAILABLE PARK AREAS

(c)(2) Designated Location

• A permit is not required for a demonstration in the designated location if it involves 25 persons or fewer and does not involve structures. The following locations are designated as available for demonstrations:

  • Great Basin Visitor Center within the circular concrete benches.
  • Lehman Caves Visitor Center parking area. The area designated is at the North end of the lower parking area.

The designated locations are in prominent locations near the visitor centers that will allow individuals and groups to conduct demonstrations in a manner that will allow for effective communication of speech and other protected activities. At the same time, the designated locations leave ample space for visitors to enter and leave the visitor center safely and for the NPS to conduct administrative activities such as interpretive events.

36 CFR §2.52 - Sale of printed matter and the distribution of printed matter and other message-bearing items

• The following locations are designated as available for the sale or distribution of printed matter, and the free distribution of other message-bearing items. A permit is not required for these activities in the designated location if they involve 25 persons or fewer and do not involve structures.
  • Great Basin Visitor Center within the circular concrete benches.
  • Lehman Caves Visitor Center parking area. The area designated is at the North end of the lower parking area.

The designated locations are in prominent locations near the visitor centers that will allow individuals and groups to conduct demonstrations in a manner that will allow for effective communication of speech and other protected activities. At the same time, the designated locations leave ample space for visitors to enter and leave the visitor center safely and for the NPS to conduct administrative activities such as interpretive events.

36 CFR §2.62 – MEMORIALIZATION

(b) The scattering of human ashes from cremation is prohibited, except pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit, or in the following areas and according to the following conditions:

• The remains to be scattered must have been cremated and pulverized.
• The scattering of remains by persons on the ground is to be performed at least 100 yards from any trail, road, developed facility, or body of water.
• The scattering of remains from the air must be at a minimum altitude of 2000 feet above the ground.
• No scattering of remains from the air is to be performed over developed areas, facilities, or bodies of water.
• Remains shall not be scattered in caves.

The conditions allow for scattering of ashes with negligible impact to resources and in a manner that will not conflict with other visitor uses.

36 CFR §4.11 – VEHICLE LOAD, WEIGHT AND SIZE LIMITS

(a) The following load, weight, and size limits, which are more restrictive than State law, apply to the roads indicated under the terms and conditions, and/or under permit as noted:

• The Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive is closed to all vehicles in excess of 24 feet, all trailers, and any towed vehicle above the parking area at Upper Lehman Campground.

This restriction provides for the safety of other passenger vehicles along a very narrow, steep and windy road corridor

36 CFR §4.21 – SPEED LIMITS

(a), (b) The following speed limits are established for the routes/roads indicated:

• 15 mph: Campgrounds, parking lots, picnic areas, residential areas, and Pole Canyon Road.
• 25 mph: Baker Creek Road, Snake Creek Road, and all other unpaved roads unless otherwise posted.
• 35 mph: All paved roads, unless otherwise posted

Variations from the speed limit designations in the general regulations have been made where road conditions allow either a higher speed without jeopardizing public safety or require a lower speed limit for public safety and to prevent road deterioration.

36 CFR §4.30 – BICYCLES & ELECTRONIC BICYCLES (E-BIKES)

• Bicycle and Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycle use is permitted on park roads, parking areas, and on the following designated routes:
  • Bicycles and Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles are permitted only on roads open to public vehicular traffic.
  • Bicycles and Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles, whether ridden or walked, are prohibited on all trails or off the roadway.
  • Except when passing, bicycles and Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles must ride single file on paved roads.

Allowing electric bicycles on roads and parking areas will not create new, adverse impacts to resources or visitors because those locations are already used by motor vehicles and traditional bicycles. Electric bicycles provide a recreational opportunity for visitors who want to ride a bicycle but might not otherwise because of physical fitness, age, or convenience, especially at high altitudes and on terrain with changing elevations. Class 3 electric bicycles, which allow the motor to assist pedaling up to 28 mph, would create unacceptable risks to visitor safety on roads and parking areas in the park due to potential conflicts with heavier and faster motor vehicles, and with other electric bicycles and traditional bicycles, which travel at slower speeds. Accidents that occur at higher speeds increase the risk of serious injury or death.

36 CFR §4.31 – HITCHHIKING

Hitchhiking or soliciting transportation is prohibited except in the following designated areas and under the following conditions:

• Hitchhikers must use trailheads, parking areas, and turnouts and not stand on the road shoulder nor obstruct traffic.

Hitchhiking is commonly engaged in by persons who have been hiking and need transportation back to their starting point. Restrictions are for public welfare and safety and to reduce conflict with swiftly moving motor vehicles.