Your Safety

 

Safety in Cumberland Gap National Historical Park

Cumberland Gap National Historical Park offers stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and miles of trails to explore. However, nature also presents potential hazards that visitors should be aware of while hiking and exploring outdoors. By taking simple precautions, you can have a safe and enjoyable visit.

Below are some key safety tips to keep in mind during your adventure.

General Hiking Safety

• Wear proper clothing and footwear – Sturdy hiking boots and weather-appropriate clothing help protect against rough terrain, sudden weather changes, and encounters with plants like poison ivy.

• Bring plenty of food and water – Dehydration and low energy can lead to exhaustion, especially in hot weather or during long hikes.

• Be aware of changing weather – The weather in the park can be unpredictable, especially at higher elevations. Sudden thunderstorms may bring lightning, sunny summer days can come with dangerously high temperatures, and winter storms can cause rapid drops in temperature, ice, and snow.

• Stay on marked trails – Straying off-trail increases the risk of getting lost, encountering dangerous wildlife, or stepping into hazardous terrain. Hiking on designated trails is for your safety and the protection and preservation of the cultural and natural resources in the park.

Wildlife Awareness

Cumberland Gap is home to a variety of wildlife, including black bears and venomous snakes. Observing these animals from a safe distance is key to protecting both yourself and the park’s ecosystem.

 

Black Bears

• Store food securely – Keep all food in a designated bear-proof container or on a bear cable. Never leave food unattended.

• Dispose of trash properly – Take your trash with you or use bear-proof garbage bins provided throughout the park. Never leave or burn scraps or trash.

• If you see a bear – Do not approach. Make your presence known and slowly back away and give the bear space. Never turn your back to the bear or run.

For more information about bear safety please visit Safety in Bear Country.

 

(L) Copperhead, (R) Rattlesnake

(L) Jean Lafitte National Historical Park & Preserve, (R) Doggrell

Venomous Snakes: Northern Copperhead & Timber Rattler

Cumberland Gap is home to two venomous snake species, here are some snake safety measures for hiking in Cumberland Gap.

• Watch where you step and place your hands – Snakes often blend in with leaves, logs, and rocky areas.

• Give them space – If you encounter a snake, do not try to move or handle it.

• Recognize the signs of a venomous snake – The Northern Copperhead has a distinctive copper-colored head with hourglass-shaped markings, while the Timber Rattlesnake has a heavy body with dark bands and a rattling tail. Both snakes will have a rectangular shaped head and raised eyes.

• Seek medical attention if bitten – Stay calm, keep the bite area still if possible, and seek emergency help immediately. If you need to walk from where you are to get medical attention, move at a calm swift pace, avoiding raising your heart rate if possible.

 

Plants & Insects to Watch For

 

(L) Poison Oak. Toxicodendron Diversilobum., (R) Poison Ivy. Toxicodendron Radicans.

(L) NPS/ Erika Williams, (R) Cape Hatteras National Seashore

Poison Ivy and Poison Oak

Poison Ivy and Poison Oak are common throughout the park, often growing along trails and in wooded areas.

• Remember: "Leaves of three, let it be."

• Avoid direct contact – Touching poison ivy or poison oak can cause an itchy rash. The oils from the plant can also spread indirectly from touching exposed clothing and gear as well.

• Wash exposed skin – If you come into contact with these plants, wash your skin with soap and cool water as soon as possible.

 

Black-legged tick.

CDC/Jim Gathany

Ticks

Ticks are present in the park, especially in wooded or grassy areas, and can transmit Lyme disease and other illnesses.

• Wear long sleeves and pants – Light-colored clothing makes it easier to spot ticks.

• Use insect repellent – Apply EPA-approved repellent to exposed skin and clothing.

• Check for ticks regularly – After hiking, carefully check your body, clothing, and gear for ticks.

• Remove ticks properly – Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick close to the skin and pull it straight out, ensuring that that head of the insect is fully removed from the skin.

 

Know Before You Go

• Learn to identify native plants and wildlife – This helps you avoid potential hazards and enhances your appreciation of the park’s natural beauty.

• Carry a map and let someone know your plans – Cell service may be limited, so always be prepared.

• Respect the park and its wildlife – By staying aware and following these safety tips, you can help protect yourself and preserve the park for future visitors.

Enjoy your time at Cumberland Gap NHP and stay safe on your adventure!