Trees and Shrubs

Woody Plants Known to Occur in Cumberland Gap National Historical Park

Taxonomic organization and nomenclature as used by the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Plants Database at https://plants.usda.gov/

Division Coniferophyta – Conifers

Family Cupressaceae -- Cypress family

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern redcedar)

Family Pinaceae -- Pine family

Pinus echinata (Shortleaf pine)

Pinus rigida (Pitch pine)

Pinus strobus (Eastern white pine)

Pinus virginiana (Virginia pine)
Tsuga canadensis(Eastern hemlock)

Division Ginkgophyta – Ginkgo

Family Ginkgoaceae -- Ginkgo family

Ginkgo biloba (Maidenhair tree)

Division Magnoliophyta -- Flowering plants

Family Caprifoliaceae -- Honeysuckle family

Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)

Family Smilacaceae -- Catbrier family

Smilax spp. (Greenbrier)

Family Scrophulariaceae -- Figwort family

Paulownia tomentosa (Princesstree)

Family Bignoniaceae -- Trumpet-creeper family

Bignonia capreolata (Crossvine)

Campsis radicans (Trumpet creeper)

Catalpa speciosa (Northern catalpa)

Family Oleaceae -- Olive family

Fraxinus americana (White ash)

Ligustrum amurense (Amur privet)

Family Diapensiaceae -- Diapensia family

Galax urceolata (Beetleweed)

Family Ebenaceae -- Ebony family

Diospyros virginiana (Common persimmon)

Family Clethraceae -- Clethra family

Clethra acuminata (Mountain sweetpepperbush)

Family Ericaceae -- Heath family

Epigaea repens (Trailing arbutus)

Gaultheria procumbens (Eastern teaberry)
Gaylussacia baccata (Black huckleberry)

Kalmia latifolia(Mountain laurel)

Lyonia ligustrina (Maleberry)

Oxydendrum arboreum (Sourwood)

Rhododendron catawbiense (Catawba rosebay)
Rhododendron cumberlandense (Cumberland rhododendron)

Rhododendron maximum (Great laurel)

Rhododendron prinophyllum (Early azalea)
Vaccinium corymbosum(Highbush blueberry)

Vaccinium erythrocarpum (Southern mountain cranberry)
Vaccinium pallidum (Blue Ridge blueberry)
Vaccinium stamineum (Deerberry)

Family Tiliaceae -- Linden family

Tilia americana (American basswood)
Tilia americana var. heterophylla (White basswood)

Family Salicaceae -- Willow family

Salix nigra (Black willow)
Salix humilis (Prairie willow)
Salix humilis var. tristis(Prairie willow)

Family Betulaceae -- Birch family

Alnus serrulata (Hazel alder)

Betula alleghaniensis (Yellow birch)
Betula lenta (Sweet birch)
Betula nigra (River birch)

Carpinus caroliniana (American hornbeam)

Corylus americana (American Hazelnut)

Ostrya virginiana (Hophornbeam)

Family Fagaceae -- Beech family

Castanea dentata (American chestnut)
Castanea pumila (Chinkapin)

Fagus grandifolia (American beech)

Quercus alba (White oak)

Quercus coccinea (Scarlet oak)

Quercus falcata (Southern red oak)

Quercus marilandica (Blackjack oak)

Quercus muelenbergii (Chinkapin oak)
Quercus prinus (Chestnut oak)
Quercus rubra (Northern red oak)

Quercus shumardii (Shumard’s oak)
Quercus velutina (Black oak)

Family Hamamelidaceae -- Witch-hazel family

Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweetgum)
Hamamelis virginiana (American witchhazel)

Family Platanaceae -- Plane-tree family

Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore)

Family Juglandaceae -- Walnut family

Juglans nigra (Black walnut)
Juglans cinerea (Butternut)
Carya cordiformis (Bitternut hickory)

Carya glabra (Pignut hickory)

Carya laciniosa (Shellbark hickory)

Carya ovalis (Red hickory)
Carya ovata (Shagbark hickory)
Carya pallida (Sand hickory)
Carya alba (Mockernut hickory)

Family Moraceae -- Mulberry family

Morus rubra (Red mulberry)

Family Ulmaceae -- Elm family

Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry

Ulmus alata ( Winged elm)

Ulmus americana (American elm)

Ulmus rubra (Slippery elm)

Family Lauraceae -- Laurel family

Lindera benzoin (Northern spicebush)

Sassafras albidum (Sassafras)

Family Annonaceae -- Custard-apple family

Asimina triloba (Papaw)

Family Magnoliaceae -- Magnolia family

Liriodendron tulipifera (Tuliptree)

Magnolia acuminata (Cucumber-tree)

Magnolia fraseri (Mountain magnolia)
Magnolia macrophylla (Bigleaf magnolia)
Magnolia tripetala (Umbrella-tree)

Family Menispermaceae -- Moonseed family

Menispermum canadense (Common moonseed)

Family Aquifoliaceae -- Holly family

Ilex opaca (American holly)
Ilex ambigua (Carolina holly)

Family Celastraceae -- Bittersweet family

Celastrus scandens (American bittersweet)

Euonymus americanus (Strawberry bush)
Euonymus atropurpureus (Wahoo)

Family Cornaceae -- Dogwood family

Nyssa sylvatica (Blackgum)

Cornus alternifolia (Alternateleaf dogwood)
Cornus florida (Flowering dogwood)

Family Fabaceae -- Pea family

Albizia julibrissin (Silktree)

Cassia nictitans ssp. nictitans var. nictitans (Sensitive patridgepea)
Cercis canadensis (Eastern redbud)
Gleditsia triacanthos (Honeylocust)

Robinia hispida (Bristly locust)

Robinia hispida var. kelseyi(Bristly locust)

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black locust)

Family Elaeagnaceae -- Oleaster family

Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive)

Elaeagnus umbellata (Autumn olive)

Family Rhamnaceae -- Buckthorn family

Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea)

Rhamnus caroliniana (Carolina buckthorn)

Family Vitaceae -- Grape family

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper)

Vitis spp. (Grape)

Family Hydrangeaceae -- Hydrangea family

Hydrangea arborescens (Wild hydrangea)

Family Rosaceae -- Rose family

Amelanchier arborea (Common serviceberry)
Amelanchier laevis (Allegheny serviceberry)

Crataegus spp. (Hawthorn)

Malus angustifolia (Southern crabapple)

Prunus americana (American plum)
Prunus angustifolia (Chickasaw plum)
Prunus persica (Peach)
Prunus serotina (Black cherry)
Malus angustifolia var. angustifolia (Southern crabapple)

Rosa wichuraiana (Memorial rose)

Rosa multiflora (Multiflora rose)

Family Aceraceae -- Maple family

Acer negundo (Boxelder)

Acer Pensylvanicum (Striped maple)
Acer rubrum (Red maple)

Acer saccharinum (Silver maple)
Acer saccharum (Sugar maple)

Family Anacardiaceae -- Sumac family

Rhus aromatica (Fragrant sumac)
Rhus copallinum (Winged sumac)
Rhus glabra (Smooth sumac)

Toxicodendron radicans (Eastern poison ivy)

Family Hippocastanaceae -- Horse-chestnut family

Aesculus octandra (Yellow buckeye)

Family Rutaceae -- Rue family

Ptelea trifoliata (Common hoptree)

Family Simaroubaceae -- Quassia family

Ailanthus altissima (Tree of heaven)