USGS: Geological Survey Professional Paper 1044

Geological Survey Professional Paper 1044—C

The Waters of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas—Their Nature and Origin

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover

Abstract

Introduction

Purpose of the study
Metric units
Acknowledgments
History of spring development and scientific study

Geologic setting

Character of the spring and well waters in the hot-springs area

Physical quality
     Flow of the hot springs
     Temperatures of the hot-springs water
     Silica concentration as a temperature indicator
     Temperatures of the cold springs and wells
Chemical quality
     Geochemistry of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes
     Carbonate geochemistry
          Isotopic chemistry of carbon
          Age of the hot-springs water
     Radioactivity of the waters in the hot-springs region

The hot-springs flow system

Conceptual model
Digital flow models
     Description of the hydrothermal model
     Application of digital models to the hot-springs flow system
     Discussion of models

Conclusions

References

ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATE

1. Geologic map of Hot Springs National Park and vicinity, Arkansas (omitted from the online edition)

FIGURE

1. Map showing location of study area
2. Map showing locations of the hot springs and hot-water collection lines
3. Graph showing temperatures and flows of the hot springs
4. Graph showing variation of dissolved-silica concentration with temperature
5. Graph showing maximum measured and calculated temperatures of the hot springs
6. Map showing locations of the cold springs and wells
7—11. Graphs showing:
7. Comparison of isotopic composition of the cold and hot springs, Arkansas, waters and of hydrothermal waters elsewhere
8. Relation between analyzed and calculated partial pressures of CO₂
9. Relation of alkaline-earth concentration to dissolved-carbonate concentration
10. Relation between calcite saturation and PCO₂ in the hot springs
11. Relation between adjusted carbon-14 age and total carbonate
12. Diagrammatic model of flow in the Bigfork Chert
13. Diagrammatic model of flow in the Arkansas Novaculite
TABLES

TABLE

1. Generalized section of sedimentary rocks in the vicinity of the hot springs
2. Flows of the hot springs in group 1 in 1901 and 1931
3. Temperatures, in degrees Celsius, of the hot springs
4. Temperatures of the cold springs
5. Temperatures of water in the wells
6. Chemical analyses of water from the hot springs, cold springs, and wells
7. Station numbers of wells and springs given in table 6
8. Hydrogen- and oxygen-isotope concentration of waters in the hot-springs area
9. Carbon-isotope data for waters in the hot-springs area
10. Comparison of the Bigfork Chert modeled and observed data for the hot springs
11. Comparison of the Arkansas Novaculite modeled and observed data for the hot springs

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
H. William Menard, Director

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

The Waters of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas—their nature and origin.
(Geohydrology of geothermal systems) (Geological Survey Professional Paper 1044-C)
Bibliography: p. C32-C33.
Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16:1044
1. Hot springs—Arkansas—Hot Springs National Park. I. Bedinger, M. S. II. United States. National Park Service. III. Series. IV. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper; 1044-C.
GB1198.3.A8W37 551.2'3'0976741 77-608354

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Last Updated: 09-Mar-2009