The Sunken Forest Tour: Cattail

Cattail is easily recognized by the corndog-like punk that adorns its central stalk.

NPS/Sucena

Cattail is another species of plant commonly sighted throughout wetland habitats on Fire Island. You can readily identify it by the long corndog-like “punk” that adorns its central stalk during parts of the year. You may also recognize its fan-like base and flat blade-like leaves. 

 

“Cattail” refers to a genus of over 30 species of plant found throughout many parts of the world. Able to survive in muddy and wet soil, cattail is often among the first plant species to take root in newly moistened habitats. The fluffy dandelion-like seeds of its decaying punks are easily spread with the wind. While cattail is considered native to this region it is considered invasive in some places. 

 

Throughout the world, species of cattail have been made useful to people in many aspects of life, from agriculture, to building material, and even as biofuel! Native Americans, who were the first to visit Fire Island, had many uses for this plant. The seeds from its punks can be used as tinder to start fires and as insulation. Its stalk, roots and rhizomes can be eaten outright, or used to produce flour for making bread and other baked goods.

 

The abundance of cattail, as well as oysters, clams, and even seals on Fire Island meant that Native American Tribes such as the Unkechaug of Poospatuck often visited and made use of the island and it’s resources. The Unkechaug were famously skilled whalers who launched their boats from these shores. Since long before the arrival of European colonists, this land has been a home and haven to many.