Major Long Surveys the Western Frontier

The gazebo at the first fort site with wayside exhibits.

NPS

Quick Facts

Location:

First Fort Smith

Amenities

4 listed

Historical/Interpretive Information/Exhibits, Scenic View/Photo Spot, Trash/Litter Receptacles, Wheelchair Accessible

During the War of 1812, Stephen H. Long worked as a civil engineer on the harbor defenses for New York City. In 1814, he was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to duty as assistant professor of mathematics at the United States Military Academy at West Point. Long requested and was granted an appointment to the Corps of Topographical Engineers.

In the fall of 1817, Long was given orders by General Thomas A. Smith to survey a site for a new fort on the Arkansas River. Long selected the site at Belle Point and developed a plan for building the first Fort Smith, named after his commander. The fort was meant to help minimize hostility between the Osage and Cherokee tribes.

During this period, Long's report included a recommendation to build new forts along the frontier as well as to strengthen the forts already in existence.