|
Yellowstone
Historic Resource Study The History of the Construction of the Road System in Yellowstone National Park, 1872-1966 |
|
|
Part One: The History of the Construction of the Road System in Yellowstone National Park, 1827-1966 and the History of the Grand Loop and the Entrance Roads |
CHAPTER III:
ENDNOTES
121. Capt. George S. Anderson, Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1891 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1891), 6.
122. Capt. George S. Anderson, Report of the Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1892 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1892), 3 and 5.
123. Maj. W. A. Jones, Corps of Engineers, "7th Indorsement U.S. Engineer Office, Saint Paul, Minnesota, November 14, 1892."
125. Capt. George S. Anderson, Annual Report of the Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1893 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1893), 8.
127. Capt. George S. Anderson, Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1894 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894), 8.
128. Capt. George S. Anderson, Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1895 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1895), 8.
130. Capt. George S. Anderson, Report of the Officer in Charge of Construction and Maintenance of Roads, Etc., in the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of War, 1896 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1896), 5.
133. Col. S. B. M. Young, 3rd Cavalry, Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1897 (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1897), 4. Bridges built in 1897: (1) Trout Creek, (2) Firehole River at Riverside Geyser, (3) over ravine near West Thumb, (4) Gibbon River in Virginia Meadows, (5) Green Creek, (6) footbridge over Firehole River near Biscuit Basin, and (7) over east branch of Gardner River above Undine Falls.
134. Col. S. B. M. Young to the Quartermaster General, 13 August 1897. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.
136. Young, Report of Acting Superintendent, 1897, 24. There is little historical documentation relating to this commission.
138. Capt. James B. Erwin, Report of the Acting Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park to the Secretary of the Interior, 1898 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1898).
139. Hiram Chittenden, "Roads in Yellowstone National Park," - Senate, 226, 50th Congress, 1st Session. Acting Secretary of War Transmitting in Response to Resolution of the Senate of March 12, 1900, Letter from Chief of Engineers, U.S.A., Together with the Copies of Originals of All Reports Relating to the Present Condition and Appropriate Plans for the Development of the System of Roads in the Yellowstone National Park. The monies would cover:
| 1. New road in Gardner Canyon, including three steel bridges | $10,000 |
| 2. Road through Golden Gate Canyon, including new steel bridge to replace wooden bridge around cliff, and widening road along cliff, the latter all solid rock | 15,000 |
| 3. Raising (sic) 3 miles of road in Gibbon Canyon and cutting out 1 mile of dangerous grades; also opening 4 miles of new road down the Gibbon to connect with the western approach | 16,000 |
| 4. Completion of 8 miles of road near Fountain Hotel | 8,000 |
| 5. Completion of southern approach along Snake River 20 miles | 20,000 |
| 6. New road from West Thumb to Natural Bridge, cutting out present line around Lake Shore, 8 miles | 16,000 |
| 7. Surfacing new road from Lake Hotel to Grand Canyon, 15 miles | 6,000 |
| 8. New bridge across the Yellowstone, near the falls | 20,000 |
| 9. New road down right bank of Grand Canyon, 3 miles | 6,000 |
| 10. New road near Grand Canyon to cut out dangerous hills | 5,000 |
| 11. New road, Canyon to Norris, 10 miles | 20,000 |
| 12. New road, Grand Canyon via Tower Falls to Mammoth Hot Springs, 36 miles | 72,000 |
| 13. New bridge over Yellowstone near Tower Falls | 10,000 |
| 14. New bridge over Lamar River | 5,000 |
| 15. Completion of east approach, 15 miles | 15,000 |
| 16. New plant | 5,000 |
| 17. New office and other buildings | 5,000 |
| 18. Current repairs and maintenance for season of 1900 | 10,000 |
| 19. New bridges at various points, six needed at once | 12,000 |
| 20. Office, Transportation, and miscellaneous expenses | 10,000 |
| 21. There should also be added for clearing out and rendering more easily passable the numerous trails throughout the park, which are essential to its proper police and protection | 5,000 |
| TOTAL | 300,000 |
Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sergeant Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF and JJJ of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1901 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1901).
140. Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sergeant Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF, III, and JJJ of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1901, 3778-3780. Additions to the plant were two and 1 single-seated surrey for inspections uses, 1 boom derrick with complete fittings, 1 hoisting engine, 2 dump carts, 2 hovelcarts, 1 pile-driving outfit, 6 wheel scrapers, and 63 tents.
141. Ibid., 3,784 and 3,787-3,788.
142. Chittenden to Brigadier General G.L. Gillespie, Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, 7 December 1901, 1-2. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.
144. Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sgt. Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF, III, and JJJ of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1901, 73.
145. Chittenden, The Government Road System of the Yellowstone National Park, U.S. Department of Agriculture Public Road Inquiries — Bulletin No. 21. Proceedings of the International Good Roads Congress held at Buffalo, New York, September 16-21, 1901 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1901), 73.
148. Hiram Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sgt. Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF and III of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1902 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1902), 3,037 and 3,038.
Approximate location of the six wooden tanks:
1. one from the Fort Yellowstone water supply,
2. one from the overflow from the hot springs under Jupiter Terrace,
3. one about 1-1/2 miles up the hill, from a small spring near the road,
4. one a half of a mile farther, one from another small spring on the roadside,
5. one from a large spring 3/4 of a mile farther on, but about 500 feet from the road and considerably below it,
6. one from Glenn Creek above Golden Gate.
150. Hiram Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sgt. Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes GGG and KKK of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1903 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903), 2888-2889. The Engineers Office is adjacent to the Mammoth Hot Springs Hotel and across the esplanade from the Albright Visitor Center.
151. "Technical Report Upon the Improvement of Yellowstone National Park, 1904, 50." This document does not list an author, however, it is presumed to have been written by Captain Hiram Chittenden U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
153. Hiram Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sgt. Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF and KKK of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1904 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), 4,171, for 1903 2,889.
156. "Technical Report . . . 1904," 58.
157. After considerable controversy the bridge was removed in 1962.
158. Chittenden, Annual Reports Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Construction of Military Roads from Fort Washakie to Mouth of Buffalo Fork of Snake River, Wyoming, and Erection of Monument to Sgt. Charles Floyd in the Charge of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes FFF, KKK, and JJJ of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1903, 2893, for 1904, 4174.
Other bridges built with material from American Bridge Company:
Yellowstone River Bridge near Yancy's
Gardner River Bridge near Mammoth Hot Springs
Gardner River Bridge near 7th Milepost south of Mammoth Hot Springs
Firehole River Bridge 1/2 mile above Excelsior Geyser
Gibbon River Bridge near 6th Milepost south of Norris
Cascade Creek Bridge near Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River
159. Ibid., 1903, 2289, 1904, 4171.
160. Hiram Chittenden, Annual Report Upon the Construction, Repairs, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park in the Charge Of Hiram A. Chittenden, Captain, Corps of Engineers, Appendixes GGG and KKK of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1905 (Washington, D.C. :Government Printing Office, 1905), 2809 and 2810.
161. Ibid., 1905: The following bridges have been built:
The 5-spanded steel-arch bridge over the Middle Gardner River, the erection of which was in progress at the date of the last annual report, was finally completed.
The steel truss over the same river at the 7-mile post between Mammoth Hot Springs and Norris was also constructed.
Steel-truss bridges were built over Nez Perce Creek near the Fountain Hotel, and over the Firehole River, above Excelsior Geyser.
A fine steel-arch bridge was erected over Tower Creek, where the road crosses a short distance above Tower Falls.
Several wooden bridges were also built, the principal ones being the following:
A large crib structure without trusses over the Lamar River on the Cooke City road.
Bridges over the Big and Little Blacktail creeks on the road between Mammoth Hot Springs and Tower Falls. Reconstruction of the bridge over the Gibbon River at Norris. Reconstruction of two bridges over the Firehole River, one on the old road from the Lower Basin to Excelsior Geyser, and the other just above the upper Geyser Basin.
Relocation and reconstruction of bridges over Trout and Antelope creeks.
Construction of a new bridge over Grinnell Creek on the East road and the construction of a viaduct, by which the road down the mountain on the east side of Sylvan Pass is made to pass over itself, in order to secure the necessary reduction of gradient. Numerous small bridges have been built or reconstructed and most of the existing wooden bridges have been redecked.
1906: The following bridges had been built:
The wooden bridges over Gibbon River near Norris, the Firehole River on the old freight road near the Fountain Hotel, and over the same stream above the Upper Geyser Basin were reconstructed.
A 150-foot wooden viaduct was built at the east end of Sylvan Pass on the East road.
A new wooden bridge was erected over Grinnel Creek on the east road. All of the old bridges and culverts on the East road were inspected and necessary repairs made.
An attractive footbridge of rustic design was constructed over the small stream between the Castle Geyser and Old Faithful Inn. Many vitrified clay-pipe culverts were laid during the season, but the work of replacing the old wooden culverts with clay pipe was not extended as far as desireable, owing to lack of funds.
162. Chittenden, "Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1905," 2,816.
| <<< Previous | <<< Contents >>> | Next >>> |
yell/hrs1/hrs1-3n.htm
Last Updated: 01-Dec-2005