Chapter 11:
Notes
1. Robert W. Righter, Crucible for
Conservation: The Creation of Grand Teton National Park (Boulder:
Colorado Associated University Press, 1982), 96-97; Sen. Henry Ashurst
of Arizona stated during the 1933 hearings on the enlargement of Grand
Teton National Park that "the other states are not going to put over on
Wyoming something that her two Senators do not want."
2. Ibid., 105-6, 108.
3. Ibid., 108.
4. Ibid., 110-11.
5. Ibid., 114-15.
6. State of Wyoming vs. Charles J.
Smith et al., 18 May 1943, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole
National Monument, file 201-06.
7. Ibid.
8. Solicitor Jackson E. Price
informed the Attorney General of the United States that the validity of
the Grand Canyon National Monument was an issue in Cameron vs.
U.S., 252 U.S. 450, on 17 June 1943. But Cameron only challenged the
federal government's right to take title to land to which he had filed a
claim (see NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National Monument file
201-06; Shankland, Steve Mather, 225-42; NA, RG 79, Series 6,
Grand Canyon, file 12-5, and Series 17, Records of Horace M. Albright
1927-33, Grand Teton file).
9. State of Wyoming vs. Charles J.
Smith et al.
10. Charles J. Smith memorandum for
the Associate Director, 2 June 1943, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole
National Monument, file 201-06.
11. Solicitor Jackson E. Price to
Attorney General, 17 June 1943, NA, RG 79, Series 7. Jackson Hole
National Monument, file 201-06.
12. See letters following the 3
December 1943 decision in the National Archives, RG 79, Series 7,
Jackson National Monument, file 201-06, particularly a confidential memo
date 6 December 1943 from Regional Director Lawrence C. Merriam to
superintendent Paul Franke, who replaced Smith as the superintendent of
the Grand Teton National Park.
13. Newton B. Drury memo, 7 January
1944, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National Monument, file
201-06.
14. Hillary A. Tolson, 13 March
1944, memo for the files, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National
Monument, file 201-06.
15. Merrill J. Mattes to Director,
30 June 1944, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National Monument, file
201-06.
16. Howard Baker memo to Newton B.
Drury, 4 July 1944, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National Monument,
file 201-06.
17. Jackson E. Price memo to Newton
B. Drury, 30 August 1944, NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National
Monument, file 201-06.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. Paul Franke memo to Associate
Director, 19 April 1944. NA, RG 79, Series 7, Jackson Hole National
Monument. file 201-06.
21. Righter, Crucible for
Conservation, 119.
22. Ibid., 113. 117.
23. Foresta, America's National
Parks and Their Keepers, 54-55.
24. Barry Mackintosh, The
National Parks: Shaping The System (Washington, DC: National Park
Service, 1984), 9.
25. Among Hoover's lame-duck
proclamations were the second Grand Canyon National Monument, proclaimed
on 22 December 1932; White Sands, New Mexico, on 18 January 1933; Death
Valley, on 11 February 1933; Saguaro, on 1 March 1933; and the Black
Canyon of the Gunnison, on 2 March 1933. Albright, Birth of the
National Park Service, 276-78, recounts Hoover's influence on the
process.
26. William Everhart, The
National Park Service (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1972), 196-98;
see also April L. Young, "Saving the C & O Canal: Citizen
Participation in Historic Preservation" (unpublished M.A. thesis, George
Washington University, 1973). Young's thesis is on file at the National
Park Service Record Center, Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.
27. Ibid., 196-98, 177; this was
substantiated during an interview with Park Service historian Barry
Mackintosh, 15 January 1985.
28. Everhart, National Park
Service, 176.
29. Ibid., 176.
30. Ibid., 177.
31. Ibid., 178.
32. William Everhart, The
National Park Service (Boulder: Westview Press 1983), 128-32; Barry
Mackintosh, Shaping the System, 100-106.
33. Mackintosh, Shaping the
System, 100-106.
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