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Redwood
History Basic Data |
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X. THE LUMBER INDUSTRY—1850-1953 (continued)
ENDNOTES
1. Souvenir of Humboldt County, Being a Frank, Fair, and Accurate Exposition, Pictorially and Otherwise, of the Resources, Industries and Possibilities of this Magnificent Section of California (Eureka, 1902), pp. 45-46.
3. Elliott, History of Humboldt County, p. 141.
4. Stuart Nixon, Redwood Empire (Forge Village, 1966), p. 172; Ralph W. Andrews, Redwood Classic (Seattle, 1958), p. 124; The Titans: Story of the West's Oldest Redwood Lumber Mill (Eureka, undated), p. 1.
5. Nixon, Redwood Empire, p. 178; Andrews, Redwood Classic, p. 123; The Titans, p. 2; Souvenir of Humboldt County, p. 48.
6. Souvenir of Humboldt County, p. 48.
7. Humboldt Times, Sept. 23, 1854.
8. Hyman Palais, "History of the Lumber Industry in Humboldt County," Pacific Historical Review, Feb. 1950, pp. 3-4.
9. Humboldt Times, Oct. 8, 1862.
10. The Titans, p. 1; Palais, "History of the Lumber Industry in Humboldt County," Pacific Historical Quarterly, February 1950, p. 5. In 1857 Peter Hinkle and Carson had formed a partnership which required Carson to provide the capital and Hinkle the mill, and provided for an equal division of profits at the end of the year. The agreement was not renewed, and in 1863 Carson joined Dolbeer.
11. Palais, "History of the Lumber Industry in Humboldt County, " Pacific Historical Review, Feb. 1950, p. 8.
13. Eighth Census for Humboldt County (Eureka and Union Townships), Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section.
14. John S. Hittell, The Resources of California: Comprising Agriculture, Mining, Geography, Climate, Commerce, etc. . . . (San Francisco, 1866), pp. 306-307; The Titans, p. 5. The "cars" were built in the mill's shop.
15. Hittell, Resources of California, p. 307. Logs in the 1850s were never felled at greater distances from the tramways than 100 yards.
19. Hittell, Resources of California, pp.309-310; The Titans, pp. 3-4.
20. Leona Hammond, "Lumbering Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'" Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition, (1954), p. 2-AA; Ernie Coan, "Hobbs-Wall Empire," found in ibid., p. 3-D; Smith, History of Del Norte County, p. 12.
21. Hammond, "Lumbering Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'" p. 2-AA; Coan, "Hobbs-Wall Empire," p. 3-D.
24. Coan "Hobbs-Wall Empire," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 3-D.
25. McBeth, Lower Klamath Country, p. 51.
26. Eighth Census for Del Norte County; Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section. The estimated valuation of the products was: flour $10,800, bran $1,200, and lumber $4,500.
27. Ibid. The stated value of these products was: flour $16,000, bran $2,400, and lumber $3,250.
28. Hammond, "Lumbering Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'", Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 2-AA.
29. Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, pp. 123-124; Smith, History of Del Norte County, p. 12. After about a year, Wenger and A. M. Simpson bought out the other stockholders.
30. Hammond, "Lumbering Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'" Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 2-AA; Smith, History of Del Norte County, p. 12.
32. Ninth Census for Del Norte County, Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section.
33. Tenth Census for Del Norte County, Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section. In 1880 the management of the Crescent City Mill reported that they did not manufacture any timber products, that they logged on Lake Earl, and that they owned their own logging operations. At the mill they had four boilers and one steam engine of 100 horsepower.
34. Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, pp. 125-126.
35. Ibid., pp. 126-127, 128; Tenth Census for Del Norte County, Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section.
36. Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, pp. 127-128.
38. Smith, History of Del Norte County, pp. 13,14; Hammond, "Lumbering Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'" Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 2-AA.
39. Coan, "Hobbs-Wall Empire," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition(1954), p. 3-D: Ninth Census for Del Norte County, Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section.
40. Ibid.; Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, p. 130.
41. Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, p. 130; Tenth Census for Del Norte County, Schedule 4: Manufacturing, California State Library, California Section.
42. Bledsoe, History of Del Norte County, p. 121.
44. Jenkins, Del Norte County As It Is, p. 99.
46. Coan, "Hobbs-Wall Empire," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 3-D.
48. Steve W. Scotten, Del Norte County California, Its Industries, Resources, and Capabilities (Crescent City, 1909), pp. 11-15.
51. Personal Interview, Richard Childs with Bearss, April 23, 1969. Mr. Childs has an encyclopedic knowledge of lumbering and railroading in Del Norte County in the 20th century. Mr. Childs generously shared his knowledge and outstanding collection of historic photographs of Del Norte County with me. Roy Ward, an employee of Hobbs, Wall, recalled in 1954 his days on the Del Norte & Southern:
One day, as the locomotive of which he was engineer approached the old trestle, still standing in 1954 adjacent to the Humboldt road behind the Bertch tract, the fireman on the other locomotive lay in wait for the slow-moving train. When it reached the spot where he was concealed, he flung a hornet's nest into the cab. "The unlucky fireman really 'fired up' the boiler at that point, and Ward and he, both severely stung, made a record run back to town, much to the amusement of the man back in the brush."
52. Ibid.; Rellim Redwood Co., Demonstration Forest (Crescent City, 969), p. 3.
53. Personal Interview, Childs with Bearss, April 23, 1969.
54. Jenkins, Del Norte County As It Is, p. 28.
57. Personal Interview, Childs with Bearss, April 23, 1969.
58. Jenkins, Del Norte County As It Is, pp. 49-50; Coan, "Hobbs-Wall Empire," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), P. 3-D.
59. Del Norte Record, Aug. 27, 1881.
60. Ibid. June 21, 1890; Jenkins, Del Norte County As It Is, p. 116.
61. Personal Interview, Matthew Davis with Bearss, April 23, 1969. Davis is the son of G. G. Davis, and during the 1920s and 30s he assisted his father in assembling rafts at the mouth of the Klamath.
62. Del Norte Triplicate, Sept. 25, 1926.
64. Ibid., Oct. 15, 1926; Personal Interview, Davis with Bearss, April 23, 1969.
65. Del Norte Triplicate, Oct. 22, 1926.
67. Hammond, "Lumber Epitomizes Centennial's 'One Hundred Years of Progress,'" Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 2-AA.
68. Henry Trobitz, "Del Norte County Logging Industry Has Good Future,"; Nancy Kelty, "Lumber Industry Major Factor in D. N. Economy," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), p. 4-AA, p. 8-E.
70. Kelty, "Lumber Industry Major Factor in D. N. Economy," found in ibid., 4 AA.
71. Troblitz, "Del Norte County Logging Industry Has Good Future," Del Norte Triplicate, Centennial Edition (1954), 8-E.
72. Redwood and Lumbering in California Forests (San Francisco 1884), p. 35. Hobbs, Wall Co., before 1900 named their camps for the boss—after 1900 the camps were numbered. Personal Interview, Childs with Bearss, April 23, 1969.
77. Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
78. Redwood and Lumbering in California, pp. 45-47.
79. Ibid., p. 44; Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
80. Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
82. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 44.
83. Ibid.; Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
84. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 45.
85. Ibid., p. 46; Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
86. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 47; Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
87. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 39.
89. Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
90. Ibid.; Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 47. The water was packed in canvas fastened to a wooden frame, which resembled a pair of saddlebags, only larger. From 30 to 40 gallons of water were carried by each pack animal. From two to six horses or mules, attended by laborers, were kept at work on a single logging claim, filling barrels along the skid roads and snaking trails. One man usually handled two animals. Some water packers used "dope," a mixture of cheap tallow and tar instead of water. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 39.
91. Redwood and Lumbering in California, pp. 48-49. The gypsy was patented in 1882. By the use of snatch blocks and the gypsy, logs could be pulled in any direction. If the logs refused to start, the donkey was made fast to a stump, and it could exert sufficient power to break a five-inch manila line. Ibid., p. 43.
94. Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
95. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 50.
96. Ibid., p. 51; Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
97. Pacific Coast Wood & Iron (1888).
98. Ibid.; Redwood and Lumbering in California, pp. 52-54. The cars had a capacity of one large log, two medium sized ones, or three small ones.
99. Redwood and Lumbering in California, p. 55.
100. The Titans, p. 6; Thornbury, California Redwoods, pp. 40-41; Personal Interview, Childs with Bearss, April 23, 1969.
102. and 103. Personal Interview, Childs with Bearss, April 23 1969.
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