PECOS From Folsom to Fogelson: The Cultural Resources Inventory Survey of Pecos National Historical Park

PECOS ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1997 SITE DATA FORM MANUAL

CHECKLISTS

Site stake, map location, aerial photo, site map, photos, survey form, artifact density form: Enter a "check" in front of the tasks that have been completed, and "-" for those that don't apply.

Lithic form, ceramic form, glass form, metal form, miscellaneous historic form: Enter a number indicating how many of each form type were completed or "-" for those that don't apply.

Collections: Enter a number indicating how many items were collected or "-" for those that don't apply.

Start/Finish Time (no data entry): This will be used to determine total recording time (to be entered by lab person in "Total Time" under Registration Data below). Enter start and finish time for recording the site using military time (1200/1430). Start time reflects when you arrive on the site; finish time when all recording tasks (including pinflag retrieval) are done and you are ready to move on. If recording spans more than one day, show both recording episodes. Subtract lunchtime/downtime from finish time so that the lab person doesn't have to wonder about it (if you were on the site from 900 to 1315 with a 30 minutes off for lunch—show start/finish as 900/1245).

Shaded areas: indicate information that will be completed in the lab.

REGISTRATION DATA:

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* needed for NMCRIS form

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* PECO # (4 char): Enter number (following the prefix PECO) as assigned by the crew chief. This number will serve as the permanent park number; it will be marked on the site stake and serve as the reference number for all park records. The PECO field number should be written on the top of all recording form pages and used for labelling all associated documentation (topo maps, planviews, photo logs etc.). When rerecording sites—if a PECO # has been previously assigned, that number should be maintained. In instances where several previously recorded PECO sites are rerecorded as a single site, the newly recorded site should be assigned only one of the previous PECO #s, however, all the PECO #s should be listed under "Previous site numbers/names" in the "Previous Investigation" section so that those site records can be cross referenced. If the site was previously recorded using another temporary/field numbering system and/or LA number, it will still require a PECO number.

* LA # (7 char): This refers to the Laboratory of Anthropology site number. For newly recorded sites, LA # will be assigned at a later date and should be left blank. For previously recorded sites with existing LA #s, the previously assigned LA # should be entered here. If two or more previously recorded LA sites are being rerecorded as one site, only one of the LA #s should be maintained, however, all LA #s should be listed under "Previous site numbers/names" in the "Previous Investigation" section so that those site records can be cross referenced.

* Site name (30 char): If the site has been named (e.g., Dick's Ruin, North Pueblo) enter the information here. If more than one name exists, show the most prominent here; list others in "Previous Investigations" section.

Park unit (2 char):

FL Forked Lightning Ranch
CM Core Monument
PR Pigeon Ranch
JR Johnson's Ranch

Survey area # (2 char): preassigned number used to identify the survey area (get # off of project area map).

Management unit: Leave blank for now; to be established by PNHP.

* Recorders (15 char): Enter three initials for each crew member, list crew chief first (TVZ/JMV/GLH/MIS).

* Date (7 date): Recording date by day, first 3 letters of month, last two digits of year (10JUN93).

Total Time (5 num): Total time in minutes. Lab person will do.

LOCATIONAL DATA:

* State (2 char): NM has been filled in for you

* County (10 char): San Miguel has been filled in for you

* Quad (13 char): Pecos 1961 has been filled in for you

* Aerial photo (5 char): Enter the flight line and frame number (e.g., 4-6, 3-11). Try to use the aerial photo that will put the site as close to the center of the photo as possible. Outline the site boundary on the aerial and place an "x" on the site stake location. If a roomblock is present, show the outline of the structure with a dashed line. Label site using the PECO # (just the number, you don't have to precede with "PECO").

* UTM (2/7/8 char): The zone is 13, which is filled in for you. The easting and northing should be left blank to be filled in later. Do not enter information from the GPS unit—this location is inaccurate until it can be corrected in the lab.

* GPS (1 char): indicate Y or N to indicate if UTM is GPS generated.

* Meridian (4 char): This is filled in for you—NMPM

* Township. Range Section. 1/4, 1/4, 1/4 (2 char ea): T15N, R12E applies to all the Forked Lightning Ranchlands and has been filled in; the 1/4 sections will be filled in later by lab person.

* Location (500 char): Provide a brief description of the site's location using named landmarks whenever possible (e.g., located along a piñon-juniper covered terrace 150m south of the mouth of Glorieta Creek and 20m west of the Pecos River. The eastern edge of the site coincides with the bedrock terrace rim; an old two-track road intersects the western edge of the site). Even if there are no prominent landmarks close by to tie into, describe the site location in reference to the closest landmark (e.g., The site lies on the north edge of an unnamed east-west arroyo within an open bulldozed area. The Ranch House lies roughly 1 km north; Shin'po, 1.5 km southwest, is visible from the site). Be consistent in your use of place names. To help with consistency between crews try to use the following terminology:

NM63 — refers to the state road bisecting the park

The Trading Post — Kozlowski's place, now the Resource Management etc. offices

The Ranch House — the big pink house above the river we now call "home"

Forked Lightning Ranch Road — the road that begins at the Trading Post and goes to the ranch house.

South Boundary Road — the dirt road that branches south from the Forked Lightning Ranch Road and continues to the south boundary fence

SITE DESCRIPTION:

* C#/Component # (1 char — already filled in: 1, 2, 3, 4): For the purposes of this recording system, "component" will be used to indicate the cultural/temporal affiliation(s) of the site remains. A site component is comprised of culturally and/or temporally associated features and refuse scatters. A site will be either single or multi-component. At a single component site, all the structures, features, and refuse scatters comprising the site are associated with the same culture group and time period (e.g., two small structures, a checkdam, and a lithic and ceramic scatter with Glaze I sherds would be recorded as one component dating 1315-1425). A multi-component site would contain spatially associated features of different cultural and/or temporal associations (e.g., Component 1 — a small structure with Glaze I sherd scatter, dated 1315-1425; Component 2 — a firehearth in association with a nondiagnostic lithic scatter, date unknown; and Component 3 — historic wood debris and trash including sanitary seal cans, dating post-1900). In instances where an occupational hiatus is evident across a site, only one component need be identified, however two sets of dates should be entered in the subsequent "Dates" field.

Component numbers must always be entered on the top of the "Feature" and "Refuse Scatter" pages (and any continuation pages associated with them) and whenever referencing/labelling a feature or refuse scatter in other sections of the form, in comments, on the site map, photo log, and/or on artifact labels (e.g., 1-01-01, 2-23-01).

* Culture/Cultural Affiliation (21 char): List the cultural affiliation of each component recorded; the possibilities are as follows:

Paleoindian
Archaic
Basketmaker
Puebloan
Plains
Apache
Native American — specific culture group and/or temporal association is unknown.
Euroamerican
Spanish
Anglo
Unknown
Other — use for any cultural affiliation not listed above (write in)

* Date (4 char fields — 5 char ea): Estimate beginning and end dates based upon diagnostic indicators. If a hiatus in occupation is indicated at a single feature or group of features, show two sets of dates (see component discussion above).

Confidence (1 char): Confidence in date assignment

1 Low
2 Moderate
3 High

* Component Type (26 char): Choose one — if you feel compelled to list more than one, be aware that only the first one will be entered into the database, so write the most significant type first.

Communal Pueblo Pueblo Small structure(s) Possible structure Unknown structure Tipi ring(s) Kiva Shrine Rockshelter Storage Architectural feature Hearth

Fire/roasting feature(s) Unknown rock feature(s) Agricultural feature(s) Bedrock feature(s) Lithic and ceramic scatter Ceramic scatter Lithic scatter Quarry Rock art/inscriptions Homestead Campsite Euroamerican structure(s) Church

Ranching feature(s) Euroamerican trash scatter Trash dump(s) Trail(s) Road(s) Other (describe)

* Site Summary (500 char): Brief narrative summary describing the site. Be succinct and clear. Basically it is to give anyone perusing the form an idea of what's there without reading the whole form (e.g., "The rubble remains of a two-room structure with associated sparse lithic and ceramic scatter and rock alignment of unknown function; these lie within a large dispersed lithic scatter. An old jeep trail runs through the east end of the site with a post-1900 trash scatter along the west edge of the road. The site has been heavily impacted by road construction and vegetation removal"). Use words, not codes.

* Maximum Site Dimensions (2 num fields — 4 num ea): Maximum length x width, paced to nearest meter (no decimals).

* Area (5 num): Square meters, most representative area - in most cases this will be length x width as entered above; however if you aren't using maximum length x width as entered above to figure area, describe how the area was calculated in "Comments". If site is triangular, use 1/2 L x W and note in "Comments"

* Criteria (3 char): Rationale for assigning site size, can have 2 entries (e.g., 1/2)

1	Extent of archeological features and artifacts
2	Topographic features (based on limits of topographic features, e.g., mesa rim, erosional features)
3	Disturbance (based on modern activities, development, disturbance)
4	Other (specify)

* Subsurface Potential (1 char): Maximum subsurface potential.

0	There are no subsurface materials, site is surficial
1	Subsurface materials are likely/present, but shallow (<10cm)
2	Subsurface materials are likely/present to moderate depths (<50 cm)
3	Subsurface materials are likely/present to substantial depths (>50cm)
4	Subsurface materials are likely/present, but extent of depth is unknown
5	Other (specify)

This estimate is based on observations of site soil deposition and topographic location or feature depth unless otherwise noted in comments (other possible indicators include cutbank profiles, burrowing, excavation, roadcuts). If subsurface potential is measurable (i.e., using mound height, the profile of an arroyo cut) enter measurable extent in comments).

Comments (350 char) Use this space to comment on dimensions, site area, site depth, and criteria

FEATURES:

Features (structures, minor features, refuse scatters) should be described and grouped by component — therefore, if you have a multicomponent site, you will need to fill out a separate Structure/Minor feature page and Refuse Scatter page for each component (if applicable). Make sure the appropriate component number — 1, 2, etc. — is filled in at the top of each page.

* Type (2 char): see Glossary for definitions/usage.

Structures 01 Communal pueblo (100+ rooms) 02 Pueblo (6-99 rooms) 03 Small structure (1-5 rooms) 04 Tipi ring/stone circle 05 Rockshelter (w/architecture or modification) 06 Pitstructure 07 Kiva 08 Shrine 09 Euroamerican structure 10 Outbuilding, not further specified 11 Unknown depression 12 Unknown structure 13 Possible structure (rubble/debris/mound) 14 Other structure (specify — e.g., torreon, mill, outhouse, dugout/rootcellar, church) Architectural Features 20 Wall 21 Stone circle (unknown function) 22 Storage unit/cist 23 Windbreak 24 Other architectural feature (specify — e.g., tent anchors, gameblind, plaza) Fire-related features 30 Firepit/hearth 31 Ash and/or charcoal deposit/stain 32 Firecracked rock concentration 33 Firecracked rock, burned adobe 34 Other fire feature (specify — e.g., horno, kiln, roasting pit) Unknown/Other Rock Features 40 Rock alignment (nonagricultural) 41 Rock concentration/scatter 42 Vertical/upright slab(s) 43 Cairn 45 Quarry (building material) 46 Quarry (clay) 47 Other rock feature (specify)

Agricultural/Water Control/Ranching Features 50 Terrace 51 Checkdam 52 Grid garden 53 Ditch/acequia 54 Reservoir/catchment 55 Corral 56 Pen 57 Fence 58 Other agricultural/water control/ranching feature (specify — e.g., well, orchard, trough) Bedrock features 60 Natural shelter (unmodified) 61 Grinding area 62 Sharpening area 63 Petroglyphs/Pictographs — rock art 64 Inscriptions 65 Other bedrock feature (specify — e.g., bedrock mortar, beam socket, post hole, bedrock pit) Trails. Roads 70 Hand/toeholds 71 Trail 72 Steps/stairs 73 Road 74 Two track/wagon track 75 trail/road feature (specify — bridge, RR) Other 78 Other feature (specify) 79 Unknown feature (specify)

If you use any of the "other" categories, be sure to describe in comments and label next to number entered in "Type" box (i.e, 58 - well).

No./Number (2 char): 01 to Each feature will be numbered, this number serving as its "official" designation, e.g., if you have two tipi rings and one hearth within one component, the tipi rings (04) would be numbered 01 and 02 respectively, and the hearth (30) would be numbered 01. All subsequent reference to each feature (maps, photos, etc.) will use this type-number designator (04-01, 04-02, 30-01) as its identifier. Rock art and inscriptions should be recorded and numbered by panel and total # of elements should be estimated in "Comments". Steps and hand and toeholds should be numbered and described in sets and the total number of steps or hand/toeholds should also be indicated in "Comments".

(Note: we are assuming that all structures will be single story - indicate in "Comments" if otherwise)

Feature Size (2 num fields with 4 num w/1 decimal ea. — 000.0 x 000.0): Length x width of constructed features in meters to nearest tenth — measured with tape. If the feature is circular, enter the diameter and be sure that the shape is entered as "03" (circular). Only measure if boundaries/outer walls are distinct/definable and represent the size of the entire constructed feature, otherwise enter dimensions under the next field "Feature Extent". Feature size might include dimensions of a visible roomblock, standing wall, corral, cairn, or firepit or dimensions of modified bedrock features such as a petroglyph panel or grinding surface. If the feature has deteriorated to the point where its actual dimensions are not measurable, do not enter any size here.

Feature Extent (2 num fields with 4 num w/1 decimal ea. — 000.0 x 000.0) Length x width in meters to nearest tenth of the entire area a feature encompasses — measured with tape (e.g., the extent of a fire-cracked rock concentration, rubble scatter, or area of scattered posts). Complete this field even if the feature size is measurable. For example, if you have a well defined feature such as a one room structure indicated by intact walls with a surrounding rubble scatter, you would enter the roomblock size based on the wall alignments under "Feature Size" above, then measure the entire extent of the feature, encompassing intact walls and scattered rubble, and enter that value here. We are hoping that by collecting both measurements whenever possible, we may be able to obtain enough data to extrapolate feature size in some instances where only feature extent is apparent. In instances where the feature size is the same as feature extent, enter the dimensions in both fields, even if redundant. Feature Extent should always have a value!

Shape (2 char):This for constructed shape, use indeterminate if can't tell

01 Rectangular	05 D-shaped	09 Arcuate
02 Square	06 U-shaped	10 Irregular
03 Circular	07 L-shaped	99 Indeterminate/Unknown
04 Oval	08 Linear

Wall Ht (4 num): Maximum wall height in centimeters; measured with tape. Measure only standing wall remains. For rockshelter structures, measure constructed wall height if available and include bedrock walls/ceiling height in "Comments" section.

# CRS/Number of Courses (2 num): Number of courses measured for the maximum wall height. If you have entered data ≥1, there should also be an entry in "Wall Height".

Mound Ht (3 num): Height above pgs — measure to the best of your ability in centimeters.

Depth (3 num): in centimeters; depth below present ground surface (do not include mound height). Would use in instances where there is a depression or cultural materials exposed by previous excavation or disturbance. Do not leave blank — enter 999 if depth is unknown, 000 if the feature is surficial.

Rooms visible (3 num): In reference to structures, indicate the number of visible rooms. A visible room is identified by two or more standing walls or wall alignments. Enter 0 if none.

Rooms estimated (3 num): In reference to structures, the total number of rooms estimated for a given structure including those that are visible and those that are inferred from the size and form of rubble area and any visible alignments. For example, if one room is visible but the rubble area is too large to be a single room, estimate as best you can how many rooms are there, recognizing that the estimate lacks the same degree of confidence that visible rooms have. Can use 999 if there is absolutely no way to estimate room count. Both "Rooms visible" and "Rooms estimated" should be filled in.

Construction (8 char): Can list up to three types if applicable, list dominant type first (e.g., 01/06/13). This data should reflect original feature construction, not present condition. If you are not dealing with a constructed feature, enter n/a (i.e., ash stain, FCR scatter, trail).

01 Coursed masonry 02 Uncoursed/piled masonry 03 Masonry, indeterminate construction 04 Single course 05 Vertical slab(s) 06 Jacal 07 Adobe 08 Probably adobe 09 Excavated 10 Natural shelter

11 Ground 12 Pecked 13 Painted (pictographs, inscriptions) 14 Incised 15 Log construction 16 Frame construction 17 Upright posts 18 Other — (specify) 99 Unknown/indeterminate (describe in "Comments")

Fabric (8 char): Can list 3 types if applicable, list dominant type first. Definitions of sandstone types are presented below.

01 Shaped sandstone, not further specified 02 Shaped limestone 03 Shaped mixed stone 04 Shaped other stone (specify) 11 Unshaped sandstone, not further specified 12 Unshaped limestone 13 Unshaped mixed stone 14 Cobbles 15 Unshaped other (specify) 16 Boulders, sandstone 17 Boulders, limestone 18 Boulders, other (specify)

21 Bedrock — sandstone, not further specified 22 Bedrock — limestone 23 Bedrock — other (specify) 27 Firecracked rock 28 Earth/soil 29 Mortar/adobe 30 Vegetal material 31 Wood (natural) 32 Milled lumber 33 Concrete 34 Metal 35 Other (describe in comments) 99 Unknown

Note: There are several types of sandstone available within the Pecos Valley. The following descriptions have been compiled for Pecos Pueblo and may match what you are seeing. If so, note the type in the structure/feature comments along with estimates of the nearest outcrop of that type. If none of these types match, don't use them.

Type 1 — dark reddish-gray micaceous siltstone
Type 2 — pink arkosic sandstone with large soft sandstone and light gray feldspar pebble inclusions.
Type 3 — coarse reddish brown micaceous sandstone
Type 4 — pink micaceous medium to very coarse sandstone
Type 5 — pink-white nonmicaceous medium grained sandstone

Association (11 char): Type and number of refuse scatter this feature is functionally/spatially associated with; can enter two scatters. If the feature is not associated with a particular scatter, enter 00-00 as the association.

Stability (7 char): Use three digits to describe feature stability, integrity, and threat.

The first digit will be a 1 (stable) or a 2 (unstable)

The second digit will be 0 (no threat), 1 (minimal threat), 2 (moderate threat) or 3 (significant threat).

The third digit will be a 0 (little remains), 1 (mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains), 2 (wall remnants/alignments, or 3 (standing/intact remains).

Possible combinations are listed below:

Stable — no active threat

100 Stable — no threat, very little remains, just not much left (of surface or subsurface feature)
101 Stable — no threat to mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains
102 Stable — no threat to wall remnants/alignments
103 Stable — no threat to standing/intact feature

Stable — minimal threat

110 Stable — minimal threat — very little remains, just not much left (of surface or subsurface feature)
111 Stable — minimal threat — mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains
112 Stable — minimal threat — wall remnants/alignments
113 Stable — minimal threat — standing/intact feature

Unstable — minimal threat

210 Unstable — minimal threat — very little remains (of surface or subsurface feature)
211 Unstable — minimal threat — mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains
212 Unstable — minimal threat — wall remnants/alignments
213 Unstable — minimal threat — standing/intact feature

Unstable moderate threat

220 Unstable — moderate threat — very little remains (of surface or subsurface feature)
221 Unstable — moderate threat — mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains
222 Unstable — moderate threat — wall remnants/alignments
223 Unstable — moderate threat — standing/intact feature

Unstable — significant threat

230 Unstable — significant threat — very little remains (of surface or subsurface structure)
231 Unstable — significant threat — mound, rubble, and/or subsurface remains.
232 Unstable — significant threat — wall remnants/alignments
233 Unstable — significant threat — standing/intact structure

(1 char): Check if additional info is presented in "Comments".

Room size (2 num fields, 4 num w/1 decimal ea — 000.0 x 000.0): measurements of interior floor area of each visible room, to a tenth of a meter. Rooms should only be measured if walls/floor limits are discernible — if the room is too poorly preserved to define or project (with confidence) all four walls, don't measure! Number the measured rooms consecutively on the site map and use those numbers when indicating room size. Make sure you write down the number of the feature whose rooms you are measuring (i.e., 03-02: Room 1: 1.2 x 3.3, Room 2: 2.0 x 2.2).

Agricultural Feature/Field size/Slope/Aspect (4 fields — 5 char/5 num/2 num/3 num) for each agricultural feature recorded, indicate the potential agricultural area defined (in m²), the slope of that area (degrees, use clinometer), and the aspect (i.e., SE, NNW, 5, etc.). There may be instances where the extent of the field area is unknown despite the presence of a well defined feature. For example you might have two terraces: the lower one, 50-01, defines an area 25m across, 5m wide (width=the space between the lower and upper terrace); therefore the area is 125m². The upper terrace (50-02) is 30m across; the width of the area is unknown, but extends at least 15m back; the area would be 450+. In instances where the field area is totally unknown — enter 999. An example of a completed entry would be: 50-01/125/10/SE. Please be sure to fill this out if you have an agricultural feature, its easy to overlook since you get used to passing over this section.

Comments (250 char): Use this area for any supporting descriptions or explanations of the features. Make sure that you have entered a in the last column of the table — this is to alert future researchers to the fact that additional information pertaining to that feature is provided. When entering information in the "Comments", section, be sure to cross reference any narrative by prefacing the comment with the feature type and number (e.g., 01-01: despite the very sparse rubble, the NE corner was visible above the low mound).

REFUSE SCATTERS:

*Type (2 num):

80 Mixed scatter — lithics and ceramics; both lithics and ceramics are well represented, neither form an overly dominant part of the artifact assemblage; 20%-80% lithics and 20%-80% ceramics. Determination of the percentage of ceramics:lithics within the scatter will be an estimate based on site observations as well as the results of the grid count and sampling procedures when applicable.
81 Ceramic dominant lithic and ceramic scatter — at least 80% of the artifacts are ceramics (<20% are lithic). Even if you only have a few lithics on an otherwise extensive ceramic scatter, you would use this scatter type (i.e., if you have both ceramics and lithics in your analytical sample, you must record the scatter as lithic and ceramic).
82 Lithic dominant lithic and ceramic scatter — at least 80% of the artifacts are lithics (<20% are ceramic ceramic). Even if you only have a few ceramics on an otherwise extensive lithic scatter, you would use this scatter type (i.e., if you have both lithics and ceramics in your analytical sample, you must record the scatter as lithic and ceramic).
83 Ceramic scatter
84 Lithic scatter
85 Pot drop
86 Lithic quarry
87 Euroamerican trash scatter — Euroamerican (i.e., glass, cans, metal, and/or wood)
88 Trash dump (Euroamerican)
89 Isolated occurrence — when isolated artifact type occurs within site boundary (i.e., diagnostic projectile point within an historic site). Make sure you show location on site map.
90 Other (i.e., midden, trash mound)

No./Number (2 num): 01 to Each refuse scatter will be numbered sequentially according to type — e.g., if there are 2 pot drops, they would be 85-01 and 85-02; one ceramic scatter would be numbered 83-01. The type and number will then serve as the various scatters' official designation, all subsequent reference to these scatters (maps, comments, etc.) will use this type-number designator as the identifier (85-01, 85-02, 83-01).

Dimensions (2 num fields — 4 num ea): Maximum length x width to nearest meter (no decimals) — can be paced.

Depth (3 num): Maximum suspected depth in centimeters; if depth is suspected but extent is unknown enter 999, if scatter is surficial enter 0 (not n/a)

Stability (1 num): Use the following:

1 Stable — no active erosion 2 Stable — minimal erosion

3 Unstable — minimal erosion 4 Unstable — moderate erosion 5 Unstable — significant erosion

(1 char): Check if additional info is presented in comments on site form. Note: there is space provided on the individual artifact field inventory sheets (ceramic, lithic, historic artifacts) for specific assemblage remarks.

Comments (250 char): Use this area for any supporting descriptions or explanations of the scatters. Make sure that you have entered a in the last column of the table — this is to alert future researchers to the fact that additional information pertaining to that scatter is provided. When entering information in the "Comments", section, be sure to cross reference any narrative by prefacing the comment with the scatter type and number (e.g., 80-01 and 80-02 were defined as separate scatters based on the presence of NM63 cutting through the center of the site).

SAMPLING:

This section refers to sampling for the purpose of conducting on-site artifact analysis. The specifics of the on-site artifact analyses are discussed in the individual artifact analysis manuals (ceramics, lithics, historic artifacts). The sampling information recorded below should coincide with the information provided on the individual artifact inventory records. (This section will be used to described artifact analysis sampling; density data will be entered on a separate "Density Grid" page that will be added to the site record).

Feature Sampled (5 char): Enter the type and number of the feature being sampled (e.g. 81-01). You do not need to use the component number here since it is already at the top of the page.

Sample No. (2 num): The number of the sample area. The sample areas will be numbered sequentially per feature (e.g., 81-01 might have two samples — 01 and 02; and 81-02 might have one sample — 01).

Sample Type (1 num):

1 Lithic and ceramic 2 Lithic only 3 Ceramic only

4 Mixed trash (Euro-american) 5 Glass only 6 Metal only

7 Other (specify)

Representation of Scatter (1 num):

1 Sample of scatter within gridded transect
2 Sample of scatter outside of gridded transect
3
4 Entire scatter — use if the entire scatter is picked up for analysis as one sample
5 Judgmental sample
NA Use for items of interest outside of samples

Dimensions (num): dimensions of sampled area, length x width to tenth of a meter. If several individual grid squares (i.e., 5) are included in one sample can indicate as (5)2 x 2. If a circular area (dogleash method), provide dimension as radius. (Note: dogleash area with a radius of 5.65m ~100m²).

Area (3 num): area of sample unit in square meters.

(1 char): Check if additional info is presented in "Comments".

Sampling Comments (750 char): If necessary, use to describe observations/decisions that directed your sampling approach (e.g., 80-01: Two separate sample areas were defined in order to analyze the artifacts in the immediate vicinity of the structure, separate from those in the surrounding scatter. Since there was no clear drop off or distinct density change boundary, an arbitrary distance of 5m from the structure limits was used to define Sample 1). You don't need to describe methods if you followed "standard operating procedures".

DENSITY GRIDS (insert density page after scatter page of form)

Density Grid data will be entered on a separate page to be inserted into the site form (when applicable). Guidelines for when and how to implement the density counts are discussed in the lithic and ceramic manuals.

Feature (5 char): Enter the type and number of scatter being counted (you do not need to show the component number as it has been entered at the top of the page)

Density datum location (2 num fields, 3 num ea): Distance in meters and bearing from the site datum.

Grid Size (2 num fields, 2 num ea.): Size of grid square (L x W) or radius of dog leash (indicate radius measurement with an "R"). Note: a 5.65 m radius produces a 100 m² area

Grid Square # (2 num): List each of the randomly selected grid square numbers in this column; one unit per line.

Sample # (2 num): If the density grid square unit was also used for an analytical sample, enter the corresponding sample number here.

Counts (3 num): Enter the artifact counts per grid square.

Comments (250 char): Use this space to denote aspects of the unit that might affect artifact counts (i.e., ground cover, if only part of the unit falls within the scatter boundary, etc.) Also use this space to note if any collected artifacts were from this unit.

Schematic drawing/sketch map: This drawing will be used to record the density grid layout and hopefully will help you in implementing the various associated field activities. It is meant to be a sketch map, you don't need to be overly concerned with scale or precision, but make sure you've correctly entered the random bearing information and grid size at the top of the page.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DATA:

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^needed for ASMIS

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^ Site condition (1 num): Overall condition of the site based on the cumulative effect of all on-site impacts.

0 No damage
1 Low — minimal damage/displacement/loss
2 Moderate — significant damage/displacement/loss
3 High — severe damage/displacement/loss
4 Total loss/completely destroyed

^ Threat to site (1 num): Evaluate the severify of the overall threat to the site

0 None
1 Low - minimal, not yet resulting in significant damage to the site
2 Moderate - presently or will soon cause significant site damage
3 High - presently or will soon cause major site damage
4 Total loss or collapse imminent

* % of Site Intact (num): Estimate percent of site intact; from 0 (totally destroyed) to 100% (totally intact)

* % Surface Visibility (num): Amount of site surface visible through vegetative or other kinds of cover (intrusive fill, pavement)

Soil erosion

Soil pedestal height (2 num): maximum height in cm.

Channel/Gully depth (3 num): maximum depth in cm

% Sheet wash (3 num): percent of site area susceptible to sheet wash

* Site impacts: For each type of impact (see list provided on form) that has occurred/is occurring at the site, show the extent of site affected by the impact/ the degree of damage/ and the future threat (i.e., 3/2/1). You only need to fill in those impacts that apply, leaving the rest blank.

Extent (1 field, 7 char): Use this field to indicate the per cent site area(s) that have been/are being affected. Use the following codes:

0	0%, none affected	3	50-74% affected
1	1-24% affected	4	75-99% affected
2	25-49% affected	5	100% affected

^ Damage (1 char): severity of the damage/loss of integrity that has taken place

0 No damage
1 Low (minimal) damage/displacement/loss
2 Moderate damage/displacement/loss
3 High (severe) damage/displacement/loss
4 Total loss/completely destroyed

^ Threat (1 char): Seriousness of continued threat from the impact

0 Not active - no longer/not a threat
1 Low - minimal, not yet resulting in significant damage to the site (>10 yrs)
2 Moderate - presently or will soon cause significant site damage (3 to 10 yrs)
3 High - presently or will soon cause major site damage (<3 yrs)
4 Total loss or collapse expected (<1 yr)

For example if the entire site has been heavily impacted by historic grazing, enter 5/3/0 alongside livestock; if only one of the four features/scatters is being actively impacted by channel erosion, you would enter 2/2/2 alongside channel erosion.

Note: "Veg removal" refers to the bulldozing/clearing of vegetation as seen across large areas of the ranch.

"Artifact collection" - this refers to unauthorized and authorized collection (i.e. if the site has been previously recorded and sampled). "Other" write ins might include: woodcutting, soil creep, trail. List and evaluate each "other" write in separately.

SITE EVALUATION:

This section is for recording a site's eligibility for the National Register and its potential to yield further information for research and interpretation.

* National Register (1 num): eligibility recommendations

1 Not eligible
2 Eligible
3 Unknown/need data

* Criteria (7 char): Enter all applicable criteria

* Basis (2 char): This field was devised to meet NMCRIS requests for: 1) why the site was found to meet the eligibility criteria; or 2) why the site was recommended as ineligible; or 3) why the site was evaluated as unknown and what additional information is needed.

If you recommended the site as Eligible - Choose the relevant areas of significance:

01 Agriculture 02 Architecture 03 Archeology-prehistoric 04 Archeology-historic-aboriginal 05 Archeology-historic-nonaboriginal 06 Commerce 07 Community Planning 08 Conservation 09 Economics

10 Ethnic Heritage - Hispanic 11 Ethnic Heritage - Native American 12 Ethnic Heritage - European 13 Exploration/Settlement 14 Military 15 Religion 16 Transportation 17 Other*†

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†Other possibilities are: Art, Communications, Education, Engineering, Entertainment/Recreation, Health/Medicine, Industry, Invention, Landscape Architecture, Law, Literature, Performing Arts, Philosophy, Politics/Government, Science, Social History.

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If you recommended the site as Ineligible:

20 Little to no site integrity
21 Little to no information value
22 Other (specify)

If you recommended the site as Unknown:

30 Need to determine presence of subsurface materials
31 Need additional information (records search, check previous collections)
32 Other (specify)

Significance (1 num): Can the site be considered significant based upon its individual potential to contribute to the archeological record, or only when viewed in the context of a district or collective of sites.

1 Individual

2 Collective

Research Potential (1 char): Assessment of research potential - consider database size, preservation, uniqueness, and dating potential in making this evaluation.

0 None	2 Moderate
1 Low	3 High

* Dating (1 char): The dating potential of the individual dating methods presented.

0 None	2 Likely/good possibility
1 Possible but doubtful	3 Certain

Interpretive potential (1 char): Assessment of interpretive potential - consider information value, uniqueness, and visual integrity of the site.

0 None	2 Moderate
1 Low	3 High

Site visibility: (1 char ea): Site visibility, as it pertains to visitors, from within the site boundaries and offsite 30m

0 None	2 Moderate
1 Low	3 High

Site access (1 num): enter the distances to paved road, dirt road, river (other is optional). When indicating distance to the closest paved road (NM63 or La Joya), be sure to circle which one you are measuring to. For other, don't forget to write in what you are using (i.e., north park boundary, interpretive trail, admin, ranch house, trading post, - 25, Santa Fe Trail)

1 0-20m	3 101-300m	5 501-1000m
2 21-100m	4 301-500m	6 >1000m

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS:

Recommendations: Check () all applicable recommendations, enter "E" if its an emergency situation (needs attention within 6 months).

No further work - the site does not require any further work or management consideration under present conditions.

Records search - Conduct background research (primarily pertaining to historic sites); e.g., literature search, oral history, ethnographic research, review of early plats and maps

Collection analysis - analyze/evaluate previous collections for additional artifact data

Collect/test/excavate to mitigate - for actively eroding/threatened sites - mitigate loss via data recovery

Test for i.d. - for features/sites of questionable cultural origins, test to verify that it is, in fact, a feature/site

Consider for additional research - site is worthy of consideration for additional research

Monitor condition - periodic inspections to track changes in condition due to natural and human causes (ideally all sites are recommended for monitoring, however check this recommendation if the site is higher priority or of greater concern than the "norm").

Stabilize/backfill - for sites that are actively eroding/threatened, mitigate loss via in situ preservation actions (e.g., structural stabilization, reburial)

Erosion control - actions need to be taken to minimize/control soil and water erosion within the site area

Other - specify

Management Comments: (240 char) Any comments concerning any of the above management issues as necessary.

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA:

Physiographic zone (2 num):

1 Pecos Valley 2 Pecos River

3 Tecolote Range 4 Glorieta Corridor

5 Apache Canyon

* Landform (2 char):

01 Ridgetop 02 Ridge slope 03 Saddle 04 Knoll 05 Low rise 06 Flat-gentle slope/plain 07 Talus 08 Bench 09 Cliff face

10 Alluvial Fan 11 Arroyo/Drainage 12 Riverbottom/floodplain 13 Terrace 14 Mesilla top (Mesilla to be used specifically 15 Mesilla slope for Pecos Pueblo vicinity) 16 Other (specify)

* Elevation (4 num): Enter the elevation in feet (nearest 20 foot interval) using the USGS topo quad.

Aspect (3 char): Enter the predominant slope direction of the landform upon which the site is located, use directional abbreviations (N, NNE, NE, etc.). Use 0 (for open) if there is no aspect, e.g., for an area with level topography - a flat mesa top or plain.

Slope° (3 num): Enter the slope of the landform upon which the site is located to the nearest degree. Use the clinometer to measure the slope degrees (the clinometer measures slope in both percentages and degrees, so make sure you are reading the correct side of the dial).

* Soil (4 num): based on general field observations - refer to soil handout for breakdown of soil types. Can enter two if gravel is one of them (e.g., 01/12)

01 Silt loam	05 Sandy silt loam	09 Sandy clay loam	13 Silt
02 Silty clay loam	06 Sand	10 Sandy clay	14 Bedrock
03 Silty clay	07 Loamy sand	11 Clay
04 Clay loam	08 Sandy loam	12 Gravel

* Deposition (5 char): indicate significant depositional or erosional processes that have contributed to the formation of archeological deposits on the site; can enter two (e.g., 01/04)

1 Alluvial	3 Aeolian	5 No deposits - bare bedrock
2 Colluvial	4 Residual	6 Other (specify)

* Vegetation Zone (2 char):

10 Grasslands (<2% tree cover) 13 Grass/Chamisa/Juniper (<10% tree cover) 14 Floodplain meadow 15+ Grass/Juniper (<10% tree cover) 16+ Grass/Piñon/Juniper(<40% tree cover) 17+ Grass/Piñon/Juniper(>40% tree cover) 20 Piñon/Juniper (% tree cover unknown) 21 Piñon/Juniper(<40% tree cover) 22 Piñon/Juniper (>40% tree cover) 23 Piñon/Juniper/Ponderosa/Fir (>40%) 24+ Piñon/Juniper/Ponderosa (<40%) 25+ Piñon/Juniper/Ponderosa (>40%) 26+ Piñon/Juniper/Mt. shrub 27+ Piñon/Juniper/Mt. Shrub/Ponderosa

30 Ponderosa pine/Douglas Fir 31 Ponderosa pine 40 Riparian (mix) 41 Juniper dominant riparian area 42 Deciduous dominant riparian area 43 Grass/forb dominant riparian 60 Rocky outcrop/bare rocks 90 *Other (specify - could include wetland, denuded mudflats + added in 1996

* Nearest Water

Type (2 char): List closest water source using the following codes....

Permanent/Perennial - year round 01 River 02 Creek/Stream (e.g., Glorieta) 03 Spring (flowing) 04 Seep (doesn't flow) Intermittent - seasonal (blue line/on topo) 05 Creek/Stream 06 Spring 07 Seep 08 Natural catchment

Ephemeral (precip/runoff dependent) 09 Wash/arroyo 10 Natural catchment Other 11 Reservoir/constructed catchment 12 Well 13 Cistern 14 Acequia/Ditch

Direction (3 char): Use letter abbreviations - N, NNE, NE, ENE, E, etc.

Distance (4 num): Straight line distance, in meters

* Permanent water - (if the same as nearest water will need to repeat information)

Name (36 char): Write out (e.g., Pecos River, Glorieta Creek, Galisteo Creek. There are also six known springs: Trading Post Spring, Poison Spring, Mud Seep, Cottonwood Spring, Middle Pasture Spring, unnamed spring north of North Pueblo, and other springs may be located as a result of the survey). Crew chiefs will have maps of spring locations

Direction (3 char): Use letter abbreviations - N, NNE, NE, ENE, E, etc.

Distance (4 num): Straight line distance in meters

PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS:

* Other site numbers/names (40 char): Enter any other site names or numbers assigned during previous recording or research efforts, including the present LA number. If combining two or more previously recorded sites, make sure all site numbers are shown

* Project name/date/type (250 char): If the site was previously recorded indicate when and by whom - the name of the project (if there is one), and the reference, if known. Some possible entries are:

1976 Forked Lightning Ranch Survey
1976 Core Monument Survey, rerecorded 1989...1992
1980 Rowe Pueblo Reconnaissance Survey
1984 Rowe Project Site Survey
1969 (or 1970) Univ of Nebraska Survey
1991 (or 1993) State Road 63 Survey
1994 State Road 63 Testing

* Site marker (75 char): Describe the type and location of any previously placed site markers; show location on site map (make sure you differentiate between old site marker and newly placed site stakes in map key).

* Collections (250 char): Indicate if site was previously collected and how; where the collection is, if known. If collections were taken, remember to consider "Artifact Collection" in the "Impacts" section and to consider "Collection analysis" in the "Management Recommendations".

Comments (500 char): Additional comments as necessary - note and explain differences between the original recording of the site and the present recording.

PHOTOGRAPHS: This record is in addition to the Photo Record sheet.

* Roll No. (9 char): enter the film roll number. The film will be numbered for you (check film canister and film casing). The number will be prefaced by "PECO", which has been filled in for you on the form; then a B (for black and white) or C (for color) followed by sequential numbers; i.e., B1, B2, B3, or Cl, C2, C3, etc. Each crew will carry one B/W camera every day in the field; a color slide camera will be rotated among crews.

* Exposure number (2 char): Shot number as indicated by the photo log (1-36), not the counter on the camera. Always write down photos even if they are mistakes...

ICRC# (5? char): To be assigned later

View (3 char): Direction of photo shot - N, NNE, NE, E etc.

Subject (100 char): A brief description of what was photographed; doesn't need to be detailed since the photo log will serve as the main reference for this information (i.e., do not include descriptive info like "north arrow in right foreground" or "LJK sitting under tree to left" - this should go in the photo log). Also, unlike the photo log which should include both the feature name and number, you only need to use the feature name in this description (i.e.. small structure) unless you need to distinguish between two features of the same type, in which case. include the number as well (i.e., small structure 03-02). This information will be used by people unfamiliar to our coding system.

COLLECTIONS:

FS# (4 num): assigned in lab

Artifact Code (3 char) - use same code as artifact inventory form:

For lithics put function and tech type (use 243 for mineral specimen)
For ceramics type and form
For historic class and function

Component # (1 char): 1, 2, 3 etc.

Feature (5 char): The type and number of the feature that the artifact was collected from (e.g., 80-01)

Sample # (2 char): If collected from within a sample area enter the sample area number (e.g., 01).

Description (30 char): Use standardized terminology, the artifact description should be general to specific. Include any labelling or numbering system you might have utilized in the field or on the site map. Always describe from general to specific being consistent in your terminology. Use the terminology presented below when applicable:

sherd, Santa Fe B/W, bowl body,
sherd, Glaze, jar rim
projectile point, corner notched, chert, pp1
drill, expanding base, obsidian-Jemez

Don't forget to analyze the collected artifacts and enter the data on the analysis forms. Be sure to note the collections on the site map and on the applicable artifact form. If there are multiple artifacts of the same type, make sure they are numbered consistently here, on the artifact tag, on the site map, and on the analysis form.

ASSEMBLAGE CHECKLIST

Assemblage Data: This information is needed for the NMCRIS form. Place an entry by each category noting the presence - "" or absence - of each artifact type at the site.

Assemblage size: Enter one of the following for each category. If less than 100, include count (in parenthesis).

0	None	3	101-1000
1	1-10	4	1001-10,000
2	11-100	5	>10,000