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A Study of the Park and Recreation Problem of the United States



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Cover

Contents

Foreword

Supplemental Foreword

Introduction

Recreational Habits and Needs

Aspects of Recreational Planning

Present Public Outdoor Recreational Facilities

Administration

Financing

Legislation

A Park and Recreational Land Plan





A Study of the Park and Recreation Problem of the United States
National Park Service Arrowhead

Contents

COVER

FOREWORD

SUPPLEMENTAL FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I: RECREATIONAL HABITS AND NEEDS

Population Characteristics
Limiting Factors
Outdoor Recreational Trends
Recreational Requirements

CHAPTER II: ASPECTS OF RECREATIONAL PLANNING

Population and the Raw Materials of Recreation
Recreation as an Element of Land Planning
Recreational Area System Planning
Recreational Area Planning

CHAPTER III: PRESENT PUBLIC OUTDOOR RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

City and County Provisions for Recreation
The States in the Field of Recreation
Federal Lands and Recreation

CHAPTER IV: ADMINISTRATION

Organization
Selection, Planning, and Development
Operation and Maintenance
Organization and Encouragement of Use
Personnel
The Budget
Public Relations
Interagency Coordination and Cooperation

CHAPTER V: FINANCING

History of Financing Recreation
Present Situation
Basic Support—Tax Funds
Financing State Park Systems
Cooperative Financing
Gifts and Donations
Nonprofit Corporations
Important Considerations

CHAPTER VI: LEGISLATION

Background
Federal Legislation
History of State Park Legislation
Present Status of State Park Legislation
Interstate Compacts
Enabling Legislation for Local Units of Government
Elements of Desirable Legislation

A PARK AND RECREATIONAL LAND PLAN FOR THE UNITED STATES

The Plan
Responsibility for Execution
State Recreation Maps

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary


DOI logo
CCC logo
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
JAMES J. McENTEE, Director

ADVISORY COUNCIL

Brigadier General JAMES A. ULIO
Representing the Secretary of War

CONRAD L. WIRTH
Representing the Secretary of the Interior

FRED MORRELL
Representing the Secretary of Agriculture

CHESLEY W. BAILEY
Representing Veterans' Administration

Index of Illustrations

Frontispiece. (Elliot Lyman Fisher photo)

FIGURE—Roaring River Falls, Kings Canyon National Park. (Ansel Adams photo)

FIGURE 1.—The human wealth of the United States is composed of many racial backgrounds. (Los Angeles Playground and Recreation Department photo)

FIGURE 2.—Map of the United States showing population per square mile by counties, 1930. (Bureau of Census, Department of Commerce map)

FIGURE 3.—Map of the United States showing distribution of rural and urban population and their totals in relation to land areas by regions for 1890, 1930, 1960

FIGURE 4.—Pictochart—Comparison of certain age groups for 1900, 1935, and 1975

FIGURE 5.—Pictograph—Leisure time is increasing

FIGURE 6.—Automobiles and recreation—Where they are and how far they go

FIGURE 7.—Park visitors in four midwestern States—their origin and ratio to population by zones of use—Wisconsin, Michigan, Iowa, Missouri

FIGURE 8.—Vacation time—A magic carpet whisking us away from work-a-day tasks. (New York City Department of Parks photo included)

FIGURE 9.—Distribution of family income in the United States—by income level, 1935—36

FIGURE 10.—State park visitors—What they like to do and what they do

FIGURE 11.—Comparison of activity programs by types of recreational systems

FIGURE 12.—The United States is rich in recreational resources of the land. (Photos by Hileman and by Moulin included)

FIGURE 13.—History and archeology are important aspects of a recreational program. (Ray V. Davis photo included

FIGURE 14.—Wildlife—An invaluable recreational resource. (Photos by Hileman and by Moulin included)

FIGURE 15.—The human wealth should not be forgotten (Photos included from Virginia Conservation Commission, United States Housing Authority, Washington, D. C., Times-Herald)

FIGURE 16.—Opportunities for healthful recreation conserve the human wealth

FIGURE. Mt. Rainier from Mirror Lake, Mt. Rainier National Park. (Asahel Curtis photo)

FIGURE 17.—National recreational resources

FIGURE 18.—More water recreational areas should be in public ownership

FIGURE 19.—We cannot afford to neglect our resources. (Photos included from Tennessee Valley Authority, J. E. Haynes, Asahel Curtis)

FIGURE 20.—They must be preserved

FIGURE 21. Principal vacation regions. (Florida State Chamber of Commerce photo included)

FIGURE 22.—Sketch of a park

FIGURE. Point Lobos State Park, California. (Schoeb photo)

FIGURE 23.—Functional State conservation and recreation chart

FIGURE 24.—Recreational land and use planning

FIGURE 25.—Shelter and concession building, French Creek Recreational Demonstration Area, Pennsylvania

FIGURE 26.—Contact station, Turkey Run State Park, Indiana

FIGURE 27.—One of the ten cabins overlooking the Potomac River in Westmoreland State Park, Virginia. (Virginia Conservation Commission photo)

FIGURE 28.—Competent leadership is essential to a well-rounded recreational program. (Upper right, R. E. Hollahan photo)

FIGURE 29.—Archery develops sound nerves and a steady eye. (Los Angeles Playground and Recreation Department photo)

FIGURE 30.—Pitching horseshoes is universally popular. (Los Angeles Playground and Recreation Department photo)

FIGURE 31.—Leadership is fruitful in the recreational field

FIGURE 32.—Interior of Fishing Bridge Museum, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

FIGURE 33.—Museum visitors, Cook County Forest Preserve District, Illinois

FIGURE 34.—Seasonal attendance at State parks by days of the week

FIGURE 35.—Relationship of appropriated funds to the number, size, and attendance of the parks and preserves of one State

FIGURE 36.—News of Parks encourages people to use the parks

FIGURE 37.—Large-scale activities require experienced recreational direction. Armstrong Redwoods State Park, California. (Photo by Schoeb)

FIGURE. Vernal Falls—a silvery veil over shadowed cliffs, Yosemite National Park, California

FIGURE 38.—Rocks and surf, Harris Beach State Park, Oregon

FIGURE 39.—Aerial view, Jones Beach State Park, Long Island, New York, showing west bathhouse and swimming pool in foreground. (Long Island State Park Commission photo)

FIGURE 40.—Palisades Interstate Park, New York and New Jersey. (Palisades Interstate Park Commission photo)

FIGURE 41.—On the bridle trail, Cook County Forest Preserve District, Illinois

FIGURE 42.—Canyon of the Yellowstone River and Lower Falls, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

FIGURE 43.—Spruce Tree House, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado

FIGURE 44.—On the beach, Cape Hatteras National Seashore Recreational Area Project, North Carolina

FIGURE 45.—Big Trees of the Mariposa Grove, Yosemite National Park, California

FIGURE 46.—Types of State park agencies

FIGURE 47.—Palisades Interstate Park, New York and New Jersey. (Palisades Interstate Park Commission photo)

FIGURE 48.—Central Park, New York City. (New York City Department of Parks photo)

FIGURE 49.—Recreational system for an urban region

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