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| 1988 |
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| 1995 |
Personal Communication regarding location of archaeological sites in Mount Rainier National
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| 1995 |
Map and notes with approximate map location and description of personally observed prehistoric
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| 1992 |
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| Forrest, James H., Jr. |
| 1989 |
Archaeological Survey of Proposed Road Construction along Highway 410, Mount Rainier
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| Franklin, Jerry F. and C.T. Dyrness |
| 1973 |
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| Fugro Northwest, Inc. |
| 1980 |
Cultural Resource Assessment for the Cowlitz Falls Hydroelectric Project. Submitted to R.W.
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| 1970 |
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| Gustafson, Carl E. |
| 1983 |
Wapiti Populations in and Adjacent to Mount Rainier National Park: Archaeological and
Ethnographic Evidence. Ms. prepared at Washington State University, Department of
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| Gustafson, Carl E., Delbert Gilbow and Richard D. Daugherty |
| 1979 |
The Manis Mastodon Site: Early Man on the Olympic Peninsula. Canadian Journal of
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| Gunther, Erna |
| 1973 |
Ethnobotany of Western Washington, The Knowledge and Use of Indigenous Plants by Native
Americans, Revised Edition. University of Washington Press. Seattle. |
| Hamann, M.J. |
| 1972 |
Vegetation of Alpine and Subalpine Meadows of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington.
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| 1968 |
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| 1988 |
Fire Mountains of the West: The Cascade and Mono Lake Volcanoes. Mountain Press Publishing
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| Hartmann, Glenn D. |
| 1979 |
Test Excavations at Indian Flat, Naches Ranger District, Wenatchee National Forest,
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| 1980a |
Archaeological Test Excavations on Huckleberry Mountain, White River Ranger District,
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| 1980b |
An Archaeological Evaluation of the Kaner Ridge Site 45KT364, Naches Ranger District. Central
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| Hedlund, Gerald C. |
| 1973 |
Background and Archaeology of Inland Cultural Sites at Connel's Prairie, Washington (45PI44
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| 1976 |
Mudflow Disaster. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 10(1):77-89. |
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| 1986 |
Test Excavations of the Naches Lithic Scatter, White River Ranger District,
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| Hedlund, Gerald C., John A. Ross, and Robert K. Sutton |
| 1978 |
A Cultural Resource Overview of the Green River Watershed Area. Washington Archaeological
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| 1982 |
Fire and Other Disturbances of the Forests in Mount Rainier National Park. Quaternary Research
18:32-51. |
| Henderson, Jan Alan |
| 1973 |
Composition, Distribution and Succession of Subalpine Meadows in Mount Rainier National
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| Heusser, Calvin J. |
| 1977 |
Quaternary Palynology of the Pacific Slope of Washington. Quaternary Research 8:282-306. |
| 1983 |
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| Hollenbeck, Jan L. |
| 1987 |
A Cultural Resource Overview: Prehistory, Ethnography and History, Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie
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| Hollenbeck, Jan L. and Susan Carter |
| 1986 |
A Prehistoric and Ethnographic Overview of the Wenatchee National Forest. Wenatchee
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| Jermann, Jerry V., James R. Benson and Dennis Lewarch |
| 1988 |
Archaeological Data Recovery at the McClellan Meadows Site (45SA116). Prepared for Wind
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| 1988 |
The Three Sides of a Biface. American Antiquity 53:717-734. |
| 1995 |
The Foraging Spectrum, Diversity in Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways. Smithsonian Institution Press.
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| Kutsback, J.E. and P.J. Guetter |
| 1986 |
The Influence of Changing Orbital Patterns and Surface Boundary Conditions on Climate
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| 1988 |
Development and Testing of Quantitative Models. In Quantifying the Present and Predicting the
Past, Theory, Method, and Application of Archaeological Predictive Modeling, edited by W.
James Judge and Lynne Sebastian, pp. 325-428. USDI Bureau of Land Management. Denver,
Colorado. |
| Lancefield-Steeves, Phyllis and Janet A. Liddle |
| 1992 |
Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Yuytla (45-LE-413), Southwestern Washington.
USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Randle Ranger District. |
| Landis, Daniel G. and Gordon Lothson |
| 1982 |
Phase II: Intensive Survey, Test Excavation and Evaluation of Fallen Arches Cave Site, 45SA41,
Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Skamania County, Washington. Archaeological and Historical
Services Report No. 100-27, Eastern Washington University Reports in Archaeology and
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| 1993 |
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| 1989 |
Archaeological Data Recovery at the Vine Site (45SA85). Submitted to USDA Forest Service,
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| 1991 |
Long-Term Land Use Patterns in the Southern Washington Cascade Range. Archaeology in
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| 1988 |
Where East Meets West: A Prehistoric Site on the Cowlitz-Yakima Trail. USDA Forest Service,
Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Packwood Ranger District. |
| 1990 |
Significance Evaluation of the Sunrise Saddle Site, 45-SA-114. USDA Forest Service, Gifford
Pinchot National Forest, Randle Ranger District. |
| 1996 |
Personal Communication regarding newly located culturally peeled cedar tree sites on
Mount Rainier National Park's southern boundary with the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. |
| 1997 |
Personal Communication regarding 1997 Mount Rainier archaeological studies. |
| Liddle, Janet A., and Jeffrey A. Markos |
| 1987 |
The Ware Divide Archaeological Site, 45-LE-288: Significance Evaluation. USDA Forest
Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Randle Ranger District. |
| Mack, Cheryl A. |
| 1992 |
Report of Archaeological Testing at the Ice Cave Site (45SA301), Gifford Pinchot National
Forest. Mt. Adams Ranger District, Gifford Pinchot National Forest. Vancouver, Washington. |
| 1993 |
Report of Archaeological Testing at the Pointless Site (45SA300), Gifford Pinchot National
Forest. Mt. Adams Ranger District, Gifford Pinchot National Forest. Vancouver, Washington. |
| 1996 |
A Summary of Archaeological Data Recovery at Twenty-Four Culturally Modified Tree Sites on
the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Gifford
Pinchot National Forest. Vancouver, Washington. |
| Mack, Cheryl A. and Richard McClure |
| 1996 |
The Fruits of Their Labors: Vaccinium Processing in the Washington Cascades. Paper presented
at the 49th Annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, University of Idaho. Moscow, Idaho. |
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| 1982 |
Evolution in Steppe with Few Large, Hooved Mammals. American Antiquity 119[6]:757-773. |
| Markos, Jeffrey A. |
| 1986 |
Lithic Raw Material Procurement and Utilization at a Southern Cascades Rockshelter, Lewis
County, Washington. Paper presented at the 39th Annual Northwest Anthropological
Conference, March 27-29, Moscow, Idaho. |
| 1990 |
Packwood Lake: The Lithic Technology of a Multi-resource Acquisition Site in Southwestern
Washington. USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Packwood Ranger District. |
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| 1974 |
The Foraging Adaptation - Uniformity or Diversity/ Addison-Wesley Module in Anthropology
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| 1988 |
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Society. Portland, Oregon. |
| Mathews, J.V., Jr.
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| 1982 |
East Beringia during Late Wisconsin Time: A Review of the Biotic Evidence. In Paleoecology of
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127-150. Academic Press. New York. |
| McClure, Richard H., Jr. |
| 1985 |
Archaeological Testing and Significance Evaluation: Site 45-LE-251, Cispus River,
Washington. USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Randle Ranger District. |
| 1987 |
Significance Evaluation of Archaeological Site 45-LE-285, Packwood Lake, Lewis County,
Washington. USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Packwood Ranger District. |
| 1988 |
Archaeology in the Mineral Block, Gifford Pinchot National Forest: Significance Evaluation of
the Isabell Saddle Site (45-LE-277). USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest,
Randle Ranger District. |
| 1989 |
Alpine Obsidian Procurement in the Southern Washington Cascades: Preliminary Research.
Archaeology in Washington 1:59-69. |
| 1990 |
Previous Archaeology of Mount Rainier National Park. Draft report manuscript and associated
miscellaneous field notes, inter-office memoranda, photographs and topographic maps. Material
associated with an incomplete cultural resource overview for Mount Rainier National Park. Ms.
on file National Park Service, Columbia Cascades System Support Office. Seattle. Ms. and
supporting materials in possession of senior author. |
| 1992 |
An Archaeological Assessment of the Beech Creek Site (45LE415), Gifford Pinchot National
Forest. USDA Forest Service, Region Six. Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Vancouver,
Washington. |
| 1996 |
Personal Communication in regard to Mount Rainier prehistoric site locations. |
| McClure, Richard H., Jr., and Jeffrey A. Markos |
| 1990 |
Test Excavations at Squatter's Knob Rockshelter (45LE259), Lewis County, Washington.
USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Randle Ranger District. |
| Meany, Edmond S. |
| 1916 |
Mount Rainier, A Record of Exploration. The Macmillan Company. New York. |
| Mierendorf, Robert R. |
| 1986 |
People of the North Cascades. National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Region. Seattle. |
| 1990 |
Personal Communication regarding presence and function of stone features in North Cascades
National Park. |
| 1996 |
Consideration of Prehistoric Land-Use in the Stephen Mather Wilderness, North Cascades
National Park, Washington. Paper presented at the 49th Annual Northwest Anthropological
Conference. Moscow, Idaho. |
| Miss, Christian J. |
| 1989 |
Evaluation of the Burton Creek Rockshelter, Site 45-LE-266, Lewis County, Washington.
Submitted to USDA Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Packwood Ranger District.
Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc., Seattle. |
| 1992 |
Report of Archaeological Testing at the Lost Site (45SA264). Prepared for Mt. Adams Ranger
District, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, contract no. 53-05K3-1-06293j. |
| Miss, Christian J. and Margaret A. Nelson |
| 1995 |
Data Recovery at the Mule Spring Site, 45-KI-435, King County, Washington. Submitted to
Mount Baker -Snoqualmie National Forest. Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc. Seattle. |
| Moir, William H. |
| 1989 |
The Forests of Mount Rainier National Park: A Natural History. Northwest Interpretive
Association. Seattle. |
| Morrison, Jack |
| 1995 |
Personal Communications regarding the location of the trail between Sunrise Ridge and the
Yakama Nation, and historical use of Sunrise Ridge for late summer hunting, gathering and
recreation congregation. Mr. Morrison is a seasonal interpretive ranger at Sunrise.
Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc. (NWAA) |
| 1996 |
Test Excavations at the Crow Creek Lithics Site, Yakima County, Washington. Report submitted to
the Wenatchee National Forest. Naches, Washington. NAAI. Seattle. |
| Odum, Eugene P. |
| 1971 |
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| Parsons, William and W.S. Shiach |
| 1902 |
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| Pianka, Eric R. |
| 1974 |
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| Plummer, Fred G. |
| 1900 |
Mount Rainier Forest Reserve, Washington. In 21st Annual Report of the Survey, 1899-1900;
Part 5, Forest Reserves. pp. 81-143. |
| Porter, Stephen C. |
| 1976 |
Pleistocene Glaciation in the Southern Part of the North Cascade Range, Washington. Geological
Society of America Bulletin 87:61-75. |
| Price, Larry W. |
| 1981 |
Mountains and Man, A Study of Process and Environment. University of California Press.
Berkeley. |
| Pringle, Patrick |
| 1995 |
Personal Communication relevant to dating of Mount Rainier set C tephra. Pringle is a geologist
with the Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Washington State Department of Natural
Resources. Olympia, Washington. |
| Pringle, Patrick (ed.) |
| 1994 |
Mount Rainier, A Decade Volcano GSA Field Trip. In Geologic Field Trips in the Pacific
Northwest, D.A. Swanson and R.A. Haugerud, (eds.). 1994 Geological Society of America
Annual Meeting. |
| Reid, Kenneth C. |
| 1993 |
Paleoenvironmental Context. Appendix E in The Archaeology of Chester Morse Lake:
Long-Term Human Utilization of the Foothills in the Washington Cascade Range, edited by S.R.
Samuels. Center for Northwest Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Washington State
University. Pullman. |
| Rice, David G. |
| 1964a |
Indian Utilization of the Cascade Mountain Range in South Central Washington. The
Washington Archaeologist 8(1):5-20. |
| 1964b |
Test Excavations at Wild Rose Rock Shelter. The Washington Archaeologist 8(4):2-23. |
| 1965 |
Archaeological Test Excavations in Fryingpan Rockshelter, Mount Rainier National Park.
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| 1969 |
Archaeological Reconnaissance, Southcentral Cascades, Washington. Washington
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| Rice, David and Charles Nelson |
| n.d. |
Crew field notes on the 1963 Washington State University reconnaissance in Mount Rainier
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| Richards, L.G. |
| 1930 |
Just Here and There. Mount Rainier Nature Notes. On file at Mount Rainier Park headquarters in
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| Rosenfeld, Charles L. |
| 1993 |
Landforms and Geology. In Atlas of the Pacific Northwest, Eighth Edition. Philip L. Jackson and
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| Samora, Barbara |
| 1995 |
Personal Communication regarding collection of files on anadromous fish in Mount Rainier
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| Samuels, Stephen R. |
| 1993 |
The Archaeology of Chester Morse Lake: Long-Term Human Utilization of the Foothills in the
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| Schalk, Randall F. |
| 1978 |
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| 1981 |
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| 1988 |
The Evolution and Diversification of Native Land Use Systems on the Olympic Peninsula, a
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| 1996 |
Personal Communication on salmon population regeneration following catastrophic habitat
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| 1997 |
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| 1994 |
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| Schalk, Randall F. and Gregory C. Cleveland |
| 1983 |
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| Schamberger, M.L. |
| n.d. |
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| Schmoe, Floyd W. |
| 1925 |
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| 1967 |
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| 1987 |
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| Spencer, Lee |
| 1987 |
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| 1984 |
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Extended 14C Data Base and Revised Calib 3.0 14C Age Calibration Program. Radiocarbon
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| 1996 |
Personal Communication regarding test excavation results at the Tipsoo Lakes One site (FS 88-01, 45PI406). |
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Clovis and Folsom Age Estimates: Stratigraphic Context and Radiocarbon Calibration. In
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| Teague, George |
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| 1986 |
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| 1978 |
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| 1987 |
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| Uebelacker, Morris L. |
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Land and Life in the Naches River Basin: A Cultural Resource Overview. Wenatchee National
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| United States Geological Service (USGS) |
| 1915 |
Mount Rainier National Park, Washington. 1:62,500 topographic and life zone map surveyed
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| Wagner, Philip L. |
| 1960 |
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Cultural Resource Evaluation of the Shale Site, 35MA113, Mt. Hood National Forest, Oregon.
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| Wessen, Gary C. |
| 1991 |
Archaeological Testing and Evaluation at Riffe Lake Site 45-LE-225, Lewis County, Washington.
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| Whitlock, Cathy |
| 1992 |
Vegetational and Climatic History of the Pacific Northwest during the Last 20,000 Years:
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| 1983 |
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A Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Utilization. Volume 1, Puget Sound Region.
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| 1995 |
Rock Feature Sites on the Mt. Hood National Forest: An Inventory and Evaluation; Volume 1:
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| Young, Steven B. |
| 1982 |
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| Zweifel, Matthew K. |
| 1988a |
Rattlesnake Wilderness Survey, Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Report, Wenatchee National
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| 1988b |
Fife's Ridge/Crow Creek Wilderness Survey, Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Report,
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| Zweifel, Matthew K. and Connie S. Reid |
| 1991 |
Prehistoric Use of the Central Cascade Mountains of Eastern Washington State: An Overview of
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