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HAWAII NATURE NOTES
THE PUBLICATION OF THE
NATURALIST DIVISION, HAWAII NATIONAL PARK
AND THE HAWAII NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION

VOL. IV MAY 1951 No. 2

APPRECIATION

Is expressed to the Hawaii Division of Hydrography and Mr. D. A. Davis for the loan of many of the plates used in illustrating this booklet, and to Valley Isle Publishing Company for the color illustration of Haleakala Crater, and to Mr. Paul Rockwood for art work throughout the publication.

steam cloud
PLATE 1. A steam cloud rises several thousand feet into the air as the lava from Mauna Loa's June 1950 eruption strikes the sea. (Hawaii Air National Guard).


CONTENTS

Introduction

Volcanic Vocabulary

Geologic Setting

Character of Hawaiian volcanic activity

Composition of lavas
Nature of Hawaiian eruptions

Mauna Loa, fiery colossus of the Pacific

Description
Activity of Mauna Loa
Eruptions of 1949 and 1950

Kilauea, home of Pele

Description
Lava lake activity
Explosions of 1924
Activity since the 1924 explosions
Steam vents of Kilauea

Haleakala Volcano

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory

Selected bibliography

Index (omitted from the online edition)


ILLUSTRATIONS

Plates

1. Lava striking sea, Manna Loa eruption, June 1950
2. Lava fountains in Mokuaweoweo, January 19, 1949
3. Lava stream flowing into sea, June 1950
4. 1950 flow nearing sea, flowing through ohia forest
5. Lava fountains at about 8,000 feet, June 1950 eruption
6. Steam clouds from offshore, June 1950
7. Center: Haleakala Crater
8. Summit of Mauna Loa, from the air
9. Eruption of Manna Loa, December 2, 1933
10. Lava flow of 1926 approaching Hoopuloa village
11. Advancing front of aa flow, December 1935
12. Lower vent of 1942 flow, showing bomb burst
13. Explosive eruption cloud at Halemaumau, May 1924
14. Halemaumau in eruption, September 1934
15. Halemaumau lava lake, September 1920
16. Islands in Halemaumau lava lake, September 1921
17. Summit of Haleakala Volcano, from the east
18. Haleakala from observation station
19. Puu Naue, Haleakala Crater

Figures

1. Map of the Hawaiian Archipelago
2. Map of the island of Hawaii, showing lava flows
3. Map and cross-section of Mokuaweoweo caldera
4. Maps and cross-sections of Kilauea caldera in 1825 and 1949
5. Seismogram of earthquake activity in December 1950
6. Graph of activity of Manna Loa and Kilauea
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24-Mar-2006