Grand Teton Historic Resource Study

1. "Hearing on S. Res. 226," 1934, pp. 76-79.

2. Homestead Patents: 615005, John M. Rutherford, 1910; 521820, E.C. Steele, 1910; and 485599, Joe Pfeifer, 1910.

3. Samuel P Hays, Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive Conservation Movement, 1890-1920 (Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1959; reprint ed., New York: Atheneum Press, 1975).

4. I added up the acreages that homesteaders claimed to cultivate in their testimony in the final proof papers.

5. Homestead Patent 995670, William Smith, 1925.

6. Homestead Patent HC 1246, Evanson, Binkley, 1906.

7. Esther B. Allan, "History of Teton National Forest," unpublished manuscript, 1973, 143.

8. Homestead Patents: 615005, J. Rutherford, 1910; 521820, E.C. Steele, 1910, and 485599, J. Pfeifer, 1910.

9. Marion V. Allen, Early Jackson Hole (Redding, CA: Press Room Printing, 1981), pp. 208-209; and Jackson Hole Guide, September 27, 1973.

10. Only Lydia Lozier and J.V. Allen filed desert entries in this area after 1908.

11. Homestead Patents: 958787, Leonard Ferrin, 1924; 1028708, Cyrus Ray Ferrin, 1928; 958788, James McInelly, 1924; and 1028284, John MacDonald Graham, 1928.

12. Jack F. Young, Soil Survey of Teton County, Wyoming: Grand Teton National Park (Soil Conservation Service, 1982).

13. Homestead Patents: 796556, Joe Markham, 1918; 707968, George H. Whiteman, 1918; and 804576, Char lie Christian, 1920.

14. U.S. Geological Survey, "Grand Teton Quadrangle," 1901, Grand Teton National Park.

15. Homestead Patents: 587701, Elmer Arthur, 1916; 843343, Frank Bramen, 1921; 842747, S.R. Wilson, 1920; 645202, William C. Thompson, 1917; 863222, William Snell, 1921; and 752972, David Ferrin, 1919.

16. Homestead Patents: HC 1359, Evanston, August Nicolaison, 1907; 174451, Charles Carlson, 1910; 62608, Francis Waterman, 1911; 615962, Charles Ilse, 1917; 641991, Paul Lyon, 1917; and 737603, William J. Grant, 1919.

17. Struthers Burt, Diary, p. 42.

18. Homestead Patents: 799046, Harold Hammond, 1920; 902573, George T Bispham, 1922; 908182, Harry Clissold, 1922; and 977162, Clifford Ward, 1925.

19. Homestead Patents: 970306, Henry S.A. Stewart, 1925; 1037175, Shadwick Hobbs, 1929; and 1038450, George Fleming, 1929.

20. Homestead Patent 985646, Hannah Porter, 1925.

21. Jackson Hole Guide, October 13, 1955, October 12, 1972; interview with Noble Gregory by Jo Anne Byrd, #13, "Last of Old West Series;" and Homestead Patents: 639818, James Manges, 1917; 578666, Maxwell S. Burt, 1916; 577944, Horace Carncross, 1916; 584624, M.S. Burt, 1916; 584625, H. Carncross, 1916; 799048, Frank P. Bessette, 1920; 824385, Alfred G. E. Bessette, 1921; 805788, Bryant F. Mears, 1920; 848729, Jack Canfield, 1920; 888052, Heirs of Norman Bladon, 1919; 801007, Harry F. Sensenbach, 1920; and 824386, May P. Horel, 1920.

22. Homestead Patents: 868566, Geraldine Lucas, 1921; 999054, G. Lucas, 1926; and 959955, Heirs of Moritz Locher, 1924.

23. Homestead Patents: 1014042, Buster Estes, 1927; 1037758, Peter Karppi, Jr., 1928; and 1010872, Tony S. Grace, 1927.

24. Roy M. Robbins, Our Landed Heritage: The Public Domain (Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1962), pp. 328-330; Righter, Crucible for Conservation, pp. 10-11; and Jackson's Hole Courier, September 1, 1921.

25. Jackson's Hole Courier, September 1, 1921, and March 9, 1922.

26. Homestead Patents: 1023026, Lee Manges, 1928; 1016405, Ivan Bayse, 1927; 931323, Roger F. Carlson, 1923; 1035908, Joseph Le Page, 1928; and 981691, Ed K. Smith, 1926.

27. Homestead Patents: 1021747, Homer Richards, 1928; 1023025, Harrison Crandall, 1928; 1109105, A.W. Gabbey, 1927; and 1057117, S.W. Gabbey, 1931; and "Hearing on S. Res. 226," 1933, pp. 300-330.

28. Homestead patents.

29. Homestead Patent 999739, Evelyn Dornan, 1925; and Inspector C. S. Deitz to Commissioner, General Land Office, November 24, 1926, in Patent File 999739.

30. Jackson's Hole Courier, January 1, 1953; Allan Collection, 7637, Charlie Hedrick transcript, Box 3, University of Wyoming Archives, American Heritage Center; Homestead Patents: 707967, Will Steingraber, 1918; and Homestead Cert., 1447, Lander, Frank, Lasho, 1908.

31. Homestead records; I examined the final proof papers for 395 homesteads situated in or adjacent to the present boundaries of Grand Teton National Park.

32. Allan, "History of Teton National Forest," pp. 107-108 and 143.

33. Margaret and Olaus Murie, Wapiti Wilderness (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966), pp. 117-118.

34. "Hearing on S. Res. 226," 1933, pp. 76-79.