Fort Clatsop Lewis and Clark Trail from Fort Clatsop to the Clatsop Plains

¹ John A. Hussey, Suggested Historical Area Report, Fort Clatsop Site, Oregon (Mimeo graphed, National Park Service, Region Four, San Francisco, April 10, 1957), 3-22.

²Reuben Gold Thwaites (ed.), Original Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804-1806 (7 vols . and. atlas, New York, 1904-1905), III, 270-271.

³Thwaites, op. cit., III, 271-272.

⁴Thwaites, op. cit., III, 272.

⁵Thwaites, op. cit., III, 273-274.

⁶Ibid., 275.

⁷Patrick Gass, Gass's Journal of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (Chicago, 1904), 184.

⁸Elliot Coues (ed), History of the Expedition under the Command of Captains Lewis and Clark . . . 4 vols., New York 1893), II, 739-740.

⁹Clark's compass bearing of S. 60°. W. would correspond to a true bearing of about S. 82 deg; W., which course roughly corresponds with that of the natural route running up the ridge west of the fort.

¹⁰Thwaites, op. cit., III, 271.

¹¹Neacoxie Creek now flows southward past this old mouth for a number of miles and empties into Neawanna Creek, near the present town of Gearhart. In Lewis and Clark's day, Neacoxie Creek was the outlet for the present Cullaby Lake. Years later settlers in the region diverted the drainage from the lake into the Skipanon River.

¹²Thwaites, op. cit., III, 293.

¹³See description of the route followed on this occasion, already quoted on page 9 above, from the Biddle edition of the journals.

¹⁴The exact identification of the salt works site is not part of the present study. For our purposes it is sufficient to place the works in the Seaside vicinity, an identification clearly made by Clark's maps. For example, see Map 5 of Hussey, Suggested Area Report, Fort Clatsop Site. See also Thwaites, op. cit., III, 312-314.

¹⁵Thwaites, op. cit., IV, 18-19.

¹⁶Milo M. Quaife (ed.), The Journals of Captains Meriwether Lewis and Sergeant John Ordway (Publications of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Collections, XXII, Madison, 1916), 326.

¹⁷Gass, op. cit., 190.

¹⁸Thwaites, op. cit., III, 316-317.

¹⁹Quaife, op. cit., 325.

²⁰Deposition of Silas B. Smith [grandson of Coboway], June 15, 1900, in Proceedings of the Oregon Historical Society . . . 1900 (Salem, 1901), 20. This use by Indians is somewhat corroborated by Alexander Henry, who recorded in his journal for December 14, 1813, that the remains of Fort Clatsop were "in total ruins, -the wood having been cut down and destroyed by the Indians." Elliott Coues (ed.), New Light on the Early History of the Greater Northwest... 3 vols., New York, 1897), III, 771-772.

²¹D. Lee and J. H. Frost, Ten Years in Oregon (New York, 1844), 15.

²²Deposition of Carlos W. Shane, June 15, 1900, in Proceedings of the Oregon Historical Society . . . 1900, 20-21.

²³Oregon Historical Society, Scrapbook 21, p. 42.

²⁴Return and Survey of Road from Lewis & Clark's to Clatsop Plains, May 13, 1852, MS, in Office of County Engineer, Clatsop County, Astoria, Oregon. For calling his attention to this document, the writer is indebted to Mr. R. B. Shefler, County Engineer.

²⁵Clatsop County, Commissioners Journal No . 2, p . 23, MS, in office of County Clerk, Clatsop County.

²⁶Interview with Mr. R. B. Shefler, County Engineer, at Astoria, July 23, 1953.

²⁷Vernon Carstensen (ed.), "Pacific Northwest Letters of George Gibbs,"" in Oregon Historical Quarterly, LIV (September, 1953), 230.

²⁸Proceedings of the Oregon Historical Society . . . 1900, 18-19.

²⁹Oregon Historical Society, Scrapbook 2l, p. 42.

³⁰Transcription of a tape recording of an interview with Mr. Harlan C. Smith, July 6, 1957, typewritten copy in Region Four Office, National Park Service, San Francisco, pp. 2-4.

³¹Lewis A. McArthur, Oregon Geographic Names (3rd ed., Portland, 1952), 540, 557.

³²Randall V. Mills, Stern-Wheelers up the Columbia (Palo Alto, California, 1947), 157-159.

³³Transcription of a tape recording of an interview with Mr. Harlan C. Smith, p. 12.

³⁴Transcription of a tape recording of an interview with Mr. Harlan C. Smith, pp. 4, 10.

³⁵J. C. Ainsworth (President, O.S.N. Co.) to W. R. Smith, Portland, Oregon, June 19, 1873, original MS in possession of Mr. Harlan C. Smith, of Santa Cruz, California.

³⁶Ainsworth to Smith, April 21, 1875, MS .

³⁷Transcription . . . of an interview with Mr. Harlan C. Smith, p. 32.

³⁸S. G. Reed to W. H. Smith, Portland, Oregon, June 15, 1875, original MS in possession of Mr. Harlan C. Smith; Ore. Steam Nay. Co. advertisement dated July 17, 1.876, in unidentified newspaper clipping in possession of Mr. Smith.

³⁹Transcription . . . of an interview with Mr. Harlan C. Smith, pp. 9-13.

⁴⁰In his journal for January 5, 1806, Lewis stated that the first salt produced by the expedition' s salt works at the pre sent Seaside was "a great treat to myself and most of the party . . . I say most of the party, for my friend Capt. Clark. declares it to be a mere matter of indifference with him whether he uses it or not." Thwaites, op. cit., III, 313.