|
Colorado
A Classic Western Quarrel: A History of the Road Controversy at Colorado National Monument |
|
ENDNOTES
Preface
1Patricia Nelson Limerick, The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1987), p. 70; for general information on these three Acts see Benjamin Horace Hibbard, A History of the Public Land Policies (New York: Macmillan Company, 1924).
2Limerick, A Legacy of Conquest, p. 70.
3Michael P. Malone and Richard W. Etulain, The American West: A Twentieth Century History (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989), pp. 69, 220; R. McGreggor Cawley, "The Sagebrush Rebellion" (Ph.D. Diss, Colorado State University, 1981), p. 120.
4C. Brant Short, Ronald Reagan and the Public Lands: America's Conservation Debate, 1979-1984 (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1989), pp. 10-11.
5Cawley, "The Sagebrush Rebellion," p. 95.
7Malone and Etulain, The American West: A Twentieth Century History, pp. 69, 220.
8Richard Lamm and Michael McCarthy, The Angry West: A Vulnerable Land and its Future (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1982), pp. 237-238.
10Robert Sterling Yard, Our Federal Lands: A Romance of American Development (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1928), p. 10.
11Lamm and Mccarthy, The Angry West, p. 238.
12Barry Mackintosh, The National Parks: Shaping the System (Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1991), p. 19.
12John Ise, Our National Park Policy: A Critical History (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1961), p. 207.
13John C. Freemuth, Islands Under Siege: National Parks and the Politics of External Threats (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1991), pp. 16, 18-19, 22.
Chapter One
14Stanley W. Lohman, The Geologic Story of Colorado National Monument (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1981), p. 32.
15Information taken from Bookcliff overlook exhibit, Colorado National Monument.
16Information taken from Coors International Bicycle Classic promotional literature.
17Steven P. Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity: A History of West-Central Colorado (Denver: Bureau of Land Management Colorado State Office, 1932), p. 4.
18Lohman, The Geologic Story of Colorado National Monument, pp. 15-16.
19Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 2.
20United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Topographic Map of the Colorado National Monument Quadrangle, 7,5 Minute Series, 1962, revised 1973.
22Lohman, The Geologic Story of Colorado National Monument, pp. 17-60.
24Alan Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument (Boulder: Roberts, Rinehart, Inc. Publishers, 1984), p. 38.
25Dave Fishell, The Grand Heritage: A Photographic History of Grand Junction, Colorado, 2nd ed., (Norfolk/Virginia Beach: The Donning Company/Publishers, 1994), p. 12.
27"Grand Valley: Its Resources and Advantages," Grand Junction News, 2 December 1882.
28Carl Ubbelohde, Maxine Benson, and Duane A. Smith, A Colorado History (Boulder: Pruett Publishing Company, 1988), pp. 183-88.
29"Grand Valley: Its Resources and Advantages"; Fishell, The Grand Heritage, p. 26.
30Ubbelohde, Benson & Smith, A Colorado History, pp. 188-192.
31Kathleen Underwood, Town Building on the Colorado Frontier: Grand Junction (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1987), pp. 4-5.
33Underwood, Town Building on the Colorado Frontier, p. 13.
34Duane Vandenbusche and Duane A. Smith, A Land Alone: Colorado's Western Slope (Boulder: Pruett Publishing Company, 1981), p. 147.
35Emma McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado: A 100 Year History 1883-1983, edited by Lani Duke (Grand Junction: Museum of Western Colorado Press, [986), p. 3; Underwood, Town Building on the Colorado Frontier, p. 27.
36Underwood, Town Building on the Colorado Frontier, p. 27.
37McCreanor, Mesa County Colorado, pp. 3-4.
38Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 138.
39Vandenbusche and Smith, A Land Alone, p. 151.
40Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, "The Valley of the Grand, The Place for You," (Denver: Smith Brooks Press, no date), courtesy Colorado Historical Society.
42Fruita Bureau of Information, "Fruita, Colorado" (Fruita Bureau of Information, ca. 1910), p. 55, courtesy Colorado Historical Society.
44Memorandum, Breyton R. Finch to Coordinating Superintendent Mesa Verde National Park, 21 September 1946.
45McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 5.
46Catherine S. Moore, "Original History of Glade Park, 1962," [photocopy] pp. 2, 4, 6, Museum of Western Colorado Manuscripts, F-886 Progress of Glade Park, Grand Junction, Colorado.
47Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 108.
48Moore, Original History of Glade Park, p. 6.
49McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 5.
50Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 115.
51Vern Woods, Interview by Maria Baldi, 10 June 1976. p. 6, transcript, Oral History Collection, Colorado National Monument Museum and Archive, Fruita, Colorado.
52Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 150.
53McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 6.
54Road Petition for the Board of County Commissioners, filed at the Office of the County Clerk, 13 November 1883, p. 8.
55Report of J.D. Robinson, Deputy County Surveyor on Road From End of Present County Road to East Creek Divide, 30 January 1884, pp. 122-124, submitted to the Mesa County Commissioners.
57Moore, Original History of Glade Park, p. 8.
58Lucy Ela, Interview by Sally Crum, 25 March 1976, p. 1, transcript, Oral History Collection, Colorado National Monument Museum and Archive Collection.
59Moore, Original History of Glade Park, p. 7.
60Ela, Interview by Sally Crum, 25 March 1976, p. 5.
61Moore, Original History of Glade Park, p. 8.
62Memorandum, Finch to Mesa Verde, 21 September 1946.
63Mehls, The Valley of Opportunity, p. 139.
64McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 5.
67Merton Berger, "The Development of Fruita and the Lower Valley of the Colorado River From 1884 to 1937" (M.A. thesis, University of Colorado, 1937), p. 64.
68Congress, Senate, Committee on Public Lands, Grant of Certain Lands to Fruita, Colo., report submitted by Mr. Hansborough, 59th Cong., 1st sess., May 16, 1906, Senate Report No. 3620. pp. 1-2.
69Berger, "The Development of Fruita and the Lower Valley of the Colorado River," p. 64.
71Frank Nisley, Appraisal of Present Market Value of Fruita Pipeline property, pp. 2-3.
72Berger, "The Development of Fruita and the Lower Valley of the Colorado River," p. 65.
Chapter Two
74Ise, Our National Park Policy, p 145.
76An Act For the Preservation of American Antiquities, Statutes at Large, 34, sec. 1, 225 (1906).
The Antiquities Act provided a great deal of latitude regarding the types of areas that might become "national monuments." The term itself did little to describe the diversity of areas set aside. [79] One facetious definition pointed out the "inconsistency" of national monuments:
79Ise, Our National Park Policy, p. 154.
80Frank Waugh quoted in Ise, p. 155.
81Ise, Our National Park Policy, p. 160.
82Mackintosh, The National Parks: Shaping the System, p. 14.
83Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 25.
84 Al Look, "Who Was John Otto?" [photocopy], p. 1, Museum of Western Colorado Manuscripts, F-675 Al Look Manuscripts, Grand Junction, Colorado.
85Kania, John Otto of the Colorado Monument, pp. 14-15, 21, 23, 24.
86"John Otto Released," Daily Sentinel, 24 February 1906.
88The Charter of the City of Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Junction: Merrill Printing Co., 14 September 1909), p. 46, courtesy of Colorado Historical Society.
89"John Otto Determined to Build Scenic Road," Daily Sentinel, 6 February 1909; "Early Experiences in Life of the Great Grand Valley Trail Builder," Daily Sentinel, 7 June 1911.
90Daily Sentinel, 7 June 1911; "To Hoist Flag On Independence Rock," Daily Sentinel, 2 July 1910.
91"Otto Unfurls Flag off Peak," Daily Sentinel, 9 July 1909; "Otto Plans Big Celebration on Independence Day," Daily Sentinel, 17 June 1910.
92"John Otto Comments on Some Fiery Themes," Daily Sentinel, 30 March 1910; Daily Sentinel 7 June 1911.
93Look, "Who Was John Otto," p. 2.
94"Investigation Made of Great Scenic Spot Near This City," Daily Sentinel, 19 April 1909.
95"John Otto Comments, . . ." Daily Sentinel, 30 March 1910.
96Al Look, John Otto and the Colorado National Monument (Denver: Denver Westerners Inc., 1961; reprint, Grand Junction: Sandstone Publishing Cc., 1962), p. 25.
97Letter, Walter Sullivan, Mesa County Judge, to Bryson P. Blair, 5 June 1907.
98Letter, Fred Bennett, Acting Commissioner, General Land Office to Register and Receiver, United States Land Office, Montrose, Colorado, 15 July 1907.
99Letter, Fred Bennet, Commissioner General Land Office, to Senator Simon Guggenheim, 27 December 1909.
100The Charter of the City of Grand Junction, Colorado, p. 39.
101"Otto Receives Letter From President Taft," Daily Sentinel, 27 May 1909.
102Kania, John Oslo of Colorado National Monument, p. 33.
103"John Otto Has Narrow Escape From Death From Explosion," Daily Sentinel, 17 October 1910.
104"Up to People to Boost the Park," Daily Sentinel, December 1909.
105"Otto, Monument Cañon Hermit, Speaks On Resort," Daily Sentinel, 25 July 1908.
106Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 43.
108Look, John Otto and the Colorado National Monument, p. 9.
109Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 71.
110"Otto's Trail Completed," Daily Sentinel, 27 September 1909.
112Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 73.
113"Otto Unfurls Flag off Peak," Daily Sentinel, 25 April 1909.
114"John Otto Determined to Build Scenic Road," Daily Sentinel, 6 February 1909.
115Look, "Who Was John Otto?", p. 3.
116"Investigation Made of Great Scenic...." Daily Sentinel, 19 April 1909.
117Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, pp. 70, 78.
118"Organize to Build Road," Daily Sentinel, 26 April 1910.
120Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 78.
121U.S. Congress, House, Creating the Monument National Park, 61st Congress., 2nd sess., S. 4934, (6 January 1910).
122"Otto Tells of Grand Mesa," Daily Sentinel, 7 August 1908.
125"Investigation Made of Great Scenic Spot..." Daily Sentinel, 19 April 1909.
127"To Photograph the Monument," Daily Sentinel, 23 April 1909.
130"Will Boost for Monument Park," Daily Sentinel, 21 April 1911.
131"Almost Sure To Get a Park," Daily Sentinel, 23 May 1910.
132Letter, Fred Bennett, Commissioner General Land Office to Senator Simon Guggenheim, 27 December 1909.
133"Means Much to This City," Daily Sentinel, 20 November 1909.
134Letter, Bennett to Guggenheim, 27 December 1909.
135"Grand Junction Gets Lands Set Apart for a Great National Park," Daily Sentinel, 1 January 1910.
136"Up to People to Boost Park," Daily Sentinel, December 1909.
137"Investigation Made of Great Scenic.... " Daily Sentinel, 19 April 1909.
139"Is Your Name On This List?" Daily Sentinel, 15 February 1910.
140"More Subscribers to Otto Trail Fund," Daily Sentinel, 7 June 1910.
141"Almost Sure to Get a Park," Daily Sentinel, 23 May 1910.
142"Former Senator of Colorado Dies," Denver Post, 3 November 1941.
143U.S. Congress, House, Creating the Monument National Park, 61st Congress, 2nd sess., S. 4934 (6 January 1910).
148"Biographical Sketch of Congressman Edward T. Taylor, 4th District of Colorado," Montrose Daily Press, 27 October 1926, 3. Courtesy Denver Public Library, Western History Department.
149"Means Much to This City," Daily Sentinel, 20 November 1909.
151Letter, Edward T. Taylor, to William Howard Taft, President of the United States, 25 February 1911.
152Report, Charles L. Duer and J.P. Golden, Mineral Inspectors, to Commissioner General Land Office, 26 April 1911, 2.
154According to Kania's John Otto of Colorado National Monument, this canyon was also known as Chackleton Canyon. Kania's book features an early article in the Daily Sentinel which indicates that John Otto took people up to a point where they could view both Monument and Chackleton Canyons simultaneously. Former Chief Ranger Hank Schoch stated that only Devils Canyon (not part of Colorado National Monument) or possibly Lizard Canyon could be viewed simultaneously with Monument Canyon. Clearly Shackleton/Chackleton was renamed, but it is not known when this occurred or which of the canyons acquired a new name. See Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 6.
155Report, Duer and Golden, Mineral Inspectors to President Taft, 25 February 1911, p. 4.
159"Hooper National Park," Daily Sentinel, 10 May 1911.
160"Do Not Approve Name of Park," Daily Sentinel, 10 May 1911.
162Letter, Thomas F. Mahoney, Secretary, Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Edward T. Taylor, 15 May 1911.
164Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, pp. 36-37.
165"Taylor Tells of Naming the Park," Daily Sentinel, 27 June 1911.
166Letter, Walter L. Fisher, Secretary of Interior, to William H. Taft, President of the United States, 23 May 1911; Ise, Our National Path Policy, p. 89.
167Fisher to Taft, 23 May 1911.
169President, Proclamation, "Colorado National Monument, Establishment, Proclamation 1126," Statutes at Large (24 May 1911) Vol. 37, p. 156.
Chapter Three
170Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 38.
John Otto, Flier of Regulations, Colorado National Monument, no date.
Letter, John Otto to M.D. McEniry, Chief General Land Office, 12 November 1913.
Letter, M.D. McEniry, General Land Office, to the Smithy Brothers, 18 November 1913.
174Letter, John Otto to Franklin Lane, Secretary of the Interior, 17 January 1919.
177Letter, Stephen Mather, Director National Park Service, to John Otto, 18 February 1919.
178Letter, John Otto to Director National Park Service, 4 March 1919, (photocopy), National Archives Record Group 79, Colorado National Monument Museum and Archive Collection.
179Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, pp. 10 1102.
180Letter, W.H. Post to Secretary of Interior, 15 May 1922.
181Letter, Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, to John Otto, 20 June 1922; Letter, Arno B. Cammerer to John Otto, 20 July 1922.
182McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 24.
183Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, pp. 79, 85; McCreanor, Mesa County, Colorado, p. 24.
184"Fruita After a Road from Glade Park," Daily Sentinel, 6 December 1911.
185Mesa County, Proceedings of the Board of County Commissioners, Book 5, 1 April 1912, p. 86, Mesa County Courthouse, Grand Junction, Colorado.
186Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 79.
187John Otto, John G. McKinney, and William C. Hermann, "Articles of Incorporation of the Colorado River Auto Transportation and Toll Road Company," 12 December 1912, pp. 1-2.
188U.S. Congress, House, For the Construction of a National Road from Grand Junction, Colorado, to and through the Colorado National Monument, 62d Congress., 1st sess., H.R. 11379 (8 June 1911).
190"Taylor Asks $25,000 for Road to National Monolithic Park," Daily Sentinel, 10 June 1911.
191Letter, Commissioner General Land Office to John Otto, 30 January 1913.
192Ise, Our National Park Policy, p. 160.
193Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 78.
194"Raise Money For Highway to Utah Line," Daily Sentinel, circa 1911.
195"Glade Park Road One of Scenic Grandeur," Daily Sentinel, 26 December 1911.
196"Says Road Can be Built for $6500," Daily Sentinel, 25 January 1912.
197"Otto Ready to Start Work on Park Highway," Daily Sentinel, 15 December 1911.
198Letter, John Otto to Commissioner General Land Office, 22 January 1913.
199Letter, J.E. Connolly, Special Agent General Land Office, to Commissioner General Land Office, 22 November 1913.
201Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 87.
202Letter, L. Antles, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Edward T. Taylor, 23 January 1915.
205"Monument Park Should be Developed; Let's Do It Now," Daily Sentinel, 10 November 1916.
206"Work Roads on May 2 Scheme," Daily Sentinel, 25 April 1916.
207"Monument Park Development to be Considered at Meeting," Daily Sentinel, 11 November 1916.
208"Map Monument Park Road Out," Daily Sentinel, 16 December 1916.
209"Monument Park Campaign Given Boost by Wadleigh," Daily Sentinel, 2 December 1916.
210"Monument Park Development Work Gaining Impetus Daily," Daily Sentinel, 16 November 1916.
211"Can Raise $1500 for Park Road," Daily Sentinel, 18 December 1916.
212"Monument Plea is Taken to Washington," Daily Sentinel, 13 December 1916.
213"Teller Institute Should be Alien Detention Camp," Grand Junction Daily News, 10 June 1918.
215Tom Hutchins, "A History of the Glade Park Road Controversy," Fruita Times, 3 October 1984, p. 29.
218"New Glade Park Road," Daily Sentinel, 13 January 1921.
221Loyd Files, Interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 19 August 1992, Grand Junction.
222Hutchins, "A History of the Glade Park Controversy;" p. 32.
224Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 93.
225Memorandum, Breyton Finch, 21 September 1946.
226Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, pp. 91, 93.
227Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary of Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Director National Park Service, 10 March 1923.
228Letter, A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, to Frank Merriell, 7 May 1926.
229Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce to A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, 15 May 1926.
230Letter, A.E. Demaray, to L.I. Howes, Chief Engineer Bureau, 24 August 1926.
231"Endorsed For Custodian," Daily Sentinel, February 1927.
232Letter, Connolly to Commissioner General Land Office, 22 November 1913.
233Alfred Runte, National Parts: The American Experience, 2d ed., (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1987), p. 97.
237Jenks Cameron, The National Park Service: Its History, Activities, and Organizations (New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1922), p. 43.
238Letter, R.A. Ross, President Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce to A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, 7 January 1927.
239Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary of Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Senator Lawrence Phipps, 13 December 1928.
240Cameron, The National Park Service, p. 43.
241Letter, Wood to Phipps, 13 December 1928.
242Letter, A.E. Demaray, Administrative Assistant National Park Service, to Frank Pinkley, Superintendent Southwestern Monuments, 22 October 1924.
243Letter, Frank C. Merriell, to A.E. Demaray, Acting Assistant Director National Park Service, 1 July 1926.
244Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 119.
245Letter, Ross to Demaray, 7 January 1927.
246Letter, A.E. Demaray to A.B. Cammerer, 12 January 1927.
247Letter, John Otto to Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, 10 February 1927.
248Letter, John Otto to Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, 14 February 1927; Letter, John Otto to Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, 19 February 1927.
249Letter, John Otto to A.E. Demaray, 2 April 1927.
250Letter, John Otto to Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, 12 February 1927.
251Letter, John Otto to Stephen Mather, Director National Park Service, 1 March 1927.
252Letter, Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service to R.A. Ross, President Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, 11 February 1927.
253Letter, Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director National Park Service, to A.T. Gormley, 29 April 1927.
254Letter, John Otto to A.E. Demaray, Acting Assistant Director National Park Service, 10 May 1927.
255Letter, John Otto to Stephen Mather, Director National Park Service, 17 October 1927; Letter, John Otto to Arno B. Cammerer, Assistant Director National Park Service, 20 October 1927.
256Letter, A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, to W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, 24 October 1927.
257Letter, A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, to W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, 3 November 1927.
258Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to A.E. Demaray Acting Director National Park Service, 1 March 1925.
259Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Senator Lawrence Phipps, 13 December 1928.
260Senator Lawrence Phipps (issued by), "Improve Colorado National Monument," Washington Weekly Newsletter, 10 March 1928.
261Letter, A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, to Chief Engineer National Park Service, 5 March 1928.
Telegram, A.E. Demaray to W.M. Wood, 14 August 1930.
263"2500 Available For Scenic Road in National Monument West of City," November 1930, (photocopy). National Archives Record Group 79, Colorado National Monument Museum and Archive Collection.
264Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to A.E. Demaray, Acting Associate, 27 June 1930.
265F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer National Park Service, "Conference and Inspection of Proposed Road Activities, Colorado National Monument, Grand Junction, Colorado," 13 August 1930.
267Letter, Horace Albright, Director National Park Service, to Senator Lawrence Phipps, 9 February 1929.
268Letter, Arno B. Cammerer, Associate Director National Park Service, to John Otto, 20 May 1931.
269Letter, F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer National Park Service, to Director National Park Service, 5 November 1930.
270Letter, John Otto to A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, 21 June 1929.
271Letter, John Otto to A.E. Demaray, Acting Associate Director National Park Service, 1 April 1930.
Chapter Four
270Richard S. Kirkendall, The United States 1929-1945: Years of Crisis and Change (New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1974), pp. 5-12.
271Mark Waidman, "1930 Employment 1980," in 1930 Employment 1980: Humanistic Perspectives On The Civilian Conservation Corps In Colorado, ed. Thomas Lyons, (Boulder: Colorado Humanities Program, 1981), pp. 61-64.
272Ise, Our National Park Policy, pp. 326-27.
273Informal Memorandum, Jesse L. Nusbaum, Superintendent Colorado National Monument, to Mr. A.H. Furr, 22 November 1937.
274Monthly Report, T.W. Secrest to F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer National Park Service, 5 December 1931.
277Letter, F.A. Kittredge to Horace Albright, 9 November 1931.
278Informal Memorandum, Nusbaum to Furr, 22 November 1937, p. 1.
279Letter, L.W. Burgess, President of Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to F.A. Kittredge, 21 November 1931.
280Telegram, W.M. Wood of Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce to Horace Albright, National Park Service Director, 7 November 1931.
281Telegram, Edward Taylor to Horace Albright, 8 November 1931.
282Telegram, Horace Albright to Edward Taylor, 9 November 1931.
283Telegram, A.E. Demaray to F.A. Kittredge, 10 November 1931.
284Telegram, Horace Albright to F.A. Kittredge, 12 November 1931.
286T.W. Secrest, Final Construction Report on Scenic Rim Rock Road Stations 210+00 to 370+00 Section 1B Account F.P. 95.8 (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 15 March 1937), pp 1-3.
287News Aids—Warnings, (Grand Junction: Chamber of Commerce, 15 December 1932), p. 2.
288Telegram, John Otto to Horace Albright, 25 November 1931.
289Letter, John Otto to Horace Albright, December 1931.
290Letter, John Otto to Horace Albright, 12 October 1932.
291Letter, Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary of the interior, to John Otto, 28 November 1932.
292Letter, Thomas C, Vint to A. E. Demaray, 14 December 1932.
293Kania, John Otto of Colorado National Monument, p. 135.
294Letter, Horace Albright to L.W. Burgess, President Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, 29 February 1932.
295Letter, Horace Albright, Director National Park Service, to Edward T. Taylor, 16 March 1932.
296T.W. Secrest, Final Construction Report Stations 210+00 to 370+00, p. 1.
297Letter, L.W. Burgess, Chairman Monument Park Committee, to A.W. Burney, Acting Chief Engineer, National Park Service, 7 June 1932.
298Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer National Park Service, 16 February 1932.
299Telegram, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to National Park Service, 6 October 1932; Telegram, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to A.B. Cammerer, Director National Park Service, 5 October 1933.
300Letter, Samuel C. McMullin to Edward T. Taylor, 13 January 1933.
301Letter, Horace Albright, Director National Park Service, to Edward T. Taylor, 16 March 1932.
302Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to A.E. Demaray, Acting Director National Park Service, 6 October 1932.
303Letter, A.W. Burney, Assistant Chief Engineer, to Horace Albright, Director National Park Service, 9 January 1933.
304Memorandum, A.B. Cammerer, Director of National Park Service, to the Assistant Secretary of the Interior, 13 October 1933.
305Letter, Representative Edward Taylor to Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, 20 October 1932.
306Letter, L.W. Burgess, Chairman Park Committee to Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, 19 October 1932.
307Letter, A.B. Cammerer to Representative Edward Taylor, 26 October 1932; Letter, W.M. Wood Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, 15 November 1932.
308Telegram, Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce to Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, 18 November 1932.
309Letter, Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, to W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, 26 November 1932.
310Letter, A.E. Demaray, National Park Service, to F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer, 10 February 1933.
311Memorandum for the Director of the National Park Service, 23 February 1933.
312Letter, Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary of Interior, to President Herbert Hoover, 1 March 1933.
313President, Proclamation, "A Proclamation by the President of the United States," Statutes at Large, (3 March 1933), 47 Stat., 158.
314John C. Paige, The Civilian Conservation Corps and The National Park Service, 1933-1942: An Administrative History (National Park Service: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1985), pp. 1-5.
318Michael McCarthy, "History of the CCC in Colorado," in 1930 Employment 1980: Humanistic Perspectives on the Civilian Conservation Corps in Colorado, ed. Thomas Lyons (Boulder: Colorado Humanities Program, 1981), pp. 1-5.
319L.A. Gleyre and C. N. Alleger, eds, History of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Colorado: That the Work of Young America May Be Recorded (Denver: Press of the Western Newspaper Union, 1936), Colonel Harold Booth Collection, Museum of Western Colorado, p. 10.
320Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for November 1934" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 November 1934), p. ???
321Leonard Pinto, "The CCC in Colorado: The Enrichment of Social Life: The Gift of a People to Themselves," in 1930 Employment 1980: Humanistic Perspectives on the Civilian Conservation Corps in Colorado, ed. Thomas Lyons (Boulder: Colorado Humanities Program, 1981), pp. 99-107.
322Telegram, Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce to Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of Interior, 24 March 1933.
323Telegram, F.R. Hall, Mayor of Grand
Junction, to Horace Albright, Director of National Park Service, 5
April 1933.
324Letter, George A. Marsh, Secretary Grand Junction Rotary Club, to Edward Taylor, 7 April 1933.
325Letter, A.E. Demaray, National Park Service, to F.R. Hall, Mayor of Grand Junction, 22 April 1933.
327Gleyre and Alleger, History of the CCC in Colorado, pp. 132-135.
328Tyrone Farrell, "The Civilian Conservation Corps on The Colorado National Monument," Journal of the Western Slope Vol. 6, No. 4 (Summer 1991):7-8.
329Gleyre and Alleger, History of the CCC in Colorado, p. 11.
330Farrell, "The CCC on The Colorado National Monument," pp. 7-8.
331Gleyre and Alleger, History of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Colorado, pp. 133 and 136.
332Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for May 1934" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 4 June 1934), p. 2.
333Informal Memorandum, Nusbaum to A.H. Furr, 22 November 1937.
334See construction maps in Figures 4.1 and 4.9.
335T. W. Secrest, Final Construction on Scenic Rim Rock Road Acct. No. 507-14-1010 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 3 August 1937), pp. 1-5.
336Horace Miller, Final Construction Report on Scenic Rim Rock Road Sections A, B, C, D Account 508, 1937-1940 (United Stares Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1940).
338Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for December 1933" (Washington: Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2 January 1934), p. 1; Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for January 1934" (Washington: US. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 3 February 1934), p. 1.
339See Figures 4.6, 4.7, and 4.8.
340Noland Norgaard, "Nine Killed by Slide on Monument Road, Daily Sentinel, 13 December 1933, p. 1.
341William F. Haywood, Report on Fatal Accident, 13 December 1933.
342"Greater Precaution to Protect Men on Rimrock Road asked by Employees," Daily Sentinel, 16 December 1933.
343Haywood, Report on Fatal Accident, pp. 1-3.
344"Investigation by Competent Engineer," Daily Sentinel, ca. 15 December 1933.
345Letter, E.B. Rogers to Director National Park Service, 27 December 1933.
346"The Rimrock Tragedy," Daily Sentinel, 17 December 1933.
347Paige, The CCC and the National Park Service, p. 19.
348Norgaard, "Nine Killed by Slide..." Daily Sentinel, 13 December 1933, 1.
349Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for January 1934" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 3 February 1934), p. 2.
350Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1935" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2 April 1935), p. 3.
351Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Reports for Colorado National Monument for April 1935" (Washington: U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, 3 May 1935), p. 1.
352Paige, The CCC and the National Park Service, pp. 21-23.
353Jesse L. Nusbaum, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1936" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2 April 1936), p. 1.
354Paige, The CCC and the National Park Service, pp. 23-24.
356See Figures 4.9, 4.10, and 4.11.
357Jesse Nusbaum, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for October 1937 (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 November 1937), p. 6.
358B.W. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for February 1942" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 March 1942), p. 1; B.W. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1942" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 July 1942), p. 2.
359Letter, Clifford Anderson to Director National Park Service, 15 November 1933.
360Letter, Clifford Anderson, Custodian Colorado National Monument, to A.B. Cammerer, Director National Park Service, 30 November 1933.
362Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for February 1934," (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, March 1934), p. 2.
363Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1934" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, July 1, 1934), p. 3.
364364Clifford Anderson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1935" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 3 July 1935), p. 1.
365Memorandum, Arno B. Cammerer, Director of National Park Service to Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior, 13 July 1936.
366Letter, T.W. Secrest to F.A. Kittredge, Chief Engineer National Park Service, 30 January 1936.
367Letter, Clifford Anderson to A.B. Cammerer, Director of National Park Service, 13 July 1935.
368Letter, Hillory A. Tolson, Acting Director of National Park Service, to F.W. Bocking, President Fruita Chamber of Commerce, 20 July 1935.
369Memorandum for the Washington Office by Hillory A. Tolson, Acting Director, 15 August 1935.
370Memorandum for the Washington Office by Hillory A. Tolson, Acting Associate Director of National Park Service, 4 October 1935.
371Letter, Arno B. Cammerer to A.E. Demaray, 4 October 1935.
372Letter, W.M. Wood, Secretary Grand Junction Chamber of Commerce, to A.R. Nowels, 29 May 1936.
373Memorandum, Arno B. Cammerer, Director of National Park Service, to Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior, 13 June 1936.
374Mesa County, Proceedings of the Board of County Commissioners, Book 10, 2 December 1937, p. 155.
376Informal Memorandum, Nusbaum to Furr, 22 November 1937.
378Jesse Nusbaum, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for October 1937" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 November 1937), pp. 35.
379Jesse Nusbaum, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for November 1937" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 30 November 1937), p. 2.
380James Luther, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1938" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 April 1938), p. 3.
381James Luther, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative for Colorado National Monument for July 1938" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 August 1938), p. 4.
382Jesse Nusbaum, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report of Colorado National Monument for August 1938" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 5 September 1938), p. 3.
383James Luther, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative for Colorado National Monument for April 1938" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 May 1938), p. 4.
384James Luther "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1940" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 May 1940), p. 2.
385James Luther, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1940" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 8 April 1940).
386Memorandum for the Director by Jesse L. Nusbaum, 27 May 1939.
387Luther, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report Colorado National Monument for April 1940," p. 2.
388W.M. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1941" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 April 1941), pp. 1-3.
389B.M. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1941" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 May 1941), p. 3.
390B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Reports for Colorado National Monument for 1942" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1942).
391B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1946" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 July 1946).
392B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1946" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 April 1946), pp. 1-2.
393B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for March 1946" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 April 1946), p. 1; B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for August 1946" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2 September 1946), p. 1.
394Memorandum, B.R. Finch, Custodian Colorado National Monument, to the Coordinating Superintendent of Mesa Verde National Park, 21 September 1946.
397B.R. Finch. "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for June 1948" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 July 1948), p 2.
398B.R. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for May 1948" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 June 1948), p. 1.
399William D. Guillet, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for April 1949" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1 May 1949), p. 1.
400B.A. Finch, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for July 1948" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service 2 August 1948), 1.
Chapter Five
401Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for 1952" (Washington: U.S.: Department of the Interior, National Park Service.
402"Not Yet Fully Appreciated," Daily Sentinel, 10 October 1951.
404Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1951" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 27 July 1951), p. 1.
405Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1951" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 27 April 1951), p. 2.
407Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1949" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 3 July 1949), 3.
408"Monument Superintendent Tells Rotarians of Colorado Monument Development Since 1911," Daily Sentinel, 20 February 1952.
409Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1952" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 27 June 1952), p. 2.
410Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1953" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 30 June 1953), p. 185.
411Ise, Our National Park Policy, pp. 546-547.
413Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1956" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 6 July 1956), p. 5; Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for February 1957" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 8 March 1957), p. 4.
414Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1958" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 9 May 1958), p. 3.
415"Mission 66 for Colorado National Monument" (U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, ca. 1956), Mesa County Public Library Clipping File, p. 2.
416"National Monument 2nd Most Popular Park in Colorado," Daily Sentinel, 27 May 1956.
417Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for 1957" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Jan.-Dec. 1957).
418Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for November 1958" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 12 December 1958), p. 1; Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for May 1963" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 13 June 1963), p. 3.
419Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1956" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 6 August 1956), p. 3.
420Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1960" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 11 May 1960), p. 5.
421Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1955" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 4 August 1955), p. 2.
422"New Monument Chief Begins; Native Coloradan; Experienced," Daily Sentinel, 19 March 1958.
423Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1959" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 12 August 1959), p. 3.
424Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for August 1959" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 11 September 1959), p. 3.
426"Junction Entrance to Monument to be in Operation By July 1," The Morning Sun, 20 June 1960.
428Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for November 1958" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 12 December 1958), pp. 2-3.
429Letter, Jesse L. Nusbaum, Superintendent Colorado National Monument, to J.A. Elliot, District Engineer Bureau of Public Roads, 29 September 1937.
430Memorandum, G.A. Moskey, Chief Counsel National Park Service, to Acting Chief of Engineering National Park Service, 8 December 1941.
431"Another Old Timer, Trail of the Serpent, Gets Retirement Papers after 28 Scary Years," Daily Sentinel, 18 April 1950.
432Mesa County, Proceedings of the Board of County Commissioners, November 23, 1959, Records of the Mesa County Courthouse, Grand Junction, Colorado.
433Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1961" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, 14 July 1961), p. 5.
434W. Paul Ellis, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for April 1965" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 10 May 1965), p. 1.
435Robert Benton, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 23 January 1994.
436Russell L. Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for January 1955" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 4 February 1955), p. 1.
437Mary Louise Giblin, "Visitors Speed Work on Nature in Eroding National Monument," Daily Sentinel (?), 2 May 1956.
438Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for January 1955" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 4 February 1955), p. 1.
439Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1955" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 6 April 1955), p. 3.
440Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Reports for Colorado National Monument for June 1954 and June 1956" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, July 1954, 6 July 1956), pp. 1, 5.
441Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Reports for Colorado National Monument for April 1960, April 1963" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 11 May 1960, 13 May 1963), pp. 6, 4.
442Russell Mahan, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1953" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 30 June 1953), p. 3.
443Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for January 1961" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 10 February 1961), p. 4.
444Homer Robinson, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for March 1955" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 6 April 1955), p. 3.
445"Junction Entrance to Monument to be in Operation by July 1," The Morning Sun, 20 June 1960.
446Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for August 1963" (Washington: U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, 11 September 1963), p. 7.
447Fred Bussey, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for October 1963" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 12 November 1963), p. 2.
448Memorandum of Understanding Between the Superintendent, Curecanti Group, National Park Service, Department of Interior, and the Commander, Field Command, Defense Nuclear Agency, Department of Defense, For Use of Road in the Colorado National Monument, 1972. Note: It is not clear if the terms of the contract were ever fulfilled. Other documentation regarding this agreement between the Department of Defense and the National Park Service was not found.
449Robert Benton, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 23 January 1994.
450Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1973" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2 August 1973), p. 2.
452Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Reports for August and December 1973" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 5 September 1973, 2 January 1974), pp. 1, 2.
453"Commercial Vehicle Regulation Established at National Monument," Fruita Times, 13 June 1974.
454"Stockmen Protest Closing of Glade Park Road," Daily Sentinel, 16 June 1974.
455"Truck Traffic Restrictions on Monument Road Eased," Daily Sentinel 25 June 1974.
456Mary Louise Giblin, "Road Hassle Subject of Meeting," Daily Sentinel, 21 July 1974.
457"Truckers Gain 24-Hour Access Through Monument," Daily Sentinel, 24 July 1974.
458Robert Demon, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for 1974-1976" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service).
459"Senseless Order," Daily Sentinel, 19 June 1974.
460"New Road a Must," Daily Sentinel, 27 June 1974.
461Alice Wright, "Colorado National Monument Growing," Westworld, 13 January 1977, Mesa County Library Clipping File.
464Secretary of Interior, Boundary Revision, "National Park Service Colorado National Monument," Federal Register (19 January 1978) vol. 43, no. 20, 4310-4311.
465Robert B. Kasparek, Henry A. Schoch, and Robert L. Randall, "Environmental Assessment: Commercial Vehicle Use in the Colorado National Monument," Colorado National Monument, Rocky Mountain Regional Office, United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, p. 1.
466Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for February 1978" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 10 March 1978); Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for August 1977" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service 6 September 1977).
467Kasparek, Schoch, and Randall, "Environmental Assessment," p. 1.
468Bob Randall, Case Incident Record, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 9 April 1979.
469Robert Benton, Environmental Review and Selected Alternative Concerning Commercial Vehicle Use In Colorado National Monument," 24 August 1979.
470Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for July 1979" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 7 August 1979), p. 4.
471Robert Benton, "Superintendent's Monthly Narrative Report for Colorado National Monument for June 1979" (Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 5 July 1979), p. 4.
472Robert Benton, "Environmental Review and Selected Alternative. ..." 24 August 1979.
473"County Investigates Glade Park Access," Daily Sentinel, 25 September 1979; "Alternate Road Plan Outlined for Glade Park," Daily Sentinel, 14 November 1979.
474Mary Louise Giblin, "Lack of Funds Stopping Roads," Daily Sentinel, November 1979; "County Officials Term Road Damage Major," Daily Sentinel, 11 March 1980.
475Cawley, "The Sagebrush Rebellion," p. 95.
476Short, Ronald Reagan and the Public Lands, pp. 10, 13; Lamm and McCarthy, The Angry West, p. 153.
477Lamm and McCarthy, The Angry West, p. 238.
478"County Seeks Congress Aid on Monument Road," Daily Sentinel, January 1980.
479Letter, Jay and George Van Loan, to Senator Gary Hart, 19 January 1980, Gary Hart Papers, Courtesy Western Historical Collections, University of Colorado at Boulder.
480Letter, Daniel J. Tobin Jr., Associate Director National Park Service, to the Honorable Ken Kramer, House of Representatives, 25 February 1980.
481Memorandum, Richard A. Strait, Associate Director Planning and Resource Preservation Rocky Mountain Region, to Assistant Manager Midwest/Rocky Mountain Team, Denver Service Center, 19 March 1980.
482Acting Assistant Manager, Midwest/Rocky Mountain Team, Denver Service Center, "Truck Route Study of Route 1 Colorado National Monument," 28 April 1980.
484Letter, Mesa County Commissioners to Cecil Andrus, Secretary of the Interior, 25 January 1980.
485Memorandum, Henry A. Schoch, Chief Ranger to Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 31 July 1980.
486Memorandum, Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, for Files regarding Meeting with Mesa County Board of Commissioners and Glade Park Residents, 1 August 1980.
487Dennis Huffman, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 6 February 1994.
488Memorandum, Lorraine Mintzmyer, Regional Director Rocky Mountain Region, to Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 27 August 1980.
489Lorraine Mintzmyer, Regional Director Rocky Mountain Region, "Briefing Statement: Escort Service Colorado National Monument," 29 September 1980.
490National Park Service Message Record, Phone Call, Dave Jensen and Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 23 September 1980.
491National Park Service Message Record, Phone Call, David Jensen to Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 23 September 1980; "Making Appropriations for the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies," 96th Congress, 2d Session, Senate Report # 96-1470, May 16.
492National Park Service Message Record, Phone Call, between Dave Jensen and Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 24 December 1980.
493"Park Escort Amendment is Approved," Rocky Mountain News, 26 September 1980.
495Memorandum, "Draft Special Regulation for Inclusion in 36 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 7," Dennis Huffman to Lorraine Mintzmyer, 8 April 1981.
496Letter, Douglas L. Jones, Secretary Piñon Mesa Livestock Association, to Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 15 June 1981.
497Mindy Pratt, "Monument Fee Prompts Brouhaha," Daily Sentinel, 9 July 1980.
498Letter, Ira. J. Hutchison, Director National Park Service, to Mr. and Mrs. Jeff Brent, 9 July 1981.
499"Glade Park Residents See Inequities in Rim Rock Fees," Fruita Times, 20 October 1982.
500Letter, Douglas A. Jones, Secretary of Piñon Mesa Livestock Association, to Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 15 June 1981.
502Mary Louise Giblin, "Rancher Heads to Court over Fee on Monument Road," Daily Sentinel, 1 August 1981.
Chapter Six
503"Glade Park Road Plan Fails to Please Enstrom," Daily Sentinel, 21 June 1980.
504Deed, David Wilkenson to John R. Wilkenson, Reception No. 1257437, Book 1314, Mesa County, Colorado, 19 May 1981, p. 296.
505John R. Wilkenson, Interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 17 August 1992, Orchard Mesa, Colorado.
506Copy of Application and Affidavit for Glade Park Permit, Colorado National Monument.
507John R. Wilkenson, Interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 17 August 1992.
508Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Henry Schoch, Chief Ranger, and Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 4 June 1981.
509Letter, John Wilkenson to Henry Schoch, Chief Ranger, and Dennis Huffman, Superintendent, 18 June 1981.
510Letter, Henry Schoch, Chief Ranger, to John R. Wilkenson, 22 June 1981.
511Federal Register (14 March 1982) Vol. 47, No. 52, p. 11598.
513Raymond Skiles, Supplementary Case/Incident Record, Colorado National Monument, 25 August 1981.
514Federal Register (13 February 1972) Vol. 37, No. 31.
515Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 24 June 1981.
517Letter, Chief Ranger Henry Schoch to John R. Wilkenson, 1 July 1981.
518Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 9 July 1981.
519Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 13 July 1981.
520Mary Louise Giblin, "Rancher Heads to Court over Fee on Monument Road," Daily Sentinel, 1 August 1981.
521Letter, Wilkenson to Schoch and Huffman, 18 June 1981.
522"U.S. Attorney Files for Dismissal of Suit on Monument Road," Daily Sentinel, 20 October 1981.
523Mary Louise Giblin, "Glade Park Access Case Moved to Federal Court," Daily Sentinel, 23 October 1981.
524John Wilkenson, "Glade Park: Jury or Jail? The Truth Behind the Glade Park Controversy," Palisade Tribune, 19 January 1984, p. 4.
525"Glade Park Man Seeks Trial Before Federal Judge," Daily Sentinel, 19 November 1981.
527Wilkenson, "Jury or Jail," Palisade Tribune, 19 January 1984.
528Mary Louise Giblin, "Glade Park Man to name Watt, Interior Department in Lawsuit," Daily Sentinel, 27 November 1981.
529Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Rick Enstrom, 10 September 1981.
530John R. Wilkenson, "Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs Motion to Include Mesa County Commissioners as Parties," 29 September 1982, p. 1, in John R. Wilkenson v. Department of the Interior, et al.
533"It's Official: County to Sue Park Service," Daily Sentinel, 18 August 1982.
534Minutes of County Commissioners' Meeting with Glade Park Residents Regarding the Possible Rim Rock Drive Lawsuit, 7 September 1982.
535Mary Louise Giblin, "County Sues Park Service on Glade Park Access Fee," Daily Sentinel, 27 December 1982.
537Henry A. Schoch, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 27 April 1994.
538"Longtime Chamber Support for Access to Glade Park Continues," News and Views, Issue #80-CUPS 112-870, August 1982.
539Lawsuit Overshadows Park, County Neighbor Cooperation," Fruita Times, 27 October 1982.
540"Glade Park Residents See Inequities in Rim Rock Fees," Fruita Times, 20 October 1982.
541"Park Service Mission said to Protect Lands for All: Monument Superintendent Huffman Grapples with Protection versus Road Use Problem," Fruita Times, 6 October 1982, p. 3.
542Mary Louise Giblin, "Glade Park Access Lawsuit 'Snagged in Bureaucracy,'" Daily Sentinel, 10 March 1983.
544John R. Wilkenson, Interview by Lisa Schoch, 17 August 1992.
545Jim Sullivan, "Group Forms to Oversee Government," Daily Sentinel, 2 March 1983.
546Henry Schoch, "Narrative of Events: Protest at East Entrance Colorado National Monument," 5 June 1983.
547Henry Schoch, "News Release, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service," 19 May 1983.
548Memorandum, Robert Powell to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 22 October 1982; Memorandum, Jerry Banta to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, ca. 1982; Memorandum, Duncan Burchard to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 20 October 1982.
549Henry Schoch, "Protest at East Entrance...," 3 June 1983.
550T. Michael Crowell, "Monument Gate Crashers Face Citations," Daily Sentinel, 26 July 1983; John Wilkenson, "Legal Notice Attention Colorado National Monument Employee," 24 July 1983.
551Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Superintendent Dennis Huffman, 22 July 1983.
552John Wilkenson, "Speaking the Public Mind: Unconscionable Trial Delay," Daily Sentinel, 13 October 1983.
533Index of Filings Regarding the Road Controversy on the East End of Colorado National Monument's Rim Rock Drive, Colorado National Monument Archive and Museum Collection.
554Bruce Black, "Proposal for the Orderly Litigation of Issues," Filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado, 9 December 1983, pp. 1-2, in United States of America v. John R. Wilkenson (Case No. 81-CR-210); United States of America v. John R. Wilkenson, et al. (Case No. 83-CR-388); John R. Wilkenson v. Department of the Interior of the United States et al. (Case No. 81-M-1825); Board of County Commissioners of Mesa County, Colorado, et al. v. James Watt, et al. (Case No. 82-Z-2171).
558Mary Louise Giblin, "Lawyers Want Merger in Glade Park Road Case," Daily Sentinel, 14 January 1984.
561John R. Wilkenson, "Response to Civil Defendants/Criminal Plaintiff's Motion for Order to Restructure; and Response to Summons in 83-CR-388; and Civil Plaintiffs/Criminal Defendant's Counter Proposal for the Orderly Litigation of the Issues" in United States District Court for the District of Colorado, 19 December 1983, p. 1, in John R. Wilkenson v. Department of the Interior of the United States, et al. (Case no. 81-M-1825); United States of America v. John R. Wilkenson (Case no. 8l-CR-210); United States of America v. John R. Wilkenson (Case no. 83-CR-388); Board of County Commissioners of Mesa County, Colorado, et al. v. James Watt, et al.
565Judge Richard P. Matsch, "Pre-Trial Order in the United States District Court, District of Colorado," 12 July 1984, in Board of County Commissioners of Mesa County, Colorado v. James Watt et al. (Civil Action No. 82-M-2171).
569Max Radin, Radin Law Dictionary, 2d ed. (Dobbs Ferry: Oceana Publications, Incorporated, 1970), p. 115.
570Matsch, "Pre-Trial Order," p. 4.
572Bruce Black, Assistant U.S. Attorney, "Motion to Dismiss, In the United Stares District Court, For the District of Colorado," in United States v. John R. Wilkenson, 24 August 1984, p. 2. (Criminal Case No. 81-CR-210).
573Judge Richard Matsch, "Proposed Order In the United Stares District Court for the District of Colorado," 15 May 1984.
574"Trial Brief of Board of County Commissioners, et al.," 21 August 1984, p. 5, in the U.S. District Court, District of Colorado, Board of County Commissioners of Mesa County, Colorado et al. v James Watt et al. (Civil Action No. 82-M-2171) and John R. Wilkenson v. Department of the Interior of the United States et al. (Civil Action No. 81-M-1825).
577Mary Louise Giblin, "No Fast Judgement Expected on Road," Daily Sentinel, 30 August 1984.
578Mary Louise Giblin, "Road Suit Could Affect Nation," Daily Sentinel, 4 April 1985.
580Mary Louise Giblin, "Glade Park Dwellers Need Access Permits," Daily Sentinel, 5 June 1985.
581Letter, John R. Wilkenson to Judge Richard P. Matsch, 9 December 1985.
582Judge Richard P. Matsch, "Memorandum Opinion and Order In the United States District Court for the District of Colorado," 2 May 1986, p. 3, in John R. Wilkenson v. Department of the Interior of the United States, et al. (Civil Action No. 81-M-1825) and Board of County Commissioners of Mesa County, Colorado, et al., v. James Watt, et al. (Civil Action No. 82-M-2171).
596"Judge Nixes Monument Segment Fee," Daily Sentinel, 3 May 1986, p. 4A.
598Dennis Huffman, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 6 February 1994.
600John Wilkenson, Interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 17 August 1992.
603Quoted by Bob Silbernagel, "Government Drops Glade Park Appeal," Daily Sentinel, 21 November 1986, 1B.
604Dennis Huffman, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 6 February 1994.
605William C. Everhart, The National Park Service (Boulder: Westview Press, 1983), p. 142.
606Freemuth, Islands Under Siege, p. 8.
607Dennis Huffman, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 6 February 1994.
Concusion
608Robert Benton, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 23 January 1994.
609Dennis Huffman, Telephone interview by Lisa M. Schoch, 6 February 1994.
611Quoted by Don Knox, "Monument Chief Holds Steady to Stand on Coors Bike Race," Rocky Mountain News, 13 February 1986, p. 30.
613Bob Silbernagel, "Park's Expansion Fuels BLM Battle," Daily Sentinel, 19 November 1989.
614Drew Munro, "Expansion of National Monument Draws Support of GJ Councilmen," Daily Sentinel, 16 November 1989.
615Department of the Interior/National Park Service, "Draft, Resource/Boundary Evaluation for Lands Adjacent to Colorado National Monument, Colorado," September 1989, pp. 1-2.
618Associated Press, "Agency Set to Battle For Lands," Daily Sentinel, 7 November 1989.
619Bob Silbernagel, "4 Groups Fight Monument Plan for Expansion," Daily Sentinel, 13 November 1989.
620Gary Harmon, "Neighbors Wary of Park Proposal," Daily Sentinel, 28 January 1989.
621Bob Silbernagel, "Regulation Differences Pointed Out," Daily Sentinel, 19 November 1989.
622Bob Silbernagel, "Groups Oppose Monument Expansion," Daily Sentinel, 26 January 1989: Bob Silbernagel, "4 Groups Fight Monument Plan... ," Daily Sentinel, 13 November, 1989.
623Bob Silbernagel, "Stock Trail Shutdown Spurs Feud," Daily Sentinel, 30 November 1989.
624Ginger Rice, "Cattlemen Press for Trail Drive," Daily Sentinel, 4 December 1989.
625Bob Silbernagel, "Head 'em Out: Ranchers Get OK to Use Monument Cattle Trail," Daily Sentinel, 3 May 1990.
626Bob Silbernagel, "Get Along Little Doggies: Cowpokes Herd 200 Head of Cattle Across Monument," Daily Sentinel, 8 May 1990.
627Todd Wilkinson, "Tribes Assert their Rights to Use National Parks," Denver Post, 13 December 1992.
Deborah Frazier, "Cuts Force National Parks to Adopt Austerity Plans," Rocky Mountain News, 3 December 1992, 10, 13.
Kevin McCullen, "Some Parks Could Close, Retiring Officials Warns," Rocky Mountain News, 1992.
| <<< Previous | <<< Contents >>> | Next >>> |
colm/adhi/adhi1-notes.htm
Last Updated: 09-Feb-2005