AMISTAD
American Indian Tribal Affiliation Study
Phase I: Ethnohistoric Literature Review
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AMISTAD American Indian Tribal Affiliation Study Phase I: Ethnohistoric Literature Review |
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| Site No. | Site Name(s) | Radiocarbon Dates/ Features | Rock Art | Perdiz | Toyah | Harrell | Garza | Fresno | Infierno | Misc. Arrow points | Other Diagnostic(s) | Comments |
| 41CX5 | Dunlap | 670B.P. +/- 80, 630+/-90, 540+/-100; ash pit; slab lined basin | X | dart points | ||||||||
| 41CX8 | Sotol | 400B.P.+/-60, 370 +/-60 | x | x | x | x | Sherd | |||||
| 41CX121 | 410B.P. +/-60 | |||||||||||
| 41CX125 | BRM; 520B.P. +/- 69 | |||||||||||
| 41CX126 | Hearth; 620B.P. +/- 60 | |||||||||||
| 41CX131 | 290+/-60, 290B.P. +/-50, 170B.P. +/-50 | |||||||||||
| 41CX136 | 400B.P. +/-60 | |||||||||||
| 41CX162 | Sotol Site | 489B.P. +/-70, hearth | ||||||||||
| 41CX209 | metal arrow point | |||||||||||
| 41CX216 | 520B.P. +/-60, 730B.P. +/-60, 520B.P. +/-50; BRM | x | ||||||||||
| 41CX217 | 660B.P. +/-60, BRM | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41CX273 | Howard's Well | 1872 Battle of Kiowa against military wagons | ||||||||||
| 41CX774 | Howard's Stage Depot | Standing walls | Dates to 1870s | |||||||||
| 41CX781 | x | Dorso Scraper | ||||||||||
| 41CX825 | Tipi ring | |||||||||||
| 41ED10 | 4 BRM | Sherds | ||||||||||
| 41ED54 | Lithic scatter; shelter | 1 misc. sherd; dart points | ||||||||||
| 41ED145 | Lithic scatter | Sabinal | ||||||||||
| 41KY16 | Lithic scatter | daub, bottle | possible Seminole Maroon camp | |||||||||
| 41KY17 | Lithics | possible Seminole Maroon camp | ||||||||||
| 41KY18 | possible Seminole Maroon farm | |||||||||||
| 41KY19 | Cemetery | Seminole Scout Cemetery, 1872-present | ||||||||||
| 41KY68 | Historic house foundation, chimney | glass, chert | Seminole House site | |||||||||
| 41KY69 | Ditch | Probable Seminole ditch | ||||||||||
| 41KY72 | lithics, mussel shell | Probable Seminole site | ||||||||||
| 41KY73 | Lithic scatter | x | x | dart points | ||||||||
| 41KY74 | Lithic scatter | x | dart points | |||||||||
| 41KY133 | Brooks Cemetery | 1880-1930 Cemetery | ||||||||||
| Coahuila | El Caido | Plains like rock art | ||||||||||
| ?? | South Kickapoo Springs | 1873 battle between 4th Cavalry and Comanche/ Kickapoo | ||||||||||
| NL92 | Cuevade la Zona de Derrumbres | Shelter | x | x | x | Starr, Soto, Talco, 3 misc. | ||||||
| NL103 | La Calsada | Shelter | x | x | Misc.; Starr | |||||||
| 41TE9 | Meyers Spring | horses, weapons, horned headress figures | ||||||||||
| 41TE10 | Pictograph | one figure, may be horse | ||||||||||
| 41TE61 | 740B.P. +/-90, 640B.P. +/- 90; 490B.P. +/-60, 450 +/-90, 390 +/-60, 360+/-80, 300 +/-60; hearth | |||||||||||
| 41TE97 | Shelter | 1 Liver-more | ||||||||||
| 41TE119 | Shelter & ring midden | Pottery | ||||||||||
| 41TE138 | 8-10 stone rings | x | ||||||||||
| 41TE147 | 1 stone ring | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41TE307 | Wroe Ranch | 630B.P. +/-110, 570B.P. +/-70 | Burial | |||||||||
| 41TE165 | 1 limestone ring | x | ||||||||||
| 41TE320 | 2 BRM | ? | ||||||||||
| 41TE330 | Jackson's site #59 | Plains petroglyphs (tipis, travel signs, arrows, bison, humans, horse tracks; possible guns) | ||||||||||
| 41TE374 | 3 BRM, hearths | x | dart points | |||||||||
| 41TE530 | BRM | 1 Bonham | dart points | |||||||||
| 41TE540 | 1 Sabinal | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41TE549 | BRM | 1 Bonham | dart points | |||||||||
| 41TE550 | BRM | 1 Sabinal | dart points | |||||||||
| 41TE581 | Stone ring | |||||||||||
| 41VV7 | Castle Canyon, Painted Cave | Rockshetlers w/ midden | Pictographs (horses, mission, riders) | x | x | x | ||||||
| 41VV8 | open midden, 2 caves | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV9 | midden | sherd | ||||||||||
| 41VV11 | Javalina Bluff | BRM, open scatter | x | Bonham | 12 sherds (Leon Plain) | |||||||
| 41VV18 | Jackson site 99 | Possible historic Indian pictograph | ||||||||||
| 41VV21 | BRM | x | x | |||||||||
| 41VV31 | Shelter, talus | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV34 | open scatter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV44 | BRM | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV46 | BRM, open scatter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV54 | Rockshelter | x | dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV72 | Seminole Waterhole | Bow & arrow; Red Monochrome figures; feather headresses | ||||||||||
| 41VV77 | Vaquero shelter; Jackson's site 89 | overhang | Historic Rock Art (site form calls it Apache) w/ mission & 3 crosses | |||||||||
| 41VV78 & 573 | Painted Canyon | BRM, overhang | People with bows & arrows in Red Monochrome style | |||||||||
| 41VV82 | Coontail Spin | Shelter; 600B.P. +/-190 | Sherds | |||||||||
| 41VV87 | Perry Calk | 690B.P. +/-50, 590B.P. +/-60; shelter | x | X | Cliffton | dart points | ||||||
| 41VV99 | Arenosa | A.D. 619-673, shelter Stratum 2A | x | x | x | x | Cliffton | |||||
| 41VV107 | Shelter with midden | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV109 | Javalina Cave | Shelter | x | |||||||||
| 41VV113 | Shumla Cave | Shelter | x | |||||||||
| 41VV142 | rockshelter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV169 | Live Oak Hole | Man on horse, Man w/ hair, bison [Turpin dates rock art to 1700-1775] | see VV827, 828, 844 | |||||||||
| 41VV180/ 205 | Rattlesnake Canyon/Miss-ionary Shelter | canyon wall | Mission like figures, one w/ arrow piercing him, crosses, horse | |||||||||
| 41VV187 | Parida Cave | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV188 | Devil's Mouth | x | x | Sherds (thin sections done) | ||||||||
| 41VV189 | Damp Cave | Shelter | x | |||||||||
| 41VV191 | Centipede Cave | A.D. 1043-1270 | x | x | Bonham, Cliffton | dart points | ||||||
| 41VV202 | ` | Bison pictograph | ||||||||||
| 41VV211 | Pictographs, no description, but site form says "historic Indian" | |||||||||||
| 41VV215 | Mosquito Cave | x | X | |||||||||
| 41VV216 | Zopilote Cave | X | Livermore | |||||||||
| 41VV226 | Caballo shelter | Horse pictograph; galloping; has bridle & reins, no saddle | ||||||||||
| 41VV233 | Lewis Canyon | Red Monochrome | Guerrero | "Discrete Geometric glyphs" are considered Late Prehistoric per Turpin & Bass (1999:4) | ||||||||
| 41VV257 | Hodge | 710B.P. +/-80 | ||||||||||
| 41VV259 | Langtry Sotol Pit | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV260 | Cammack Sotol | 625B.P. +/-185; BRM; burial | x | x | Cliffton, Soto, misc. | Radiocarbon assay was taken from burial | ||||||
| 41VV264 | Devil's Rockshelter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV301 | Nopal Terrace | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV327 | Hussie Miers | Indian on horse; Spanish figure w/ musket | ||||||||||
| 41VV328 | Hussie Miers Ranch | Several horses w/ mounted figures w/ Plains style headgear | ||||||||||
| 41VV339 | Horseshoes, horsemen impaled by speers; horses have Spanish ring bits | |||||||||||
| 41VV343 | Caballero Shelter | Church & horse carrying man w/ hat | across from 41VV869, and near 41VV485 | |||||||||
| 41VV347 | BRM | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV364 | 3 cairns; above Black cave; one cairn excavated | x | x | Scallorn | Dart points | |||||||
| 41VV365 | Black Cave Camp | Beveled end scrapers, beveled knives, prismatic blades | Sherds | near 41VV446 | ||||||||
| 41VV366 | One cairn overlooking Presa Canyon | Almagre | ||||||||||
| 41VV367 | Shelter, carins | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV369 | Stone ring above Presa Canyon | |||||||||||
| 41VV374 | Two cairns | |||||||||||
| 41VV398 | Cairn, stone ring, beveled end scraper | Infierno | ||||||||||
| 41VV401 | Rock wall, dry-laid | |||||||||||
| 41VV402 | Lithic scatter | x | Dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV403 | rock circle & 5 cairns | likely same site as 41VV404 | ||||||||||
| 41VV404 | 1 stone ring | |||||||||||
| 41VV405 | Gunflint of native origin | |||||||||||
| 41VV407 | Stone rings & cairns | Langtry, Frio | ||||||||||
| 41VV409 | Two stone rings | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV411 | Stone ring, 2-3 course high | |||||||||||
| 41VV412 | Stone hearths/stone alignments? | |||||||||||
| 41VV413 | Stone hearths/stone alignments? | |||||||||||
| 41VV422 | Techo Bajo | 740B.P. +/-60 | Dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV423 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV424 | Word's #1; Baker's Crossing | x | Sherds of clay pipe; two other sherds also | Camp Hudson established near here in 1857; pipe sherds are of native manufacture | ||||||||
| 41VV428 | Stone circle | |||||||||||
| 41VV433 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV444 | San Felipe Springs | x | Cliffton | Sherds; Dorso End scrapers | Location of Camp San Felipe 1857-1861; Camp del rio 1876-1896 | |||||||
| 41VV446 | Infierno Camp | 140+ features; 124 wickiup rings; 7 tipi rings; blade reduction, little burned rock | x | x | Sherds | |||||||
| 41VV448 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV449 | Stone Ring | |||||||||||
| 41VV450 | Cairns, two rings | Scallorn | ||||||||||
| 41VV485 | Dolan Springs | Pictograph w/ bison and man w/ musket | Metal arrow point | Near 41VV343 | ||||||||
| 41VV537 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV544 | Old Saloon Ruins | Artifact scatter with prehistoric & historic materials, including brass trigger guard, beveled end scrapers | x | in Seminole Canyon | ||||||||
| 41VV570 | Malone Ranch | Mission petrograph | ||||||||||
| 41VV597 | Possible rings & cairns, BRM | x | thumb-nail scrapers | |||||||||
| 41VV600 | Eight cairns, one ring | |||||||||||
| 41VV607 | Four rings | |||||||||||
| 41VV613 | ` | Four possible rings, BRM | dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV620 | Seminole Sink | Radiocarbon from cremation 390B.P. +/- 80; other radiocarbon - 470 +/-150; cremation, burials | ||||||||||
| 41VV627 | BRM, one ring, one possible cairn | |||||||||||
| 41VV632 | two rings; 2 stone alignments | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41VV635 | Six rings | x | x | x | ||||||||
| 41VV649 | Six rings | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV655 | Two rings | |||||||||||
| 41VV661 | AD 1290 (660+50 b.p.) | x | X | One sherd | ||||||||
| 41VV662 | Brite Terrace | Hearths, 660+/-50 B.P. | x | Sherds | ||||||||
| 41VV665 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV666 | Bailando Shelter | Rock art with "early Plains" style; also has Red Monochrome figures | ||||||||||
| 41VV736 | Buck King Cave | x | x | x | In Satan's Canyon | |||||||
| 41VV773 | One ring | |||||||||||
| 41VV778 | Two rings | |||||||||||
| 41VV792 | One cairn | |||||||||||
| 41VV795 | Dweese's Crossing or Vega | Old river crossing of Rio Grande; wagon ruts | ||||||||||
| 41VV821 | One ring, BRM | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41VV827 | 2 stone circles, BRM | Ensor | ||||||||||
| 41VV828 | Live Oak Creek | BRM, 4 tipi rings | Guerrero, Sabinal | 1 sherd, bifaces, Dorso end scraper; dart points | near Hussie Miers site, near waterhole | |||||||
| 41VV841 | 5 burned rock middens; 5 BRM; 2 hearths | x | possible gun flint, dart points | in Seminole Canyon, also has Archaic material | ||||||||
| 41VV844 | Robertson Camp | Stone features, disturbed | x | dart points | ||||||||
| 41VV869 | Dolan Creek | BRM | misc. arrow points | Sherd, 4 arrow points, 13 dorso end scrapers, dart points | ||||||||
| 41VV880 | Dolan Creek | Stone ring (possible tipi ring with central hearth or US Calvary tent remains), BRM | Caballero pictograph site | Military buttons & other historic materials, possible gunflint | Turpin & Davis (1993: 12) assign this to the 1857 battle at Snake Springs, base of Yellow Bluff | |||||||
| 41VV910 | Historic pictograph | Site form does not describe the pictograph | ||||||||||
| 41VV915 | Shelter | Pecos River rock art | x | dart points | ||||||||
| 41VV930 | Skyline Shelter | Shelter | x | x | dart points | |||||||
| 41VV1043 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV1088 | Shield Shelter | Pictograph: circle with ca. 30 crescents & wavy lines, Turpin and Davis (1993:11) believe this a Plains Indian type of symbol of horseshoes within a corral or moons enclosed in the sun, ca. 1700-1885 | ||||||||||
| 41VV1124 | One cairn | |||||||||||
| 41VV1131 | One ring; hearth | |||||||||||
| 41VV1160 | One cairn | |||||||||||
| 41VV1165 | BRM | x | dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV1207 | x | |||||||||||
| 41VV1217 | x | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41VV1274 | 3 stone circles, BRM | dart points | near Pecos high bridge | |||||||||
| 41VV1277 | 3 long piles of rock curving out from canyon rim, end scrapers | |||||||||||
| 41VV1288 | 2 (possibly 3) stone rings on bed rock, 3 m. diameter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV1312 | ` | 3 BRM | x | x | ||||||||
| 41VV1366 | 1 Dorso end scraper, BRM, hearth | |||||||||||
| 41VV1406 | Shelter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV1428 | Lt. Bullis trail | used in 1875 w/ Seminole | ||||||||||
| 41VV1457 | Shelter | x | ||||||||||
| 41VV1651 | Possible army camp near Bullis Trail, 2 linear rock features (possible tent outlines), 2 mortar holes | lithics, mussel fragments, historic ceramics, ca. 1875 | ||||||||||
| 41VV1697 | Hearths | x | dart points | |||||||||
| 41VV1723 | Tipi & Wickiup rings (several hundred); mortar holes; hearths | Sherds | ||||||||||
| 41VV1724 | Tipi & Wickiup rings (several hundred); mortar holes; hearths | |||||||||||
| 41VV1778 | Alternatively beveled knife, BRM | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41VV1781 | x (?) | dart points | ||||||||||
| 41VV1794 | Shelter | Rock art (no style) | x | |||||||||
| 41VV1800 | Cairn 3 m long & 1 m wide | |||||||||||
| 41VV1812 | Rock alignment | |||||||||||
| 41VV1818 | 4 cairns | Sabinal, Guerrero (?) | Dart points, blades, mussel shell, awls, thumbnail scrapers | near 41VV1800 | ||||||||
| 41VV1860 | Possible rock circle | |||||||||||
| 41VV1875 | Possible wickiup, 3 hearths | |||||||||||
| 41VV1876 | Possible rock alignment | |||||||||||
| 41VV1881 | 2 possible wickiups, 5 hearths | |||||||||||
| 41VV1884 | Possible wickiup | |||||||||||
| 41VV1889 | Wickiups, 25 hearths | |||||||||||
| x = present | ||||||||||||
| BRM = burned rock midden | ||||||||||||
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