Last updated: March 20, 2023
Article
Manzanar Camp Layout
NPS
In the early months of 1942, following America’s entry into World War II, President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the US Army to forcibly remove more than 112,000 people of Japanese ancestry from their homes and communities on the west coast; two-thirds were American citizens. Manzanar was one of ten remote war relocation centers to which they were sent. Enclosed by barbed wire, the mile-square camp area contained barracks, mess halls, and other buildings, and housed more than 11,000 incarcerees between March 21, 1942 and November 21, 1945.
Typical Block
Manzanar War Relocation Center had 36 residential blocks, separated by streets and firebreaks. Each block had 14 barracks (20’ x100’) which were typically divided into four 20’ x 25’ “apartments.” Blocks had separate men’s and women’s latrines and showers, laundry and ironing rooms, a recreation building, a mess hall, and an oil storage tank.
Each apartment was furnished with a single light bulb hanging from the ceiling, an oil-burning stove, and up to 8 cots. One outdoor faucet provided water for each barracks.
Manzanar’s addresses were comprised of the block, barracks, and apartment number. An address of “21-14-3” would indicate Block 21, barracks 14, apartment 3.
In all, there were 504 barracks, divided into more than 2,000 apartments. Some blocks and/or buildings were eventually set aside for special purposes such as schools, churches, and businesses. Most blocks boasted gardens and parks established by residents.
Walk around Manzanar today and you’ll see evidence of its World War II history. The concrete slabs of latrines, laundry, and ironing rooms are visible in many blocks. Some concrete pier blocks remain where barracks once stood. Rock gardens, alignments, and water spigots are also visible in many blocks.
As you explore Manzanar National Historic Site, please do your part to protect it. Do not disturb or collect any natural or cultural resources, artifacts, or other objects.
NPS