Chiricahua NM:A History of the Building and Structures of Faraway Ranch (Archeological Data Section

CHIRICAHUA

Historic Structure Report
Historical and Archeological Data Sections
A History of the Building and Structures of Faraway Ranch

III. ARCHEOLOGICAL DATA SECTION

TABLES

Table 1. PREHISTORIC LOCI: ISOLATED ARTIFACTS/ACTIVITY AREAS
CHIR 83A:IA

	LOCATION	DESCRIPTION	COMMENT

1	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, floodplain	Small rock ring	65 cm diameter; no charcoal present but probably historic/modern hearth
2	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, floodplain	Igneous secondary flake
3	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, floodplain	2 igneous primary flakes	1 w/intermittent retouch
4	Slope N of Bonita Creek above Faraway west pasture	4 igneous secondary flakes; 2 igneous cores
5	Faraway Meadow	Small boulder with shallow mortar hole	Located at east end of large trash dump (CHIR 83A-1:F20)
6	Faraway Meadow	Very light lithic scatter (n=10)	Crosscut by Hwy. 181; heavily disturbed
7	Between Faraway Meadow and west pasture	5 unretouched flakes
8	Ridge slope north of Faraway west pasture	1 obsidian corner-notched projectile point; 1 igneous secondary flake	Projectile point collected. Probably Late Archaic.
9	Ridge slope north of Faraway west pasture	2 brownware sherds; 2 igneous primary flakes; 1 igneous retouched flake	20-50 m below small cave
10	Ridge slope north of Faraway west pasture	Unifacial cobble chopper
11	Floodplain north of Bonita Creek opposite Faraway west pasture	2 igneous secondary flakes
12	Faraway west pasture	2 igneous secondary flakes	In Hwy. 181 roadbed
13	Ridge slope south of Faraway west pasture	2 igneous cores
14	Saddle between two peaks of Erickson ridge	1 chert retouched flake
15	Faraway west pasture, south slope	1 igneous secondary flake
16	Faraway west pasture	2 igneous secondary flakes; 1 igneous primary flake
17	Faraway west pasture	1 igneous core tool
18	Faraway Ranch area	5 igneous flakes; 2 igneous cores; 1 quartz flake	Heavily disturbed area
19	Faraway Ranch area	Boulder mortar	Not in situ; on front porch
20	Faraway Ranch area	Basin metate	Not in situ; part of path border stones
21	Faraway Ranch area	1 chert core; 4 igneous secondary flakes; 1 igneous shatter; 1 igneous retouched flake	Heavily disturbed area cut by Faraway dirt road
22	Stafford orchard	1 black-on-red sherd; 2 brownware sherds	Possibly part of site CHIR 83A-14
23	West of Stafford orchard	Large boulder w/2 mortar cups	In situ
24	North side of Bonita Creek opposite orchard	3 primary and 3 secondary igneous flakes	Heavily disturbed area
25	Ridge slope north of Faraway west pasture	1 igneous core tool
26	Ridge slope north of Faraway west pasture	Very light lithic scatter (n=10); 1 brownware sherd	Overlaps locus CHIR 83A-1:F64
27	Ridge slope north of Faraway Ranch area	1 igneous secondary flake
28	Ridge slope north of Stafford orchard	2 igneous cores
29	Faraway Ranch area	Trough metate	Not in situ; built into wall around ranch house

Table 2. PREHISTORIC LOCI: SITE INVENTORIES
CHIR 83A—

		CHIPPED STONE			GROUND STONE				CERAMICS
LOCATION		COR	DEB	RET	M	MT	BRM	P	BrW	RdW	DECORATED	COMMENTS

2	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, south slope	5	87	10				5	2
3	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, north slope	48	367	33	6	4	1	1	10	1	1 Mibres B/W	Collected: 1 obsidian projectile point base; 1 Mimbres B/W sherd
		(only a sample of artifacts inventoried; less than 25%)
4	North slope above Faraway Meadow	2	39	3					11
5	Faraway Meadow floodplain		16						3
6	South slope above Faraway Meadow	4	41	3					3		1 unidentified R/W; 1 Encinas R/Br	Collected: 1 obsidian drill base; 1 Encinas R/Br sherd
7	Faraway Meadow, floodplain	1	15				1		2		1 Encinas R/Br	Collected: 1 Encinas R/Br sherd
8	North slope west of Faraway west pasture	46	225	12	1	1			37		1 unidentified R/Br; 1 obliterated corrugated	Also 1 polishing pebble
9	South slope west of Faraway west pasture	7	108	4		1			15		2 unidentified R/Br; 3 Gila polychrome	Possible structure foundation
10	South slope above Faraway west pasture	5	56	1					32	1	1 unidentified R/Br; 1 incised BrW	Collected: 1 incised BrW sherd
11	South slope south of Faraway Ranch and Hwy. 181	2	41	2					6
12	South slope south of Faraway Ranch and Hwy. 181	4	31	2	1				3			Collected: 1 obsidian biface fragment
13	Along drainage between rocky outcrops south of Stafford orchard	x	x	?								Lithic quarry. No inventory.
14	Stafford orchard	13	121	11	2				31
15	North slope between Stafford cabin and Superintendent's house	x	x	x					x	x	1 Ramos polychrome	No quantitative inventory. Collected: 1 Ramos polychrome
16	South slope above Stafford orchard	x	x	x					x			No quantitative inventory

KEY:

x = present

CHIPPED STONE:	COR = Core or Tested Cobble DEB = Debitage (Primary Flakes, Secondary Flakes, Shatter) RET = Retouched Piece
GROUND STONE:	M = Mano MT= Metate BRM = Boulder or Bedrock Mortar P = Pestle
CERAMICS:	BrW = Brownware RdW = Redware Rd/W = Red-on-white R/Br = Red-on-brown B/W = Black-on-white

Table 3. Historic and 20th Century Loci: Isolated Artifacts
CHIR 83A—1:IA

	LOCATION	DESCRIPTION	COMMENTS

1	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, south slope	Broken clear glass bottle: 10 fragments; probably liquor	Manufacturer: Owens Illinois Glass Co. 1929-1954
2	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, south slope	Galvanized metal water trough, in situ; 15'6" x 1'3"	Possibly part of Ethel Erickson's ranch
3	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, north slope	Broken dark blue glass cup: ca. 25 fragments	Hand-blown Mexican glass; part of Faraway Ranch glassware set
4	Faraway Meadow	Small, unknown desiccated rubber(?) object	Collected for analysis
5	Faraway Meadow	.45-55 caliber cartridge case, center fire, internally primed	Dated headstamp: 1878. Collected
6	Faraway West Pasture	Rusted and crushed hole-in-top tin can	Height 4-11/16"; diameter 4-5/16"; probably 1880-1910
7	Faraway West Pasture	Glass telephone wire insulator, aquamarine	Embossed: "PATENTED MAY 2, 1893/HEMINGRAY No. 9"
8	Faraway West Pasture	Soldered seam tin can; poss. hole-in-top	Probably 1880-1910
9	Faraway West Pasture	Hole-in-top tin can	Probably 1880-1910; may be associated with F25
10	Faraway West Pasture	Bent metal pipe w/"O" ring at one end	Length = 21'6"; diameter = 1"
11	Faraway West Pasture	Glass telephone wire insulator fragments, aquamarine	Embossed: "———TED" "——1903"
12	Faraway West Pasture	Animal steel spring leg trap	Victor Brand, Oneida Community (Limited), Size No. 1 (?)
13	Faraway West Pasture	Horseshoe	Height 5-3/4"; maximum width 5-1/4"
14	Faraway West Pasture	Horseshoe	Height 5-1/4;"; maximum width 4-5/8"
15	Faraway West Pasture	Olive green glass bottle base fragment, embossed "BR——"	Probable manufacturer: H. Heye, Bremen and Hamburg; ca. 1880-1936
16	Faraway West Pasture	Metal tool, probably posthole auger
17	Faraway West Pasture	Rifle cartridge case center fire	Headstamp: Winchester Repeating Arms Co.; unknown caliber
18	Faraway Ranch Area	2 3"-diameter metal pipes, semiburied	Wire nails hammered into pipe; possibly used in fencing
19	Faraway Ranch Area	Small 7-can scatter	Includes 3 pre-1932 condensed milk cans
20	Faraway Ranch Area	Riding disc harrow/plow	Double lever, 12 16" discs
21	Faraway Ranch Area	Concrete slab reinforced w/pipe and rebar	3'7" x 3'9" x 5"; probably not in situ
22	Faraway Ranch Area	Flatbed farm wagon	Collapsed and decayed
23	Faraway Ranch Area	Unknown lapped sheet metal nailed on wood frame construction	Possibly part of former structure, not in situ
24	Faraway Ranch Area	Small pipe stock pile	3—1/2"-diameter pipes, variable length, laid on sawed timber rests
25	Faraway Ranch Area	Stove top	Probably wood/coal burning
26	Faraway Ranch Area	Galvanized metal water heater	Height 4'; diameter 1'
27	Faraway Ranch Area	Small 3-can scatter	Includes homemade feedbucket
28	Faraway Ranch Area	Metal pipe set in round, 9" thick, concrete pedestal	11' tall; flat cross-bar at top w/2 drill holes
29	Faraway Ranch Area	Galvanized metal animal trough 5' long, 8" wide, 5" deep.	Not in situ. Embossed "BROWER"
30	Faraway Ranch Area	Metal pipe	2 sections joined by collar. Total length = 26'3"
31	Faraway Ranch Area	Round point shovel blade and pump (?) handle
32	Faraway Ranch Area	5 cut-out tire walls and sections of 1-1/2" diameter rubber hoses	Rubber stockpile?
33	Faraway Ranch Area	Heavy wood frame construction consisting of 9' timbers joined by metal and wooden rungs	Possibly framing for building or a drag sled
34	Faraway Ranch Area	Bottle bin	Contains fragments of glass dating back to ca. 1920 or earlier
35	Faraway Ranch Area	Arched, wooden slats	Possible wagon cover frame?
36	Faraway Ranch Area	Small glass scatter	Includes fragments of embossed purple glass (pre-1917)
37	Faraway Ranch Area	Tripod w/suspended "O" ring on link chain	Legs manufactured w/ 10' long narrow gauge railroad track embossed "THYSSEN 28"
38	Faraway Ranch Area	Pipe stock pile	10 pipes of variable lengths and diameters; 1 pipe set in cement
39	Faraway Ranch Area	Bathtub "planter"	Enameled metal oval (5' x 2') bathtub reused as flower planter
40	Faraway Ranch Area	Boulder with drill holes	Holes probably drilled by power drill
41	Faraway Ranch Area	Trash barrel	Reused oil drum
42	Faraway Ranch Area	Pipe stock pile	5 pipes of variable lengths and diameters
43	Faraway Ranch Area	Probable walking plow part	Part of brace?
44	Faraway Ranch Area	Wooden gate or fencing section	ca. 6' x 4'; fallen to ground
45	Faraway Ranch Area	7" sledge	Minus handle; engraved: "——WERK"
46	Faraway Ranch Area	Hand-engraved block of rhyolite	"CCS FAULKNER"; probably part of original Garfield Monument (1886)
47	Faraway Ranch Area	Unidentified heavy cast metal round object w/"O" ring attached to top	Diameter = 18-1/2"; lid shaped with 24 1/2-inch holes around edge
48	Faraway Ranch Area	Name scratched on cement rim of pool	"CLAUDE NOLAND 5-24-47"
49	Faraway Ranch Area	2 glass telephone wire insulators attached to tree, 8' and 10' high	1 aquamarine; 1 clear; both embossed, "HEMINGRAY"
50	Stafford Orchard	Hole-in-top tin can w/wire handle	Reused as a small bucket for transporting tar asphalt into orchard
51	Stafford Cabin Area	.45—70 caliber cartridge case, center fire, externally primed	Dated headstamp: 1887. Collected.
52	Stafford Cabin Area	.44 caliber cartridge case, rimfire	.44 Henry flat; Collected. ca. 1860-1935 (popular in 19th century
53	Stafford Cabin Area	.40-65 caliber cartridge case, center fire	Headstamp: Winches ter Repeating Arms Co. WCF; collected. 1887-ca. 1935
54	Stafford Cabin Area	.38 caliber rifle cartridge case, center fire	Headstamp: Reining ton Union Metallic Cartridge Co. WCF
55	Stafford Cabin Area	Metal-framed, wheeled pushcart	2 tiers, U-shaped handle; overall height 37"; width 14-1/2;"; depth 17"
56	Stafford Cabin Area	Glass marble	Candy-stripe type of spiral marble, probably handmade; pre-1920. Collected
57	Stafford Cabin Area	2 wood timbers w/inset rollers	Timbers: 55" x 3-1/2" x 3-1/2;"; unknown function: possibly a skid
58	Stafford Cabin Area	Bottle finish	Brown glass beer bottle finish w/wire attachment scars; turn-of-the-century
59	Stafford Cabin Area	Metal barrel/oil drum recessed upright into ground, fully buried	Possibly adapted for use as a water sump/filter
60	N of Faraway Ranch	Strap buckle	Accommodates 7/8-inch strap, with sliding toothed crossbar.
61	N of Faraway Ranch	Hole-in-top can lid fragment	Associated with one piece of purple glass; about 1880-1910
62	N of Faraway Ranch	Metal surveyors' tripod	Leg length = 4'5 3/8"
63	Stafford Cabin Area	Wooden gate remains
64	North slope above Faraway West Pasture	14 small (2-1/4" diameter) metal disks w/ wire nails	Nails are hammered through center of disks into ground
65	Faraway Ranch Area	Broken wood trough	Plank board and wire nail construction ca. 10' long
66	Faraway Ranch Area	Galvanized metal rain gauge	ID# "USWB5176"
67	Stafford Cabin Area	Cast iron furnace or stove door plate	9-3/4" x 4-3/4" w/ oval swivel viewing hole; not in situ

Table 4. Historic and 20th Century Loci: Features
CHIR 83A-1:F

	LOCATION	DESCRIPTION	COMMENTS

1	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, south slope	Erickson cemetery	Gravesites of Neil, Emma, and Ben Erickson, as well as Louis Prue
2	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, S floodplain	Glass and can scatter	Mid-Late 20th century
3	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Small trash dump	Mid-Late 20th century
4	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Glass and can scatter with decaying wood and metal construction	Mid-Late 20th century
5	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Small can scatter	20th century
6	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present
7	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Small trash dump	Late 20th century
8	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
9	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, S floodplain	Small rock pile	About 16 x 15' x 6' high
10	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
11	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
12	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
13	Mouth of Bonita Canyon, N floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
14	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
15	Faraway Meadow north slope	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
16	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Small trash scatter	Mid-Late 20th century
17	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present but partially filled in
18	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Small trash scatter	Mid-Late 20th century
19	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Small trash scatter	Mid-Late 20th century
20	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Large trash dump	Early(?)—Late 20th century
21	Faraway Meadow floodplain	Hand-dug pit	Ca. 9' diameter; 14" deep
22	Faraway Meadow south slope	Borrow pit cut into slope	Ca. 25' x 25'Charcoal present; recent
23	Faraway West Pasture south slope	Two rock-ringed hearth's	Possibly structural
24	Faraway West Pasture floodplain	Series of rock alignments and clusters	Late 19th century. Probable location of part of military camp at Bonita Canyon.
25	South slope above Faraway West Pasture	Predominantly hole-in-top can and glass scatter in association w/rock features and alignments, including Garfield Monument site
26	Faraway West Pasture south slope	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present; recent
27	S slope S of Faraway Ranch and Hwy. 181	Rock cluster and rock alignment
28	S slope S of Faraway Ranch and Hwy. 181	Predominantly glass scatter in association w/some metal & several rock features	Late 19th century; probably related to F25 (military camp at Bonita Canyon)
29	Faraway West Pasture	Rock cluster	7' diameter
30	Faraway West Pasture	Large rock pile	60' x 10'
31	Faraway West Pasture	Glass and metal scatter	Late 19th century(?)
32	Faraway West Pasture	Linear rock pile	125' x 15'; fence line(?)
33	Faraway Ranch area	Windmill accessories and well fittings
34	Faraway Ranch area	Industrial/farm equipment trash scatter	Early-Late 20th century
35	Faraway Ranch area	Small trash pile	Mid-Late 20th century
36	Faraway Ranch area	Work area and hardware/equipment stock pile	Surrounds tool shed; 20th century
37	Faraway Ranch area	Work bench area	Attached to NE end of barn
38	Faraway Ranch area	Work table area and stock pile of wood frames	Adjacent to storage shed; 20th century
39	Faraway Ranch area	Small trash dump	Mid-Late 20th century
40	Faraway Ranch area	Trash and equipment scatter	North of generator house; 20th century
41	Faraway Ranch area	Cement platform	11' x 7'6"
42	Faraway Ranch area	Stone-lined trash pit (reused?)	Late 20th century; ca 10' diameter
43	Faraway Ranch area	Ash and trash filled depression	Pit greater than 3' deep
44	Faraway Ranch area	Salvaged board and corrugated sheet metal stock pile	Some boards burned
45	Faraway Ranch area	Hen house and animal troughs	Within stone-walled animal enclosure
46	Faraway Ranch area	Cement septic tank
47	Faraway Ranch area	Rock cluster	Oblong 3' x 2'; possible grave site(?)
48	Faraway Ranch area	Cement septic tank
49	Faraway Ranch area	Bridge abuttments (rock)	On both sides of Newton Wash
50	Faraway Ranch area	Rock pile	7-1/2;' x 7'
51	Faraway Ranch area	Rock pile	Oblong 5'5" x 2'; possible grave site
52	Faraway Ranch area	Rock alignment and ash dump	In an old drainage channel
53	Faraway Ranch area	Stone foundation (single course)	Roughly square 9' x 7-1/2'
54	Faraway Ranch area	Rock semi-circle	Possible hearth
55	Faraway Ranch area	Glass, ceramic, and metal scatter (disturbed)	Late 19th(?)—20th century
56	Faraway Ranch area	Salvaged board stock pile and hydraulic ram
62	Faraway Ranch area	Fenced enclosure and burned structure
63	Faraway Ranch area	Small trash scatter	Late 19th(?)—Late 20th century
64	Stafford Orchard	Partial foundation and burned remains of "Martha Stark cottage"	Burned in 1968. Debris removed by NPS.
65	Stafford Orchard	Pile of wood posts	Probably fence posts
66	Slope above NPS bunkhouse	Broken bottle glass scatter	Mid-Late 20th century
67	Stafford Orchard, E of NPS bunkhouse	Glass, ceramic, and metal surface scatter	20th century
68	Stafford Orchard	3 rock piles	Possibly related to field clearing
69	Stafford Orchard	Gravesite w/headstone	"R. Stafford"; Revelie Stafford, died about 1880?
70	Stafford Orchard	Small, ashy burned area w/2 cans	1 can contains asphalt or tar
71	Stafford Orchard	Two rock piles	One rock pile with 5 cans containing asphalt or tar
72	Stafford Orchard	Rock pile of large boulders	8' diameter
73	N side of Bonita Creek opposite Stafford Orchard	Large coal ash dump w/surface trash	20th century; coal accumulation measures 45' x 12' x 3' thick
74	N side of Bonita Ck opposite Stafford Orchard	Trash scatter w/coal ash	Mid—Late 20th century
75	N side of Bonita Ck opposite Stafford orchard	Small coal ash and trash scatter	20th century
76	Stafford Cabin area	Depression and metal scatter	Poss. former structure location
77	Stafford Cabin area	Trash scatter or dump	Mid—Late 20th century
78	Stafford Cabin area	Buried concrete slab	Only partially exposed
79	Stafford Cabin area	Surface metal, glass, and ceramic scatter	Late 19th—20th century
80	Stafford Cabin area	Rock cluster	Oblong 6' x 3'; possible gravesite
81	Stafford Cabin area	Rock alignment/enclosure	Single course; fence line?
82	Stafford Cabin area	Metal, glass, and ceramic scatter	Late 19th—20th century; poss. former structure location
83	Stafford Cabin area	Rock alignment
84	Stafford Cabin area	Rock-ringed hearth & scatter (mostly nails and metal)	Late 19th—20th century; poss. former structure location
85	Stafford Cabin area	Fence post bases	Probable gate
86	Faraway Ranch area	Glass, ceramic, and metal scatter	Late 19th-20th century; poss. not in situ
87	Stafford Orchard	Cinder block alignment	3 blocks in a row, partially buried
88	Faraway Ranch area	Adobe brick pile	Mostly melted
89	N side of Bonita Ck opp. Stafford Orchard	Large trash/coal ash dump	Mid-20th century; prob. joint CCC camp & Faraway Ranch dump
90	N of Faraway Ranch	Lookout post atop rocky outcrop	Prob. late 19th century; assoc. w/military camp at Bonita Canyon
91	N of Faraway Ranch area	Stone foundation	Roughly square 10' x 11'; poss. only 3-sided
92	N of Faraway Ranch area along Newton Wash	Rock alignments	Assoc. w/some Late 19th—Early 20th century artifacts
93	N of Faraway Ranch area	Rock-ringed hearth	Charcoal present but hearth silted in
94	N of Faraway Ranch area along Newton Wash	Glass scatter	Some glass possibly turn-of-the-century
95	N of Faraway Ranch area along Newton Wash	Glass bottle and hole-in-top can scatter	Late 19th century; prob. part of military camp at Bonita Canyon
96	N of Faraway Ranch area along Newton Wash	Glass and crimp-seam can scatter	Early 20th century?
97	Faraway Ranch area	Small rock pile	Poss. set-in depression
98	Faraway Ranch area	Semi-circular rock boulder cluster	Thought to be in vicinity of turn-of-the-century privy
99	E of Stafford Cabin	Concrete dam across Bonita Creek	Reported to have been constructed by Ed Riggs for a swim ming hole; ca. 1925-1950
100	E of Stafford Cabin	Well sump/spring box	ca. 1920s
101	Stafford Orchard	Concentration of burned wood boards	Unfinished lumber?

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Last Updated: 27-May-2008