Yellowstone Historic Resource Study The History of the Construction of the Road System in Yellowstone National Park, 1872-1966

169. Ernest D. Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1906 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1906), 2,256 and 2,258.

Appropriations for

1900	$55,000
1901	113,000
1902	250,000
1903	250,000
1904	133,000
1905	55,000

170. Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1906, 2,257.

171. Peek, 2,257.

172. Ernest Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1907 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1907), 2,463.

A new wooden abutment was built at the bridge over the Firehole River on the Fountain-Upper Basin road.

New decking was laid on the bridge 2 miles from the Thumb on the Upper Basin road; also on the bridge one-half mile from Norris on the Canyon road, and on the East Gardner Bridge on the Mammoth Hot Springs-Tower Falls route. New railings were placed on the bridge at Canyon Junction. Minor repairs were made on many of the other wooden bridges.

The bridge across Sulphur Creek was replaced by a fill 100 feet long and 14 feet deep. An iron culvert 3 feet in diameter was laid to carry the water.

A bridge 20 feet long, 2-1/2 miles from the Canyon on the Lake road, was replaced by a culvert and the necessary fill made.

Tile culverts were laid at 1-1/2 miles on the Gardiner-Springs road, at 10-1/2 miles on the Springs-Norris, at 7-7/8 miles on the Norris-Fountain, at 6-3/4 miles on the Upper Basin-Thumb, and in addition thereto a small bridge was put in at 9-1/2 miles on the same road. Three culverts were also laid on the Canyon-Inspiration Point road.

173. Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1907, 2,821.

174. Peek, 2,466 and 2,467.

175. Ibid., 2,468.

176. Ernest Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1908 (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1908), 2,544 and 2,545.

New decking was laid on two bridges across the Firehole River, one crossing being near the

Riverside Geyser and the other on the Upper Basin-Thumb road at the junction with Spring Creek.

A small additional bridge was put in on the flat near De Lacy Creek.

The bridge across Alum Creek, some 120-feet long, was replaced by a fill and a 30-inch culvert.

The 25-foot bridge at Obsidian Cliff and the 15-foot bridge at Apollinaris were each replaced by grade and it was also straightened. A fill of a foot was also made at Apollinaris.

Four 12-inch culverts were put in on the West road, and one 12-inch culvert at 9-1/2 miles on the Norris-Fountain road, all of corrugated sheet iron, riveted together. Such culverts are far superior to tile, as they are lighter, more easily laid, and more satisfactory. They are riveted bands, 2 feet long, made into a single length as required, so that there is no trouble from the separation of sections, which often happens in tile culverts, and which very often is the cause of the earth being washed away at the joints and making holes in the road. These iron culverts do not require more than an inch of earth to cover them, and they can therefore be used where tile is not feasible. Tiles, as a rule, require 18 inches of covering to make them safe against breakage.

177. Peek, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1908, 2,545.

178. Peek, 2,549.

179. Ibid., 2,549. For additional information see chapter on proposed roads.

180. 1st Lt. Wildurr Willing and Maj. C. W. Kutz, Report Upon the Construction, Repair, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park, and Report Upon the Road Into Mount Rainier National Park, Appendices GGG and HHH (Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1909), 2,510 and 2,511.

181. Willing and Kutz, Report Upon the Construction, Repair, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park, and Report Upon the Road Into Mount Rainier National Park, Appendices GGG and HHH, 1909, 2,513.

182. Maj. H.C. Benson, Fifth Cavalry, Acting Superintendent Yellowstone National Park to Mr. H.W. Child, President, Yellowstone Park Transportation Company, 18 April 1910. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

183. Secretary of War, J.M. Dickinson, to Secretary of the Interior, 26 April 1909. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

184. F.J. Haynes, President of Monida and Yellowstone Stage Company to R.L. Lomax, General Passenger Agent, Union Pacific Railroad, 14 April 1909. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

185. "Report of Inspection of Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park, made September 24, 25, and 26, 1909," with recommendations by request of Capt. Wildurr Willing, Corps of Engineers, U.S.A.

186. Capt. Wildurr Willing and Maj. C. W. Kutz, Report Upon the Construction, Repair, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park and Report Upon the Road Into Mount Rainier National Park (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1910), 2736.

187. Maj. H.P. Benson, Acting Superintendent Yellowstone National Park to Secretary of Interior R. Ballinger, 18 April 1910. Maj. H.C. Benson, Fifth Cavalry, Acting Superintendent Yellowstone National Park to H.W. Child, President, Yellowstone Park Transportation Company, 18 April 1910. Major Benson received a telegram from the Superintendent of Yosemite National Park requesting drawings and specifications of the road water tanks. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

188. Child to Benson, 20 April 1910. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

189. Benson to Ballinger, 18 April 1910. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

190. Mr. F.T. Crowe, Superintendent of Construction, United States Reclamation Service to R. Ballinger, 11 June 1910. Benson to Crowe 18 June 1910. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

191. Capt. C. H. Knight, Maj. J. B. Cavanaugh and Maj. Jay J. Morrow, Report Upon the Construction, Repair, and Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in the Yellowstone National Park, and Report Upon the Road Into Mount Rainier National Park, Appendices HHH and III (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1912), 3,031-3,032.

192. Acting Superintendent to James Moore and Will Moore, 17 October 1910. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.

193. W.H. Davis, Chairman Board of Commissioners, Gallatin County, Montana, to Col. L. M. Brett, Acting Superintendent Yellowstone National Park, 14 October 1911. Yellowstone National Park Archives, Yellowstone National Park.