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CAPE LOOKOUT
Vegetation and Ecological Processes on Shackleford Bank, North Carolina NPS Scientific Monograph No. 6 |
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APPENDIX I:
CHECKLIST OF PLANTS ON SHACKLEFORD BANK
Macrolichens |
| Cladonia bacillaris (Ach.) Nyl.1 |
| Cladonia coniocraea (Flörke) Spreng. |
| Cladonia cristatella Tuck. |
| Cladonia evansii Abb. |
| Cladonia leporine Fr. ex Tuck. |
| Cladonia parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. |
| Cladonia subcariosa Nyl. |
| Cladonia subtenius (Abb.) Evans |
| Collema subfurvum (Müll. Arg.) Degel.1 |
| Dirinaria aegialita (Ach.) Moore |
| Leptogium cyanescens (Pers.) Korb.1 |
| Leptogium phyllocarpum (Pers.) Mont. |
| Parmelia dominicana Vain. |
| Parmelia perforata (Jacq.) Ach. |
| Parmelia reticulata Tayl. in Mack. |
| Parmelia rudecta Ach. |
| Parmelia tinctorum Nyl. |
| Physcia albicans (Pers.) Thoms. |
| Physcia tribacoides Nyl. |
| Ramalina willeyi Howe. |
| Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norm. |
| Usnea strigosa (Ach.) A. Eat. |
BRYOPHYTA |
HEPATICAE |
| Frullania eboracensis Goffsche |
| Leujeunea flava (Sw.) Nees. |
Musci |
| Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) B.S.G. |
| Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) J. Lange |
| Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. |
| Clasmatodon parvulus (Hainpe) Hook. & Wils. ex Sull. |
| Cicranum scoparium Hedw. |
| Dicranum sabuletorum Ren. & Card. |
| Entodon cladorrhizans (Hedw.) C. Müll. |
| Entodon seductrix (Hedw.) C. Müll. |
| Isopterygium micans (Sw.) Broth. |
| Leucodon julaceus (Hedw.) Sull. |
| Rhynchostegium serrulatum (Hedw.) Jaeg. & Sauerb. |
| Sematophyllum adnatum (Michx.) Britt. |
| Thelia lescurii Sull. |
| Tortella humilis (Hedw.) Jonn. |
PTERIDOPHYTA |
OSMUNDACEAE |
| Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray (Royal fern) |
| PTERIDACEAE |
| Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Bracken fern) |
| ASPIDIACEAE |
| Thelypteris palustris Schott (Marsh fern) |
| BLECHNACEAE |
| Anchistea virginica (L.) Presl (Virginia chain fern) |
| ASPLENIACEAE |
| Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes (Ebony spleenwort) |
| POLYPODIACEAE |
| Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt (Resurrection fern) |
GYMNOSPERMAE |
PINACEAE |
| Pinus taeda L. (Loblolly pine) |
| CUPRESSACEAE |
| Juniperus virginiana L. (Red cedar) |
ANGIOSPERMAE |
Monocotyledons |
TYPHACEAE |
| Typha latifolia L. (Common cattail) |
| ZOSTERACEAE |
| Zostera marina L (Eel-grass) |
| JUNCAGINACEAE |
| A. Triglochin striata R. & P. (Arrow grass) |
| ALISMATACEAE |
| Sagittaria falcata Pursh (Arrow-head) |
| Sagittaria latifolia Willd. (Duck potato) |
| POACEAE (GRAMINEAE) |
| B. Andropogon littoralis Nash (Dune bluestem) |
| Andropogon virginicus L. (Broom sedge) |
| Cenchrus tribuloides L. (Sandspur, sandbur) |
| Chloris petraea Swartz (Finger grass) |
| Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Bermuda grass) |
| Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koel. (Crab grass) |
| Digitaria anguinalis (L.) Scop. (Crab grass) |
| Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene (Salt grass) |
| Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. (Barnyard grass) |
| Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller. (Walter's barnyard grass) |
| Elymus virginicus L. (Wild rye grass) |
| Eragrostis elliottii S. Wats. (Love grass) |
| Festuca myuros L. (Fescue) |
| W. Festuca octoflora Walt. (Fescue) |
| Festuca rubra L. (Fescue) |
| Melica mutica Walt. (Melic grass) |
| Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. (Purple muhly) |
| Oplismenus setarius (Lam.) Room. & Schult. |
| Panicum anceps Michx. (Beaked panic grass) |
| Panicum anceps var. rhizomatum (Hitchc. & Chase) Fern |
| Panicum commutatum Schult. (Panic grass) |
| Panicum lancearium Trin. (Panic grass) |
| Panicum sphaerocarpon Ell. (Panic grass) |
| Panicum spretum Schult. (Panic grass) |
| Panicum virgatum L. (Switch grass) |
| F. Panicum virgatum var. cubense Griseb. (Panic grass) |
| Paspalum distichum L. (Paspalum) |
| Paspalum floridanum Michx. (Paspalum) |
| W. Paspalum laeve Michx. (Paspalum) |
| Paspalum setaceum Michx. (Paspalum) |
| Paspalum vaginatum Swartz (Smooth-knotgrass) |
| Phalaris caroliniana Watt. (Canary grass) |
| Poa annua L. (Blue grass) |
| Poa pratensis L. (Blue grass) |
| Polypogon monospeliensis (L.) Desf. (Rabbitfoot grass) |
| Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash |
| Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. (Foxtail grass) |
| Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. (Foxtail grass) |
| A. Setaria magna Griseb. (Foxtail grass) |
| Sorghastrum olliottii (Mohr) Nash (Indian grass) |
| Spartina alterniflora Loisel. (Salt marsh cordgrass) |
| Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. (Salt meadow cordgrass) |
| Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. (Wedge grass) |
| Sporobolus poiretii (R. & S.) Hitchc. (Smut grass) |
| Stipa avenacea L. (Needle grass) |
| Tridens flavus (L.) Hitchc. (Red-top) |
| Triplasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapm. (Purple sand grass) |
| W. Trisetum pennsylvanicum (L.) Beauv. |
| Uniola laxa (L.) B.S.P. (Spike grass) |
| Uniola paniculata L. (Sea Oats) |
| CYPERACEAE |
| A. Bulbostylis stenophylla (Ell.) Clarke |
| Carex alate Torr. (Sedge) |
| F. Carex nigromarginata var. fioridana (Schwein.) Kukenth. |
| Cladium jamaicense Crantz (Saw grass) |
| Cyperus filicinus Vahl. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus flavescens L. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus globulosus Aubl. (Cyperus) |
| A. Cyperus haspan L. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus odoratus L. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus polystachyos var. texensis (Torr.) Fern. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus retrorsus Chapm. (Cyperus) |
| Cyperus strigosus L. (Cyperus) |
| Dichromena colorata (L.) Hitchc. (Whitetop-sedge) |
| Eleocharis albida Torr. (Spike rush) |
| A. Eleocharis fallax Weath. (Spike rush) |
| Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urban. (Spike rush) |
| F. Fimbristylis caroliniana (Lam.) Fern. |
| Fimbristylis castanea (Michx,) Vahl |
| F. Fuirena breviseta Coville (Umbrella grass) |
| Fuirena squarrosa Michx. (Umbrella grass) |
| Rhynchospora odorata Griseb. (Beak-rush) |
| ARECACEAE (PALMAE) |
| Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. (Palmetto) |
| ARACEAE |
| Acorus calamus L. (Calamus) |
| BROMELIACEAE |
| Tillandsia usneoides L. (Spanish moss) |
| COMMELINACEAE |
| Commelina erecta L. (Day flower) |
| JUNCACEAE |
| Juncus biflorus Ell. (Rush) |
| Juncus coriaceus Mackenz. (Rush) |
| W. Juncus dichotomus Ell. (Rush) |
| Juncus megocephalus M. A. Curtis (Rush) |
| Juncus roemerianus Scheele (Rush) |
| Juncus tenuis Willd. (Rush) |
| LILIACEAE |
| F. Northoscordum bivalve (L. ) Britt. (False-garlic) |
| Smilax auriculata Walt. (Catbrier) |
| Smilax bona-nox L. (China brier) |
| Smilax glauca Walt. (Glaucous-brier) |
| Smilax laurifolia L. (Bamboo) |
| Yucca gloriosa L. (Spanish dagger) |
| IRIDACEAE |
| Sisyrinchium mucronatum var. atlanticum (Bickn.) Ahles (Blue-eyed-grass) |
| ORCHIDACEAE |
| Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad (Coral root) |
| Spiranthes vernalis Engel & Gray (Nodding ladies'-tresses) |
Dicotyledons |
SALICACEAE |
| Populus alba L. (White poplar) |
| Salix caroliniana Michx. (Swamp willow) |
| MYRICACEAE |
| Myrica cerifera L. (Wax myrtle) |
| BETULACEAE |
| Carpinus caroliniana Watt. (Ironwood) |
| FAGACEAE |
| Quercus phellos L. (Willow oak) |
| Quercus virginiana Mill. (Live oak) |
| MORACEAE |
| Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schnoid. (Osage-orange) |
| Morus rubra L. (Red mulberry) |
| URTICACEAE |
| Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. (False-nettle) |
| A. Parietaria floridana Nutt. |
| Pilea pumila (L.) Gray (Clearweed) |
| LORANTHACEAE |
| Phoradendron serotinum (Raf.) M.C. Johnston (Mistletoe) |
| POLYGONACEAE |
| Polygonum glaucum Nutt. (Smartweed) |
| Polygonum lapithifolium L. (Smartweed) |
| Polygonum punctatum Ell. (Smartweed) |
| CHENOPODIACEAE |
| Atriplex arenaria Nutt. (Sea beach orach) |
| W. Atriplex patula L. |
| Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Mexican tea) |
| Salicornia bigelovii Torr. (Dwarf glasswort) |
| Salicornia virginica L. (Perennial glasswort) |
| Salsola kali L. (Goosefoot saltwort) |
| AMARANTHACEAE |
| Amaranthus pumilus Raf. |
| A. Iresine rhizomatosa Standl. |
| PHYTOLACACEAE |
| A. Phytolacca americana L. (Pokeweed) |
| AIZOACEAE |
| Molluglo verticillata L. (Carpet weed, Indian-chickweed) |
| CARYOPHYLLACEAE |
| Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb. (Sandwort) |
| Arenaria serpyllifolia L. (Sandwort) |
| Cerastium gluomeratum Thuillier (Mouse-ear chickweed) |
| Paronychia riparia Chapm. |
| Silene antirrhina L. (Sleepy-catchfly) |
| Stellaria media (L.) Cyrill. (Chickweed) |
| CERATOPHYLLACEAE |
| Ceratophyllum demosorsum L. (Hornwort) |
| RANUNCULACEAE |
| A. Clematis ligustioifolia Nutt. ex T. & G. |
| Ranunculus scleratus L. (Buttercup) |
| MAGNOLIACEAE |
| Magnolia virginiana L. (Sweet bay) |
| LAURACEAE |
| Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. (Red bay) |
| BRASSICACEAE (CRUCIFERAE) |
| Cakile edentula (Bigel.) Hook. (Sea rocket) |
| Cardamine hirsuta L. (Bitter cress) |
| Lepidium virginicum L. (Peppergrass) |
| ROSACEAE |
| Prunus caroliniana (Mill.) Ait. (Laurel cherry) |
| Rubus trivialis Michx. (Dew berry) |
| FABACEAE (LEGUMINOSAE) |
| Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. (Beggar lice) |
| Desmodium perplexum Schub. (Beggar lice) |
| Calactia macreei M. A. Curtis |
| Strophostyles helvola (L.) Ell. (Wild bean). |
| A. Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britt. |
| Trifolium dubium Sibth. (Clover) |
| LINACEAE |
| Linum virginianum var. medium Planch. (Flax) |
| OXALIDACEAE |
| F. Oxalis europaea Jord. |
| GERANIACEAE |
| Geranium carolinianum L. (Cranes bill) |
| RUTACEAE |
| Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L. (Hercules'-club) |
| EUPHORBIACEAE |
| A. Acalypha gracilens Gray (Three-seeded mercury) |
| Cnidoscolus stimulosus (Michx.) Englem & Gray |
| Croton glandulosus L. (Croton) |
| Croton punctatus Jacq. (Silver-leaf croton, beach tea) |
| Euphorbia maculata L. (Spurge) |
| Euphorbia polygonifolia L. (Beach spurge) |
| ANACARDIACEAE |
| Rhus copallina L. (Dwarf or winged sumac) |
| Rhus radicans L. (Poison ivy) |
| AQUIFOLIACEAE |
| Ilex glabra (L.) Gray (Gallberry) |
| Ilex opaca Ait. (American hotly) |
| Ilex vomitoria Ait. (Yaupon) |
| RHAMNACEAE |
| Borchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch (Rattan vine) |
| VITACEAE |
| Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne (Pepper vine) |
| Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Virginia creeper) |
| Vitis aestivalis Michx. (Summer grape) |
| W. Vitis labrusca L. (Grape) |
| Vitis rotundifolia Michx. (Muscadine grape) |
| MALVACEAE |
| Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl (Seashore mallow) |
| HYPERICACEAE |
| Hypericum gentianoides (L. ) B.S.P. (Pineweed) |
| Hypericum hypercaides (L.) Grantz (St. Andrew's cross) |
| W. Hypericum mutilum L. (St. John's-wort) |
| CISTACEAE |
| Helianthemum corymbosum Michx. (Frostweed) |
| Helianthemum georgianum Chapm. (Frostweed) |
| Lechea villosa Ell. (Pin weed) |
| VIOLACEAE |
| Viola primulifolia L. (Violet) |
| PASSIFLORACEAE |
| Passiflora lueta L. (Yellow-passion-flower) |
| CACTACEAE |
| Opuntia drummondii Graham (Fragile prickly pear) |
| F. Opuntia humifusa Raf. (Prickly pear) |
| LYTHRACEAE |
| Ammannia teres Raf. |
| A. Cuphea carthagensis (Jacq.) Macbr. |
| Lythrum lineare L. (Linear-leaved loosetrife) |
| ONAGRACEAE |
| Gaura angustifolia Michx. |
| Ludwigia alata Ell. |
| Ludwigia martima Harper |
| Ludwigia microocarpa Michx. |
| Ludwigia palusitis (L.) Ell. |
| Oenotheria humifusa Nutt. (Seabeach evening primrose) |
| APIACEAE (UMBELLIFERAE) |
| Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. (Pennywort) |
| Cicuta maculata L. (Water hemlock) |
| Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. (Seaside pennywort) |
| Hydrocotyle umbellata L. (Marsh pennywort) |
| Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. (Mock bishops weed) |
| Sanicula canadensis L. (Black snakeroot) |
| NYSSACEAE |
| W. Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. (Black gum) |
| CORNACEAE |
| Cornus florida L. (Flowering dogwood) |
| Cornus stricta Lam. (Dogwood) |
| ERICACEAE |
| Vaccinium atrocaccum (Gray) Heller (Blueberry) |
| PRIMULACEAE |
| Samolus parviflorus Raf. (Water pimpernel) |
| PLUMBAGINACEAE |
| Limonium carolinianum (Walt.) Britt. (Sea lavender) |
| SAPOTACEAE |
| Bumelia lyciodes (L.) Pers. (Chittumwood) |
| EBENACEAE |
| Diospyros virginiana L. (Persimmon) |
| OLEACEAE |
| Osmonthus americanus (L.) Gray (Wild olive) |
| LOGANIACEAE |
| A. Cynoctonum mitreola (L. ) Britt. (Mitterwort) |
| Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) Ait. f. (Yellow jessamine) |
| Polypremum procumbens L. |
| GENTIANACEAE |
| Sabatia stellaris Pursh (Sea pink, marsh pink) |
| ASCLEPIADACEAE |
| Asclepias lancoolata Walt. (Marsh milkweed) |
| Cynanchum palustre (Pursh) Heller |
| Matelea suberosa (L.) Shinners |
| CONVOLVULACEAE |
| W. Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. |
| W. Cuscuta gronovii Willd. (Dodder) |
| Ipomoea sagittata Cav. (Morning glory) |
| VERBENACEAE |
| Callicarpa americana L. (Beauty berry, French mulberry) |
| Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx. (Capeweed, frogbit) |
| Verbena scabra Vahl. |
| LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE) |
| Lycopus virginicus L. |
| Monarda punctata L. (Horsemint) |
| Teucrium canadense L. (Wood sage) |
| Trichostema dichotomum L. (Blue curls) |
| SOLANACEAE |
| F. Physalis maritima M. A. Curtis (Ground cherry) |
| Solanum carolinense L. (Nightshade) |
| A. Solanum gracile Link. (Nightshade) |
| SCROPHULARIACEAE |
| Agalinis maritima (Raf.) Raf. (Gerardia) |
| Aureolaria laevigata (Raf.) Raf. |
| Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (Water hyssop) |
| Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. (Blue toad-flax) |
| Verbascum thapsus L. (Mullen) |
| Veronica arvensis L. (Corn speedwell) |
| PLANTAGINACEAE |
| Plantago virginica L. (Dwarf plantain) |
| RUBIACEAE |
| Diodia teres Walt. (Poorjoe) |
| Diodia virginiana L. (Buttonweed) |
| A. Galium obtusum Bigel. (Bedstraw) |
| Galium pilesum Ait. (Bedstraw) |
| Mitchella repens L. (Partridge berry) |
| CAPRIFOLIACEAE |
| Lonicera japonica Thumb. (Japanese-honeysuckle) |
| VALERIANACEAE |
| Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. (Corn salad) |
| CUCURBITACEAE |
| A. Melothria pendula L. (Creeping-cucumber) |
| CAMPANULACEAE |
| Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. (Venus looking glass) |
| ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE) |
| A. Achilloa millofolium L. (Milfoil) |
| Aster subulatus Michx. (Aster) |
| Aster vimineus Lam. (Aster) |
| Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Lesser-ragweed) |
| Baccharis halimifolia L. (Silverling, sea myrtle) |
| Bidens bipinnata L. (Spanish needles) |
| Bidens laevis (L.) B.S.P. (Beggar ticks) |
| Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. (Sea ox-eye) |
| F. Chrysopsis graminifolia (Michx.) Ell. (Golden aster) |
| F. Cirsium horridulum Michx. (Yellow thistle) |
| G. Conza canadensis (L.) Cronq. (Horseweed) |
| W. Coreopsis |
| Elephantopus nudatus Gray (Elephant's foot) |
| Elephantopus tomentosus L. (Elephant's foot) |
| Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. (Fireweed) |
| Erigeron quercufolius Lam. |
| Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small (Yankee weed) |
| Eupatorium dubium Willd. |
| Gaillardia pulchella Foug. (Blanket flower) |
| Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. (Rabbit tobacco) |
| Gnaphalium purpureum L. (Cudweed, Indian tobacco) |
| Gnaphalium purpureum var. spathulatum (Lam.) Ahles |
| Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby (Camphor weed) |
| Hieracium gronovii L. (Hawkweed) |
| Iva frutescens L. (Shrubby marsh elder) |
| Iva imbricata Walt. (Seashore elder) |
| Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. (Dwarf dandelion) |
| Lactuca canadensis L. (Wild lettuce) |
| Lactuca graminifolia Michx. (Button snakeroot) |
| Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. (Climbing hempweed) |
| Pluchea footida (L.) B.S.P. (Viscid pluchea) |
| Pluchea purpurascens (Sw.) DC. |
| Pluchea rosea Godfrey |
| Salidago |
| Solidago sempervirens L. (Goldenrod) |
| S. Sonchus asper L. ( Hill.) |
| Xanthium strumarium L. (Cocklebur) |
1 Collected by Martyn Dibben A. Specimens collected by W. R. Anderson B. Nomenclature follows H. L. Blomquist (1948) F. Nomenclature follows M. L. Fernald (1950) G. Nomenclature follows H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist (1963) W. Specimens collected by R. L. Wilbur |
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