Nez Perce Forlorn Hope: The Battle of White Bird Canyon

Chapter I

1. "Lawrence Ott," An Illustrated History of North Idaho (Western Historical Publishing Company, 1903), p. 513.

2. Old Timer's Statement, packet 150, item 29, McWhorter Collection (Washington State University Library Archives, Pullman, Washington).

3. W. H. Babcock, "Joseph, The Nez Perce, Harper's New Monthly Magazine 58 (1878), p. 109.

4. Michael McCarthy, "Diary," June 27, 1877 (Journals and Papers of Michael McCarthy, Library of Congress).

5. "The American Indians," The Times (London, England). July 3, 1877, p. 10.

6. Will J. Trimble, "A Soldier of the Oregon Frontier, " The Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society 8 (1907), pp. 47-48.

Chapter II

1. George Popham, "From the Scene of Hostilities," Lewiston Teller, June 30, 1877, p. 4.

2. Statement of Isabella Robie, November 9, 1889 Claim of Isabella Robie, no. 10557, Records of the Assistant Attorney General for Claims Cases, Record Group 205, National Archives.

3. Account of Isabella Benedict in Charlotte M. Kirkwood, The Nez Perce Indian War Under Chief Joseph and Whitebird (Grangeville, 1928), p. 51.

4. Helen J. Walsh, "Incidents of an Indian Murder," Lewiston Teller, September 9, 1877, p. 2.

5. A. Leland, "Letter from Slate Creek," Lewiston Teller, June 30, 1877, p. 4.

6. Letter from Helen Walsh to her husband, June 16, Slate Creek, Idaho Tri-Weekly Statesman, June 30, 1877, p. 3.

Chapter III

1. Luther P. Wilmot, "The Norton Massacre," in Nez Perce Indian War and Original Stories by Norman B. Adkison (Grangeville, 1966), p. 24.

2. Kirkwood, Nez Perce Indian War, p. 55.

3. Hill Beachy Norton, "Hill Beachy Norton Speaks Out of the Past," in Original Stories, p. 39.

4. D. W. Greenburg, "Victim of the Nez Perce Tells Story of Indian Atrocities," Winners of the West 3 (February 15, 1926), p. 8.

5. John R. Adkison, "The Norton Rescue" in Original Stories, p. 37.

6. Lucullus Virgil McWhorter Yellow Wolf: His Own Story (Caldwell, 1948), p. 49.

Chapter IV

1. "Mount Idaho," Lewiston Teller, June 2, 1877, p. 1.

2. Statement of Chapman, November 23, 1886, Claim of Arthur Chapman, no. 1102, Records of the United States Court of Claims, Record Group 123, National Archives.

3. Harriet Brown Adkison, "Inside Mount Idaho Fort, "in Original Stories, p. 44.

4. Wilmot in Original Stories, p. 25.

Chapter V

1. McCarthy, "Diary," June 14, 1877.

2. Asst. Surgeon John Fitzgerald, Report for June, 1877, Medical History of Fort Lapwai, Records of the Office of the Surgeon General, Record Group 94, National Archives.

3. McCarthy, "Diary," June 15, 1877.

4. Letter from Trimble to Asst. Adj. Gen. H. Clay Wood, January 29, 1878, Fort Walla Walla, letter 301, Letters Received, Department of the Columbia, Record of United States Army Command, Record Group 98.

5. O. O. Howard, Nez Perce Joseph (Boston, 1881), p. 93.

Chapter VI

1: Letter from Crook to Assistant Adjutant General, Department of the Columbia, March 27, 1868, Camp Warner, Oregon, letter 1024, Letters Received, DC.

2. McCarthy, "Journal," p. 102.

3. Statement of Surgeon C. H. Alden and Asst. Surgeon G. E. Bushnell, April 1, 1885, Fort Snelling, Proceedings of Retirement Board, ACP File of William Russell Parnell, Records of the Office of the Adjutant General, Record Group 94, National Archives.

4. First endorsement, letter from Jones to Howard, May 14, 1877, Fort Lapwai, Letters Received, Fort Lapwai, RG 98.

5. " James Shay" in McCarthy, "Journal."

Chapter VII

1. Testimony of David Perry, Transcript of a Court of Inquiry Concerning the Conduct of Captain David Perry During the Nez Perce Campaign of 1877. file no. QQ1738, Records of the Office of the Judge Advocate General, Record Group 153, National Archives, p. 116.

2. McCarthy, "Diary," June 16, 1877.

3. McCarthy, "Journal."

Chapter VVIII

1. Trimble, CI, p. 51.

2. Shearer, CI, p. 93.

3. Perry, CI, p. 120.

4. Leeman, CI, p. 100.

5. Parnell, CI, p. 61.

6. Coughlin, CI, p. 105.

7. Letter from Trimble to Adjutant General USA. April 14, 1897, Berkeley, California, Medal of Honor File, Case of Sergeant Michael McCarthy, RG 94, National Archives.

8. Letter from Perry to Lt. Col. James Forsyth, c. October 22, 1878, letter 1024, Letters Received, DC, p. 3.

Chapter IX

1. Account of About Asleep, c. 1906, packet 168, item 49, McWhorter Collection.

2. Account of John Miles in Lucullus Virgil McWhorter, Hear Me My Chiefs! (Caldwell, 1952), p. 249.

3. McCarthy, "Journal."

4. W. A. Birch, "In Memory of Lieutenant Theller," in Kirkwood, Nez Perce Indian War, p. 7

5. Statement of Patrick Brice, November 23, 1897, Anaconda, Montana, Br ice 7427, RG 123.

Chapter X

1. "Keep Cool Gentlemen," Lewiston Teller, July 7, 1877, p. 2.

2. Norman B. Willey, "Letter to Editor, "The Idaho Statesman, December 8, 1877, p. 2.

3. Account of E. J. Bunker in Nez Perce Indian War, p. 6.

4. SCOUT, "Letter from Lewiston," Lewiston Teller, June 30, 1877, p. 4.

5. McWhorter, Hear Me My Chiefs!, P. 498.

Chapter XI

1. JUSTICE, "Reason Why," Lewiston Teller, September 29, 1877, p. 2.

2. "White Feather," Lewiston Teller, July 14, 1877, p. 3.

3. Letter from Howard to Assistant Adjutant General, Division of the Pacific, December 13, 1877, Portland, Letters sent, DC.

4. Letter from Forsyth to Assistant Adjutant General, Department of the Columbia, November 14, 1878, letter 1024, Letters Received, DC, p. 3.

5. Trimble, CI, p. 51.

6. Shearer, CI, p. 90.

Chapter XII

1. JUSTICE, "Reason Why," Lewiston Teller, September 29, 1877, p. 2.

2. F. Whittaker, "The American Army," The Galaxy 24 (1877), p. 398.

3. G. W. Baird, "The Capture of Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce, International Review 7 (1879), p. 214.

4. C. P. Stranahan, "Taciturn Chief Joseph Refuses to Discuss War," The Idaho Statesman, June 8, 1933, section 2, p. 4.

5. Jennie Bunker in Winners of the West, p. 8.

Chapter XIII

1. "Non-Commissioned Officer in the U.S. Army," Idaho Tri-Weekly Statesman, August 18, 1877, p. 2.

2. Letter from Trimble to McCarthy, October 29, 1894, Berkeley, California. Posted to p. 85 of McCarthy, "Journal."

3. Letter from Howard to Maj. Gen. John M. Schofield, December 28, 1894, Medal of Honor File 3310, case of Captain William Russell Parnell, RG 94.

4. "Theodore Swarts," North Idaho, p. 474.

5. Kirkwood, p. 57.

6. W. A. Birch, "In Memory of Lieutenant Theller," Kirkwood, p. 7.

Bibliography

1. William Parnell, "Recollections of 1861, "The United Service 13 (1885), p. 264.