*Note: The sources for this chart are found in
various types of Colonial papers such as; land patents, deeds, wills,
court records, inventories, tithables, petitions, grievances, private
correspondence, and treaties. The sections of the Acts of Assembly
pertaining to Indian-non-Indian relations are included in the time-line
in Chapter 10. Records are grouped by type, country and date. The
counties are arranged alphabetically and in some instances records are
summarized by categories of potential interest such as: Indian goods,
tobacco, corn, Roanoke and peake, beaver and animal skins. References
pertaining to Bacon's Rebellion, news events of the day and treaties are
included by county. A list of primary and secondary references is
included at the end of the chart. The "C.O." in the Public Record Office
microfilms stands for "Colonial Office."
Note on date entries: Gregorian and Julian Calendars:
changed from March to Jan. as the starting point of the new year, which
is why some records appear to be out of sequence or appear as 1662/3.
Abreviations 7br.=Sept., 8br.=Oct., 9br.=Nov. and Xbr.=Dec.
Source
|
Name/ Party
|
Type
|
Date
|
Payment/ Action
|
Servants
|
Slaves
|
Details
|
Hotten 1983:190
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
16 Feb. 1623
|
List of the dead at West
& Sherlow Hhundred
|
|
|
"2 Indians, one Negar, and
Christopher Harding, kild..."
|
Hotten 1983:192-3
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
16 Feb. 1623
|
List of the dead At Martin's
Hundred
|
|
|
John Pattison, ux Pattison
and Edward Windor killed.
|
Hotten 1983:209
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
1624
|
List of the dead at West
& Sherley & Sherley Hundred
|
|
|
James Rolfe Liuetennt.
Gibb's man, John Michaell and Francis, Capt. Madison's man} slaine by the
Indians.
|
Hotten 1983:215
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
1624
|
List of the dead at Chaplins
Choise
|
|
|
Henery Wilson, Nicholas
Sutton, Nicholas Baldwin were killed by the Indians.
|
Fleet, 1945A:10
|
Indian & Capt. Wm.
Rothwell
|
Employment
|
17 Sept. 1655 Westover
|
10,000 lbs. tobo. bond
|
|
|
Allowed to employ Indian to
kill wolves & do other service; they are to do no harm to the English
& their estates.
|
Fleet 1945A:41
|
Indians & James Reyner
|
Payment for military service
|
25 June 1656 Westover
|
700 lbs. tobo to cure wound.
|
|
|
Reyner was wounded during
late service agst. Indians. Thomas Culmer is
to attempt a cure.
|
Fleet 1945A:46
|
Indian & Capt. David
Peibils
|
Employment
|
25 June 1656 Westover
|
|
|
|
Permitted to retain &
keep Indian according to law.
|
Fleet 1945A:47
|
Indians & King of
Weynoke and Militia
|
Intelligence & raising militia
|
25 July 1656 at Buckland
|
Militia
|
|
|
Strange northern Indians
called Mastehocks have arrived to fight the Richohockans. Reports of a sudden
invasion intended and the killing of hogs. In case of war, militia and arms
to be raised immediately.
|
Fleet 1945A:49
|
Indian & John Dibdall
|
Keeping Indian
|
1 Sept. 1656 Westover
|
|
|
|
Allowed to keep this Indian
according to law.
|
Fleet 1945A:58
|
Indian & John Banister
|
To have Indian
|
27 Oct. 1656 Westover
|
Service
|
|
|
To have Indian in his
service.
|
Fleet 1945A:58
|
Indian & Capt. Daniel
Llewellyn
|
To have Indian
|
27 Oct. 1656 Westover
|
Service
|
|
|
To have Indian in his
service.
|
Fleet 1945A:58
|
Indians & Major Abra.
Wood
|
To have Indians
|
27 Oct. 1656 Westover
|
Service
|
|
|
To have two Indians.
|
Fleet 1945A:58
|
Indian & Capt. Robert
Wynne
|
To keep Indian
|
27 Oct. 1656 Westover
|
Service
|
|
|
To keep an Indian.
|
Fleet 1941A:14
|
Indian & John Pratt
|
Employment
|
20 March 1657 James City
|
|
|
|
Pratt ordered to employ an
Indian under the hands of Mr. Drewe and Mr. Wyatt.
|
Fleet 1945A:79
|
"Comon Enemy"
|
Order
|
24 June 1657 Merchants Hope
|
Defense
|
|
|
Every company of this
regiment to provide & prepare 10 men "victualld and armed" for offence
and defense agst. the Common enemy & expeditions.
|
Fleet 1945A:82
|
Indian & George Potter
|
Employment
|
3 Aug. 1657 Merchants Hope
|
|
|
|
Permitted to employ an
Indian according to law.
|
Fleet 1945A:87
|
Indian & Thomas Drewe
|
Employment
|
3 8br. 1657 Merchants Hope
|
|
|
|
Permitted to employ and keep
an Indian.
|
Fleet 1941A:64
|
Indian & Capt. Edward
Hill
|
Employment
|
3 Feb. 1659 Merchants Hope
|
|
|
|
Permitted to keep an Indian.
|
Fleet 1941A:43
|
Indian & John Howell
|
Employment
|
3 Aug. 1659 Westover
|
|
|
|
Allowed to employ Indian.
|
Fleet 1941A:43
|
Indian & John Drayton
|
Employment
|
3 Aug. 1659 Westover
|
|
|
|
Allowed to employ Indian.
|
Fleet 1941A:43
|
Indian & Richard Parker
|
Violation of law
|
3 Aug. 1659 Westover
|
2,000 lbs. tobo. &
costs.
|
|
|
Parker had given a gun to an
Indian contrary to law. 1,000 lbs.. penalty to county commissioners. Also 1,000
lbs. of tobo. penalty to Lt. John Howell, informant, and costs of suit.
|
Fleet 1941A:46
|
Indian & John Holmwood
|
Employment
|
3 Aug. 1659 Westover
|
|
|
|
Permitted to employ an
Indian according to law.
|
McIlwaine 1914:4
|
John Beauchamp & Indian
boy
|
Petition
|
13 March 1659/60 James City
|
Indian boy
|
|
|
Beauchamp, merchant, wants
to bring his Indian boy to England. If he can show consent of the Indian
boy's parents to do so to the county court in Charles Cittie County, then his
request shall be granted.
|
Fleet 1941A:97-99
|
Militia & Indians
|
Court
|
12 June 1661 James City
|
Defense. Penalty for false rumors: 5,000
lbs. tobo. & 1 year imprison-ment
|
|
|
Unsettled militia/uncertainties
of alarms and want of fixed arms caused fears and terrors among inhabitants
along with rumors of Indians. Issued 8 points dealing with problem.
|
Fleet 1941B:5
|
Indians
|
License
|
14 Sept. 1661 Westover
|
|
|
|
Licenses to keep Indians
revoked.
|
Fleet 1941B:48
|
Thomas Busby & Wm.
Rollinson
|
Deed
|
4 March 1661/2 [sic]
|
Sale
|
|
|
Busby of Surry County sold
an Indian boy, aged about 5, to Rollinson.
|
Fleet 1941B:40
|
Theodrick Bland Esqr. &
Maj. Gen. Manwaring Hammond
|
Judgement
|
3 Feb. 1662 Westover
|
Estate
|
|
|
The service of an Indian
girl sold to Hoe per contract under hands of Rees Hughes, agent for Hammond.
|
Fleet 1941B:42
|
John Monke, 35
|
Deposition
|
4 Feb. 1662/3 Westover
|
Witness
|
Elizabeth, an Indian woman
|
|
While at house of Capt. John
Wall, he saw Elizabeth strike Mrs. Wall.
|
Fleet 1941B:42
|
Henry Tame, 30
|
Deposition
|
4 Feb. 1662/3 Westover
|
Witness
|
Elizabeth, Indian
|
|
At house of Capt. John Wall
& family: Elizabeth was "so violent."
She bit Mrs. Wall's breast and thrust her head into a
red-hot oven ready for bread.
|
Fleet 1941B:43
|
Elizabeth, a Christian
Indian
|
Verdict
|
4 Feb. 1662/3 Westover
|
More service
|
Elizabeth, Indian
|
|
Elizabeth has "violently and disobediently resisted
and assaulted" her mistress, Mrs. Wall, with "blows and bitings." Additional service as per act
provided for such cases for her "insolent resistance and opposicon."
[Elizabeth is not "Elizabeth Christianna" as incorrectly cited in the
book. The original record
revealed the error.]
|
Fleet 1941B:51
|
Indian youth & Rice Hoe
|
Court
|
20 April 1663 Westover
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Indian complains of illegal
detention by Hoe. To dwell with Mr. Theo: Bland 'till settlement.
|
Fleet 1941B:56
|
Thomas, Indian & Rice
Hoe
|
Court
|
3 June 1663 Westover
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Case for illegal detention
deferred to next court.
|
Fleet 1941B:62
|
Thomas, Indian & Rice
Hoe
|
Court
|
3 Aug. 1663 Westover
|
Complaint
|
Served 3 years.
|
|
Hoe to provide Thomas two
new canvas shirts & one pair of new canvas drawers; and pay all costs of suit.
|
Fleet 1941B:79
|
John Compton
|
Petition
|
3 Feb. 1663/4 Westover
|
Exempt from taxes &
public services.
|
|
|
Due to great age, industry,
and "great hurts losse of blood and the consequent debility"...occasioned "by
his service in the last war with the Indians," Compton is to be free of taxes
& services except for parish dues.
|
Fleet 1942:1
|
Indian & Thomas
Tomlinson
|
Order
|
3 Aug. 1664 Westover
|
Bond re gun & Richard
Pace, security, 1,000 lbs. tobo.
|
|
|
Tomlinson to keep gun taken
from an Indian by him, and Pace to provide security. Also to produce gun if cause requires
it.
|
Fleet 1942:17
|
Indians & Thomas Marston
vs. George Harris
|
Court
|
9 Aug. 1664 Green Spring
|
Suit
|
|
|
Non-appearance in court due
to late rumors of the Indians. Requested rehearing in next court.
|
Fleet 1942:57
|
Indian boy & Mary Bird,
23, servant
|
Deposition
|
10 Oct. 1665 court
|
Witness
|
Thomas Hooper, a Gerrard
& Indian boy
|
|
3 servants of Capt. Edw.
Hill drove hogs of Mr. Llewellyn's out of the yard at Shirley Hundred. Dogs
killed one barrow by the water-it was then dressed by the servants. They and
other servants "did eate it."
|
Fleet 1942:55
|
Indians & soldiers
|
Service
|
10 Nov. 1665 Westover
|
Pay for 6 days work
|
|
|
Neighbors of soldiers to pay
6 days work for soldiers pressed or employed agst. Indians.
|
Fleet 1942:79
|
Indian & Wm. Irby
|
Order
|
Court orders 1672-1674
|
Security
|
|
|
To entertain an Indian.
|
Fleet 1942:79
|
Indian & John Sturdivant
|
Order
|
Court orders 1672-1674
|
Security
|
|
|
To entertain an Indian.
|
Fleet 1942:82
|
Thomas Hamlin vs. William
Irby
|
Court
|
Court orders 1672-1674
|
Complaint
|
|
|
To appear on complaint of
Wm. Irby about Indian.
|
Ayres 1968:11
|
Indian & Edward Richards
|
Court
|
13 Sept. 1677 Westover
|
Gun issue
|
|
|
Presented gun in
court-pretends he took it from an Indian upon his land. To keep gun until
further hearing from Govenor and Council.
|
Ayres 1968:47
|
Mr. William Randolph, John
Lawrence & Tero, Indian
|
Judgement
|
14 Feb.1677/8 Westover
|
Witness
|
|
|
Reference to Lawrence's
non-appearance as a witness in Randolph vs. Tero, an Indian.
|
Ayres 1968:57
|
Mr. Henry Batte
|
Register
|
3 June 1678 Westover
|
|
|
|
Two Indian children: George,
aged 6 and Bess, aged 5.
|
Ayres 1968:69
|
Francis Leadbetter
|
Informant
|
15 Aug. 1678 Westover
|
Sale
|
|
|
Said Henry Newcomb bought 1
horse, 1 mare from the Indians- the latter exchanged with Peter Rowland.
Newcomb ordered to appear in next court.
|
Ayres 1968:77
|
Henry Newsom
|
Register
|
3 Dec. 1678 Westover
|
|
|
Indian boy
|
Slave for life, aged 7.
|
Ayres 1968:93
|
John Smith
|
Informant
|
18 Feb. 1678/9 court
|
Verdict
|
|
|
Said Henry Burton & Ed.
Gilley entertained & dealt with the Indians. Verdict: "Not guilty."
|
Ayres 1968:119
|
Mr. Henry Batt
|
Guardianship
|
3 Dec. 1679
Westover
|
Estate
|
|
|
Henry Odum, admr. of John
Peterson (dec'd.) was removed & replaced by Batt who wants court to
remove liability. Mill is the
largest estate & subject to attacks by Indians and fire. Batt will only
then accept adm. & guardianship of orphan.
|
Weisiger 1992:13-14
|
Joseph Bradley
|
Court
|
7 March 1687
court
|
Accidental killing of
Indian. Bail to be first given-then given liberty.
|
|
|
Wants relief from strict
confinement in prison; killing of Indian man was "accidentally done & no
malice forethought."
|
Weisiger 1992:15
|
Solomon Crooke
|
Register
|
3 April 1688 Westover
|
|
|
|
Matt, Indian, aged 10.
|
Weisiger 1992:17
|
Owen Row
|
Claim
|
13 April 1688 Westover
|
|
|
An Indian
|
Indian slave of Wm.
Harrison's.
|
Weisiger 1992:17
|
Clerk and James Blancks
|
Certificate
|
13 April 1688 Westover
|
Certificate
|
|
|
Blanks lost horse in journey
agst. Indians last July.
|
Weisiger 1992:24
|
David Williamson
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1688 Westover
|
|
|
|
Robin, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger1992:28
|
Thomas Harnison
|
Register
|
3 Oct. 1688 Westover
|
|
Ned
|
|
Indian aged 8.
|
Weisiger 1992:33
|
Capt. Daniel Llewellyn
|
Payment
|
4 Oct. 1688 Westover
|
From Levy
|
|
|
Paid 133 lbs. for inquest on
Mrs. Shipley's Indian.
|
Weisiger 1992:45
|
Zacheus Ellis vs. Francis
Reeves
|
Suit
|
3 April 1689 Westover
|
Claims
|
2 men & Indian boy
|
|
Ellis claimed that Reeves
owed him 85 days wages per Ellis' 2 men & 16 days wages per Ellis' Indian
boy. Reeves' appeals to next court.
|
Weisiger 1992:53
|
James Denson
|
Register
|
5 Aug. 1689 Westover
|
|
Jenny
|
|
Indian aged 5.
|
Weisiger 1992:61
|
John Mattux
|
Register
|
3 Oct. 1689 Westover
|
|
Besse
|
|
Indian aged 6.
|
Weisiger 1992:69
|
Roger, Indian & Richard Bradford
|
Runaway
|
3 Dec. 1689 Westover
|
To serve 1 mo. for 10s & more time per law.
|
|
|
Roger was absent 6 months.
Master spent 10s on recovery.
|
Weisiger 1992:84
|
Ralph Jackson
|
Register
|
4 Aug. 1690 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jenny, Indian, aged 6.
|
Weisiger 1992:84
|
Joseph Pattison
|
Register
|
4 Aug. 1690 Westover
|
|
Jack
|
|
Indian aged 8.
|
Weisiger 1992: 85
|
John Williams
|
Petition
|
4 Aug. 1690 Westover
|
Case dismissed
|
|
|
Said his Indian woman is
guilty of "sin of fornication" & wants "benefit of the law." Case is not
w/in their law.
|
Weisiger 1992:101
|
John Royston
|
Insolvency
|
3 Feb. 1690 Westover
|
Tax
|
|
|
Jeffrey, Indian boy, is
insolvent.
|
Weisiger 1992:95
|
John Evans
|
Register
|
8 Dec. 1690 Westover
|
|
|
|
Thomas Mayo, Indian, aged
14.
|
Weisiger 1992:107
|
Solomon Crooke
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1691 Westover
|
|
|
Jacke
|
Indian aged 6.
|
Weisiger 1992: 107
|
Rineer Anderson, dec'd.
|
Court
|
3 Aug. 1691 Westover
|
Estate
|
|
|
Robert, Indian, aged 10.
|
Weisiger 1992:114
|
William Jones
|
Court
|
10 Nov. 1691 Westover
|
Summons
|
|
|
Jones, a trader in
Appomattux, is summoned to show why he is not listed as a tithable.
|
Weisiger 1992:120
|
John Fontain
|
Register
|
3 Feb. 1691 Westover
|
|
|
|
Joan, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger 1992:125
|
James Parham
|
Court
|
24 March 1691 Westover
|
Certificate
|
|
An Indian woman
|
Certificate from Capt. Batt
returned. Indian belongs to Wm
Lux of Isle of Wight.
|
Weisiger 1992:201
|
Peter Perry
|
Document
|
9 Jan. 1692
|
Receipt
|
|
|
Acknowledged delivery of 4
"shotes" through Capt. Busby's Indian- 393 lbs. in all.
|
Weisiger 1992:128
|
James Howard
|
Register
|
3 June 1692 Westover
|
|
Jenny
|
|
Indian aged 6.
|
Weisiger 1992:128
|
John Evans
|
Register
|
3 June 1692 Westover
|
|
Doll
|
|
Indian aged 10.
|
Weisiger 1992:130
|
William Wilkins
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1692 Westover
|
|
|
|
Indians named Hannah, aged
8; Jack, aged 12; and Ned, aged 10.
|
Weisiger 1992:131
|
Thomas Chapell
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1692 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jack, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger 1992:131
|
Mingo, Negro & Thomas
Harnison
|
Court
|
3 Aug. 1692 Westover
|
Complaint. Mingo is not
free.
|
|
|
Once belonged to James
Blamore whose will states that 4 yrs. after his death, Mingo and an Indian
boy "to be free if the law will admit." Otherwise Mingo goes to exors
(Harnison). Court notes law barring Negroes their freedom.
|
Weisiger 1992:134
|
Benjamin Foster
|
Register
|
15 Sept. 1692 Westover
|
|
|
|
Robin, Indian, aged 5.
|
Weisiger 1992:137
|
Thomas Harnison
|
Register
|
3 Oct. 1692 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jenny, Indian, aged 11.
|
Weisiger 1992:148
|
John Parrish
|
Claim
|
16 Feb. 1692 [sic] Westover
|
Certificate
|
|
|
Certificate dated 10 May
1689 from Maj. Stith, for Hector, Indian, who was taken up 5 miles away from
his master Samuel Eale.
|
Weisiger 1992:150
|
John Williams
|
Court
|
13 April 1693 Westover
|
Summons
|
|
|
Complaint of Indian woman
belonging to Williams.
|
Weisiger 1992:155
|
Samuel Tatem
|
Register
|
5 June 1693 Westover
|
|
|
|
Mary, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger 1992:156
|
James Jones
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1693 Westover
|
|
|
|
Indians named as Sue, aged
7, and Sarah, aged 4.
|
Weisiger 1992:158
|
Franck, Indian & John
Williams
|
Order
|
3 Aug. 1693 Westover
|
|
|
|
Ordered to pay Indian woman
Franck accustomed corn & clothes, with costs.
|
Weisiger 1992:163
|
John Pybus
|
Register
|
4 Dec. 1693 Westover
|
|
|
|
Thom, Indian, aged 10.
|
Weisiger 1992:163
|
John Heath
|
Register
|
4 Dec. 1693 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jack, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger 1992:169
|
Joseph Patison
|
Register
|
5 Feb. 1693 [sic] Westover
|
|
|
|
Tom, Indian, aged 4.
|
Weisiger 1992:174
|
___ Howard
|
Register
|
3 April 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Hannah, Indian, aged 5.
|
Weisiger 1992:176
|
Daniel Sturdevant
|
Register
|
4 June 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Peter, Indian, aged 5.
|
Weisiger 1992:176
|
Robert Hix
|
Register
|
4 June 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jenny, Indian, aged 8.
|
Weisiger 1992:180
|
John Lewis
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Sarah, Indian, aged 12.
|
Weisiger 1992:180
|
Mathew Parham
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Dick, Indian, aged 7.
|
Weisiger 1992:180
|
John Winingham
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Jack, Indian, aged 7. Robin,
Indian, aged 4.
|
Weisiger 1992:181
|
Thomas Thrower
|
Register
|
3 Aug. 1694 Westover
|
|
|
|
Will, Indian, aged 5.
|
Weisiger 1992:193
|
Richard Denis
|
Payment
|
9 Nov. 1694 court
|
From Levy
|
|
|
Paid 100 lbs. tobo. for his
Indian.
|
Source
|
Name/ Party
|
Type
|
Date
|
Payment/ Action
|
Servants
|
Slaves
|
Details
|
Brown 1964: 115
|
East India Company
|
Court minute
|
4 Sept. 1607
|
£3, 5s
|
|
|
Beads & moth-eaten cloth
sold to Gov. Sir Thomas Smythe...for the Virginia voyage.
|
Brown 1964: 178
|
Henry Percy, Earl of
Northumber-land
|
Memorandum
|
1607-1608
|
3s
|
|
|
"For the rings and other
pieces of copper given to the Virginia Prince 3s"
|
Gray 1937 (1609): [between C3-D]
|
Robert Gray
|
Manuscript: "A Good Spede to
Virginia"
|
28 April 1609
|
|
|
|
It is believed that "these
Savages have no particular propertie in any part or parcell of that countrey,
but only a generall residencie there, as wild beasts have in the forest..."
|
Strachey 1953 (1612): Appendix A
|
William Strachey
|
Dictionary
|
1612
|
Indian Language
|
|
|
Published as "A Short
Dictionary, added unto the former Discourses, of the Indian Language, used
within the Chessiopioch Bay; more perticularly about the Tract and amongst
the Inhabitantaunts of the first River, called by them Powhaton, and by us,
the Kings River, whein as yet our Townes, and Fortes, ar seated. By which, such who shall by Imployed
thether may know the readyer how to confer, and how to truck and Trade with
the People."
|
Brown 1964:1005
|
John Smith of Nibley et al. to
Sir George Yeardley & George Thorpe's Virginian Indian boy
|
Indenture & Patent
|
3 Feb. 1618/19
|
Patent
|
|
|
John Smith et al. to Gov.
Yeardley, 18 Feb. 1619: "Since your departure, we have procured our patent
for plantation in Virginia (a copy whereof we herewith send unto you, written
by the Virginian boy of me..." [of
George Thorpe's]...)"
|
Thorndale 1995:165, 169
|
Indians
|
Census
|
1619
|
|
|
|
"Indians in the service of
seu[er]all planters."
|
Ferrar 1936:112-113
|
Nicholas Ferrar
|
Will
|
23 March 1619
|
Bequest
|
|
|
Will cites £300 for the education of ten "Infidel
children in the college now being erected."
|
McIlwaine 1915:5
|
Court, seamen &
Opochancano
|
Order
|
30 July 1619 James City
|
Complaints & trade
|
|
|
Complaint lodged agst. Capt.
Martin for certain outrages which could endanger the Colony. Ensign Harrison
affirmed to Thomas Davis of Paspaheighs, Gent. that he had been told under
Martin's orders to take the shallop, that they would have made a "harde
voiage," if they had not met w/ a canoe coming out of a creek. When the
Indians refused to sell their corn, armed men entered their canoe and took
the corn by force, measuring it w/ a basket they had into their shallop. They
gave them "satisfaction" in "Copper, beades, and other trucking Stuffe." Opochancano made complaint to the
Governor about this outrage.
Concerned for the safety of the colony as well as the outrage being
committed agst. the Indians, the
Governor decreed that that Martin should have obtained "leave" to enter the
bay to trade and ordered him to
take "leave" and give good security to ensure that his men will not commit
"no such outrage any more."
|
McIlwaine 1915:9
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
2 Aug. 1619 court
|
Act
|
|
|
The English shall not make
injury or oppression agst. the Indians, thus disturbing the peace and
potentially revive "antient quarrels."
The Chiccohomini are "not to be excepted out of this Lawe" until
further orders from England, or that they provoke us by some new injury.
|
McIlwaine 1915:10
|
Court
|
Order
|
2 Aug. 1619 court
|
Assimilation of Indians
|
|
|
Desirable that the "better
disposed" Indians learn to converse w/ our people, live & labor among
them and convert to Christianity.
Indians who voluntarily come to well-peopled places to do service such
as killing of deer, fishing, beating corn and other helpful work, then five
or six of them can be admitted to each place and no more w/ the Governor's
consent. Although "many proove
good," a guard should be kept at night since they generally "are the most
trecherous people" who quickly disappear when "they have done a
villainy." It is also thought
fit to provide them a separate house for them to lodge in by themselves. No lone inhabitant is to "entertaine
them." Lastly, each town, city,
borough or plantation shall take in Indian children to learn Christianity and
"civile course of life." The most "towardly boyes in witt & graces of
nature" are to be brought up "in the firste Elements of litterature" and thus
be fitted for college intended for them.
|
McIlwaine 1915: 12
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Trade
|
|
|
Every man is free to trade
with the Indians but not servants.
The offender shall risk whipping or payment "of an Angell" -one fourth
each to the Provost Marshall, the discoverer, and "the other moyty" to the
public use of the local incorporation.
|
McIlwaine 1915:13
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Arms
|
|
|
No man is to give Indians
any "piece shott, or poulder, or any other armes offensive or defensive."
Otherwise, he will be considered a traitor to the Colony and be hanged w/
proof and no redemption.
|
McIlwaine 1915:13
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Canines & hoes
|
|
|
No inhabitant shall give
greater "howes" or any English dog of quality, such as "Mastive, Greyhound,
Blood hounde land, or water Spaniel" or any other English dog to the Indians.
Punishment is the forfeiture of 5 lbs. sterling for the public use in the
local incorporation.
|
McIlwaine 1915:13
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Indian towns
|
|
|
None of the English are to
"purposely goe to any Indian townes, habitations, or places of resort," w/o
leave from the Governor or commander of the person's area. Forty shillings towards the local
incorporation is the penalty if this decrees is not followed.
|
McIlwaine 1915:13
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Canoes
|
|
|
Anyone who takes boats,
oares or "canoas" w/o leave of his neighbors shall be considered a
felon. No one is to take away by
violence or stealth any of the Indian canoes or other things. If he does, he shall pay "valuable
restitution" to the Indians. He also shall forfeit, if a freeholder, 5 lbs.
and if a servant, 40s, or be whipped.
Furthermore, anything that is under the value of 13d will be labeled
as "Petty larceny."
|
McIlwaine 1915:14
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Trade in the Bay
|
|
|
No one is to trade in the
Bay in any ship w/o license from the Governor and security that he or his
company shall not "force or wrong" the Indians.
Otherwise, they shall face censure upon their return from
the Governor and Council of Estate.
|
McIlwaine 1915:14-15
|
Court, Capt. Henry Spelman, Robert Poole
& Opochancano
|
Order
|
4 Aug. 1619 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Robert Poole, interpreter,
vs. Henry Spelman: Spelman spoke "very unreverently & maliciously agst.
the Governor" at Poole's meeting (& thus the Governor's honor, dignity, person and Colony be
brought in contempt) and mischief by Indians thus might ensue. Spelman
confessed to a few of the charges but denied the majority of the complaints.
The only exception what that he had informed Opochancano that w/in a year,
there will be a more powerful Gov. in a year, who shall replace this one.
Since Opochancano and other Indians thus appeared to hold the Gov. in "much
disesteem," the Colony may be in "danger of their Slippry designes." Instead
of possibly putting Spelman to death according to a law, the General Assembly
decided that Spelman was to be demoted from Captain and perform seven years
service to the Indians as the Governor's interpreter.
|
The Antient Planters 1874 (1624):72
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
Defense & Housing
|
|
|
Construction of two small
forts was near the mouth of the river at Kicoughtun, with two bark-covered
houses built by Indians as well as a few thatched cabins of the
settlers. Other Indian houses
that were not useful were burnt while twelve or fourteen Indians were killed.
The surviving settlers consumed as much corn as they found growing "of their
plantinge" and at harvest, reaped 150 bu. of corn. The corn, ordered by Lord
La Ware, was sent to Jamestown.
|
The Antient Planters 1874 (1624):73
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
Indian troubles
|
|
|
Men skilled at finding mines
were killed by the Indians while eating meat and other victuals at the
invitation of the Indians. As a result, some Indians were killed while their
houses were burned as revenge.
|
McIlwaine 1915:33
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
Defense
|
|
|
Only four pieces of
ordinance were mounted for defense agst. the "Salvages." Soon after, the
settlers were seated at Charles Hundred and Sir Thomas Dale went to the
Pamonkey River to form either a friendship pact or to make war w/ them. While
they saw Dale's intent was peace, they agreed out of fear rather than love.
In spite of "great want and scarcity" in the settlement, they caught and
executed those who mutinied and would have done harm.
|
McIlwaine 1915:33
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
Defense & departure of
Dale
|
|
|
Sir Thomas Dale impaled some
necks of land for defense agst. the "Salvages" and for fishing for the
settlers relief. He also made
"spoile of the Keschiacks and Wariscoyacks" before his departure from
Virginia. His successor was
Capt. George Yardley who held the helm of government.
|
McIlwaine 1915:33
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
|
|
|
At Christmas then following,
the Indians of Chiquohomini complained of various abuses and derided our
demands. They had agreed w/ Sir
Thomas Dale to pay a yearly tribute-i.e., a bushel of corn for every bowman
and in exchange, receive one piece of copper and one iron tomahawk. Each of the eight chiefs were to
receive a suit of red cloth, "which clothes and truckinge stuffe" the English
"esteemed of more worth then their corn."
These abuses led Yardley to take a company of eighty-four
men to revenge themselves "upoon those contemptous Indians." As a result, a "more firm league" was
concluded and peace was possible for two years.
Our people, including women & children, could move
freely from town to town w/o arms and lodge in Indians' houses, where they
were "every way kindly intreated and noe way molested."
|
McIlwaine 1915:36-37
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623
|
1622 Massacre
|
|
|
Indians had shown themselves
"insatiable and covetous" while "we" were "punished for our greedy desires of
present gaine and profit." On
March 22, 1622, as we entertained them "friendly" in "our houses," they
suddenly took opportunities and "fell upon us, killing and murdering very
many of our people." Houses and
plantations were destroyed while other accomplishments in the Colony were
seriously damaged. "This deadly
stroake being given to the great amazement and ruine of our State," and led
the Governor & Council to act at top speed to take the rest of the Colony
towards safety from further reprisals of the Indians. Survivors were then held at fewer
strongholds but the resulting harvest was "slender." We had hoped for relief by trading w/
the more "remote" Indians but supplies had miscarried enroute from
England. The Indians instead
were "our most treacherus ennemies, cunninglye circumeventing and cruellie
murderinge such as were employed abroade to gett relief from them," and led
to "great want and scarcity." The Governor & Council and others have
since conducted revenge on the Indians, started to restore the Colony and now
hope to "clean drive" the Indians "from these partes."
|
McIlwaine 1915:37
|
Court
|
Inquiry
|
1623
|
Defense
|
|
|
Inquiries made by the
Governor and Council: 1) what places are the best in terms of fortification
or maintenance agst. the Indians or enemies by sea and 2) how the Colony now
stands w/ respect to the "Savadges."
|
Hotten 1983:191
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
16 Feb. 1623
|
At James Cittie
|
|
|
William Spence and Mrs.
Spence "lost." [Note: They were
in captivity.]
|
Hotten 1983:190
|
List of the Dead
|
Enumeration
|
16 Feb. 1623
|
List of the dead at the Neck
of Land
|
|
|
"Thomas Fernley kid
[killed]."
|
McIlwaine 1915:38
|
Court
|
Order
|
2 March 1623 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
The best solution for the
Colony's defense is to run "a pale from Martins hundred to Chiskiacke wch is
not above sixe miles" along with "planting" on both rivers, the Pamunkey
river being more defensible.
However, the relationship between the Colony and the Indians are
"irreconciliable." The
nimble-heeled Indians take advantage of the forests and carry out sudden
ambushes and incursions. While none of the Englishmen have been killed since
the massacre, they could not have a "safe range of the Countrye" for cattle,
game, etc. and have to keep constant watch agst. the Indians. To achieve their security, there is a
need for a "runninge armye continually a foote" which would prevent Indians
from coming near them and enable them to put the arrivals here for the winter
w/ a year's supply of cattle and provisions.
|
Neill 1869: 407-411
|
Court
|
Narrative
|
1623/4
|
Starving Time
|
|
|
Each man was permitted only
8 oz. of meal and half a pinte of pease for a day, although "mouldy, rotten, full of Cobwebs and
Maggots." Starvation forced many to flee "for relief to the Savage Enemy, who
being taken againe were putt to sundry deaths as by hanginge, shootinge and breakinge
uppon the wheele & others were forced by famine to filch for their
bellies."
"...many...being weery of life, digged holes in the earth and hidd
themselves till they famished."
Moreover, after consumption of Doggs, Catts, ratts, Snakes,
Toad-stooles, horesehides and wtnott" and cannibalism, the "happyest day that
euer some of them hoped to see," was "when the Indians had killed a mare..."
The settlers wished, while the mare was being boiled, that Sir Tho:Smith was
"uppon her back in the kettle."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:48
|
Court, Ensign Thomas Savage
& Capt. William Eppes
|
Order
|
7 March 1624 court
|
200 lbs. Sterling per bond
|
|
|
Ensign Thomas Savage is to
be an interpreter for the good of the plantation at Accomack under conditions
set by Capt. William Eppes, or to enter into bond for 200 lbs. sterling &
security to Eppes and not have any conference or familiarity w/ the Indians
of those parts.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:8
|
Court & Capt. Epps
|
Order
|
7 March 1624 court
|
Trade
|
|
|
Anyone who trades w/ the
Indians for corn above the Eastern Shore w/o special license from the Governor
& Council shall be sent to "James Cyttie" by Capt. Epps for censure and
seizure of the corn by measure.
If there is any "extreeme" need of corn on that plantation, Epps will
be removed like the example with Capt. Hamer.
|
McIlwaine, 1979B:28
|
Robert Poole, Gent., et al. and
Apochankeno, Coos, Chacrow, Kissacomas (?), Morassane, Nemetenew and
other Indians
|
Deposition
|
1 Nov. 1624 court
|
Witness to arms training
|
|
|
During the time of Sir.
Thomas Dale, Poole first lived w/ Apochankeno who showed him certain trees
where certain bullets had been shot by the Indians who had been personally
taught w/ "a small peternell" by Capt. John Smith. Sir Thomas Dale also gave
unto Kissacomas (?) a snaphance.
The powder & shot was given to him through Poole and Kissacomas
(?) often shot fowl & deer. After Sir Thomas Dale's term, an Indian named
Coos was taught to shoot w/ a "peece" by John Powell, a servant of Capt. Webb
per Webb's "appointment."
Another Indian, Chacrow, living w/ Lieut. Skarse, Capt. William Powell
and Capt. William Pierce, learned to shoot w/ a "peece." Under Sir Samuel
Argall's government, the Indians had killed 6 Englishmen and carried to
Pamunkey their pieces & shot where they were used by Morassane and Nemetenew. Poole further testified that Sir
George Yardley sent him to "steel a wye the feathers of the locks of those
peeces" so that they would be dysfunctional and end up being brought by
Apochankeno to him for mending.
However, once received, these pieces were kept. Yardley forbade one Indian, employed
to shoot by William Pery, to have a piece and had it taken away. Furthermore, he never gave pieces to
any Indian.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:28
|
Edward Grindon &
Nanticos
|
Deposition
|
1 Nov. 1624 court
|
Witness to arms training
|
|
|
Nanticos, an Indian, was the
first he knew to be taught to shoot a piece, but by whom he did not know.
Another Indian, Coss, was taught to shoot w/ a piece by Capt. Webb at
Kickatan during the time of Sir Thomas Dale.
Grindon also knew that Shacrow, who lived w/ Lt. Skarse at
Jamestown, did use & shoot a piece and so did Kiffacomas (?) who would
come to Jamestown to obtain powder & shot during Dale's time as well.
However, Grindon never remembered Yardley ever giving a piece to any Indian.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:36
|
John Fisher & Apochankeno
|
Order
|
13 Dec. 1624 court
|
Payment
|
|
|
Fisher is to be paid 90 lbs.
tobo. For 5 weeks worth of work about Apochankeno's house.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:51
|
Thomas Pawlett, Gent., Symon
Turgis, Rise Hoe, William Bayley,
& Indian
|
Deposition
|
4 April 1625 Court
|
Witnesses
|
Andrew Dudley
|
|
They were living at Sherly
Hundred when servant Dudley was "slayne by the Indyans" on 18 March 1623 and
had viewed his body after the "enymie was fowle vppon."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:80
|
Joseph Chard &
ffrancis Michell
|
Deposition
|
12 Dec. 1625 court
|
1622 Massacre
|
|
|
Within three or four days
after the massacre, Joseph Chard was in possession of the houses but was
forced to leave w/ the others.
The houses burned shortly afterwards by the "Indyans" and thus
"ffrancis Michell" never possessed the houses.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:128
|
George Graves & Robert Lynsey
|
Deposition
|
8 Jan. 1626 James City
|
Inventory
|
|
|
Graves stated that the
inventory in court is the true & perfect inventory of Robert Lynsey who
was "last spring carried by ye Indians to Pamunky."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:128
|
John Jaxson & Robert
Lynsey
|
Deposition
|
8 Jan. 1626 James City
|
Goods
|
|
|
Last April, he and Lynsey
went from Martins Hundred w/ certain Indians to Pamunky. Jaxson allowed to go home but Lynsey
was detained there and told Jaxson that whatever goods he had at home were to
go to Sara Snowe, dau of Ellenor Graves if he never came back. Indians also would not let Lynsey give
the key to his chest to Jaxson.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:129
|
Thomas Harris, Luke Boise,
Capt. John Martin & Indians
|
Deposition
|
9 Jan. 1626 James City
|
Cow
|
|
|
Harris sworn that a cow, named "brooken leggs", was in
the possession of Luke Boise and killed by the Indians at "Necke of
Land." It was one of eight cows
once owned by Capt. John Martin.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:36
|
Court
|
Plan
|
13 Jan. 1626 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
A sufficient party to be seated at Kiskyacke, to serve
as a retreat in case of being overpowered by the "forreine enemy" and to
"annoy ye Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:138
|
Christopher Barker &
Capt. Epes
|
Deposition
|
5 Feb. 1626 court
|
1622 Massacre
|
Servants
|
|
Capt. William Epes received the servants of Capt. John
Ward and had nothing after the massacre other than "a bed & a rugg." The houses & goods in them were
burned four days later.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:139
|
William Munn
|
Deposition
|
5 Feb. 1626 court
|
1622 Massacre
|
|
|
There were no tobacco crops reaped the year after the
massacre, and only half an acre of corn was about the house.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:106
|
Assembly
|
Act
|
7-8 Aug. 1626 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
No man can go abroad for
fowling, fishing or similar activities w/o a sufficient party of well-armed
men. Nor can any man in the
Colony go out to his "woorke & labor" w/o arms and a sentinel to watch
over him.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:483
|
Court
|
Order
|
26 Aug. 1626 court
|
Proclamation
|
|
|
No one is to go abroad but
in parties or work w/o a continual watch to be kept at night throughout the
Colony. Also powder not to be
spent during drinking events.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:111
|
William Claybourne
|
Proposition
|
4 Sept. 1626 court
|
Guides
|
|
|
Claybourne's proposal regarding the safe keeping of
Indians he planned to use as guides who are "always ready to be ymployed," and other services is accepted. No other man can do the same-only
Claybourne's "invention" will be tested presently w/ one Indian.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:116
|
Capt. William Epps &
Weanoke Indian
|
Court
|
10 Oct. 1626 court
|
Weanoke Indian & Bond
500 lbs. tobo.
|
|
|
A Weanoke Indian, taken at
Sherly Hundred in the spring, has since been w/ Capt. Epps who shall bring
the Indian from Eastern Shore to Jamestown for the Governor to be employed in
any service. Permission granted
to Epps to either take Indian w/ him to England next spring or deliver him up
to the Governor.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:120
|
Assembly
|
Order
|
13 Oct. 1626 James City
|
Defense & Fine of 100
wt. tobo. or more.
|
|
|
All dwelling houses through
the Colony is to be "palizadoed or paled about" against the Indians by 1st of
May. Fines in tobo. if this is
not carried out.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:147
|
Court
|
Plan
|
3 April 1627 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
From information shared by
other Indians, our Indian enemies are planning to make "a general assault
vppon of all the plantations this Spring."
Reference to earlier proclamation to "palizadoing the
houses." Men are to keep guard,
keep sentinel on their workmen and watch at night.
Fort gates must be fast and no man shall "stragle abroad"
alone to prevent dangers.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:483
|
Court
|
Order
|
12 April 1627 court
|
Proclamation
|
|
|
Proclamation: To be careful
of the Indians. The English have
discovered their intentions to "go to warr next spring."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:151
|
Court
|
Plan
|
4 July 1627 James City
|
Attack
|
|
|
All parties from all
plantations to go "vppon the Indians & cutt downe their corne" on 1
Aug. Necke of Land &
Colledge vs. Tanx Powhatans; Sherley Hundred, Jordaines Jurney, Chaplaines
Choise & Perseys Hundred vs. towns of the Weianoacks and Appamatucks; James
Citty vs. the Chicahominies & Tappahannaes; Warwicke-River, Warosquoiacke
& Newport News vs. Warosquoyacks; and Elizabeth Citty vs. Nansamungs
& Chesapeiacks.
[Various parties to be led under listed names of men.]
|
McIlwaine 1979B:151
|
Court
|
Plan
|
4 July 1627 James City
|
Attack
|
|
|
Lt. Peppet to go in ship
Virgin into the Pamunky River and put Indians "in expectation
of our comeing thither." And beginning in Oct. next, a number of men
from all the plantations to go to Pamunkey or other parts to "take
& spoile as much corne as they shall light on" and other forms of
harm or damage to the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:153
|
Edward Albourne & John
Throgmo[r]ton
|
Deposition
|
17 Sept. 1627 James City
|
Will
|
|
|
Albourne testified that
Throgmorton was wounded & shot in the body by the Indians on 23 June
last. Before his death, he made
bequests to certain people concerning his goods, house and servants.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:155
|
Court & Capt. Sampson
|
Court
|
11 Oct. 1627 court
|
Carib Indians
|
|
|
Carib Indians: Capt. Sampson
had brought into the colony some Indians from the Carib Islands, who have
since run away, hid in the woods, joined Indians here, stole goods and likely
killed some people according to some Carib Indians who confessed to the
same. After some deliberation, it
is ordered that these Carib Indians shall be hanged "till they be dead."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:155
|
Court & Capt. Mathews
|
Court
|
12 Oct. 1627 James City
|
Voyage
|
|
|
Capt. Mathews is to do his
best to procure volunteers throughout the Colony to go to Pamunkey or other
Indian enemies. Commission shall
then be granted to Mathews for voyage.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:174
|
Court
|
Opinion
|
18 ___1628 James City
|
Plan
|
|
|
It is the court's opinion to
proceed concerning the same course about the Indians, which had been held
back until there was "better opportunity to sett vppon them."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:184-185
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
Last day Jan. 1628 James City
|
Defense & Treaty
|
|
|
Severe punishment for those
who do not follow the rules. Treaty w/ the Indians continued since last
August to be disannulled since people are neglecting to keep their guard
against Indians and the Indians themselves have become "extreamly false
and...offered some Iniuries in dyvers of our plantacons." To prevent a second
massacre, Indians are to be viewed as enemies after 20th of Feb. and people
must not only guard themselves but also not "Ply or Converse" with them. Captains & commanders of these
plantations are ordered to make sure no persons or planters work w/o a
constant force of men or go abroad w/o sufficient parties. Mr. Secretary also given commission
to go to the Susquesahanos.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:189
|
Court & Indians
|
Plan
|
4 March 1628 James City
|
Warning
|
|
|
To spread word of plan. A
particular Indian came voluntarily and suddenly among us just after our
breaking off the former treaty of peace. Reference to the weaknesses of the
straggling plantations. Since
they have not begun w/ us or killed any of our men first, he shall be
"delivered vpp to the hands of his Countrymen. ' He is to inform them that we
are resolved to break off the treat of peace since they have been so false
unto us in the conditions cited therein. They frequent our plantations,
pressed upon our house contrary to the first and principal Article, kill our
hogs & cattle, and do "iniuries" to our men hunting in the woods.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:484
|
Gov. & Commissioners
|
Commission
|
20 March 1628 court
|
Trade
|
|
|
Gov. signed "Comcons" to trade w/ the Indians in the bay
& rivers.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:172
|
English captives &
Indians
|
Court
|
24 April 1628 James City
|
Plan
|
|
|
Indians at Pasbehayes sent a
piece of bark with writing from English captives held at Pamunky. Plan regarding rescue of these
captives was discussed. Need to learn where the Indians plant their corn and
"make them somewhat secure of us" in order to live more quietly. Opportunity for revenge for their
treachery but no peace or dishonorable treaty is to be made w/ them, nor
shall any of them come to our plantations.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:483
|
Court
|
Order
|
30 April 1628 court
|
Proclamation
|
|
|
Powder not to be spent at meetings, drinkings, marriages
& entertainment because "a warr is expected with Indns. next spring" like
it happened last summer.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:484
|
English captives & Indians
|
Order
|
12 Aug. 1628 court
|
Proclamation
|
|
|
Several Englishmen
taken prisoners by the Indians. Peace is to be made until
these Englishmen are delivered. It is to be known that the Indians are not to
be taken as friends but care must be taken as if they are enemies in actual
war.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:198
|
Court & Indians
|
Message
|
1629 James City
|
Compensation
|
|
|
In view of the massacre of Mr. Pooly & 4 men w/ him
and the fact that an Indian came among us contrary to agreement. Sent him back w/o harm to the great
King w/ our strict warning, etc.
From now on, Indians come to the Governor or commander they
had been instructed to come to an appointed place at Pasbyhey. Even though the Indians have not
followed the rules, we have not yet "offered them any violence but haue vsed
them well and Courteously notwthstading all wch they ha[ve] killed five of
our men." We demand satisfaction
from their King for the theft of hoes, killing of hogs and other damage. If he refuses, then we shall avenge
the deaths of the five men and repair "wrongs."
In addition, Robert __ is to be an interpreter in
court between the Indians "until
next Christmas (?)" for 1,000 lbs. tobo.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:484
|
Gov. & Commissioners
|
Order
|
July (or 6 Nov.) 1629
|
Plans
|
|
|
Gov. gave Comcons. to go
agst. the Indians according to order of court 9th instant & "utterly
destroy them." The commander also has power in punishing them, etc. as the
King's Comcon. shall give him.
|
McIlwaine 1915:52-53
|
Court
|
Order
|
16 Oct. 1629 court
|
Plans & Defense
|
|
|
The commanders of several
plantations are given authority by the governor to employ men agst. the
Indians if they assault the English or to clear the woods in order to see
Indians more clearly if they come near the plantations. Several marches are also to be
conducted for the months of November, December, March, June, July or
August. The plantations are to
"doe all manner of spoile and offence to the Indians that may be possibly bee
effected." The plantations at
Accawmacke shall assist them agst. the Pamunky Indians in the summer w/
"every fit man out of the inhabitants."
|
McIlwaine 1915:53
|
Court
|
Order
|
16 Oct. 1629 court
|
Maintenance of Indians
|
|
|
Three Indians who reside
here are to be maintained by the "general charge of the whole colony."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:480
|
Court & Indians
|
Document
|
9 Jan. 1632 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
"...mischiefs done by said
Indians & every 20th man sent to Ply wth 'em."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:480
|
Governor & Chickahominy Indians
|
Court
|
14 June 1632 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
"Govr. to Ply with
Chickahominy Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979:480
|
Pamunky & Chickahominy
Indians
|
Court
|
30 7ber 1632 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
A "peace" w/ "pamunkys" and
"Chicka. Indians but a pcl issues not to Ply wth or trust them."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:480
|
Indians & Englishmen
|
Court
|
5 June 1633 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
"Two men ordd to serve ye
Governor each a month for dealing & Pling wth Indians & to give
each witness against them a daies work."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:480
|
Governor
|
Exchange
|
31 Aug. 1633 court
|
Land
|
|
|
500 acres of land at Archers
Hope is given by the Governor in exchange for 500 acres at Powhatan's Swamp,
near Powhatan's Tree.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:481
|
Court
|
Order
|
1634 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
Lieutenants to be appointed
the same as in England & in a more "especial manner to take care of ye
warr agt Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:484
|
Indians
|
Order
|
July 1634 court [?]
|
War
|
|
|
Several "Com's" to go to war
w/ the Indians, "our irreconcilable enemies in July 1634."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:481
|
Court
|
Order
|
29 April 1635 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
During vacancy of the
governor, the secretary...should manage "ye affairs of the Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:483
|
Nicholas ffarrar
|
Will
|
8 April 1640 James City
|
Minutes
|
|
|
Will in London: Gave a stock
of £300 sterling- the interest to be pd to anyone who would bring up 3 Indian
children in learning & Christianity.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:478
|
Arthur Price & Indian
|
Court
|
23 June 1640 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Price complained and
believed that the Indian, who once lived w/ Mr. Anthony Panton, is the one
who stole his gun, pair of breeches & shirt. Price has right to detain in
his custody the next Indian who comes to his house & inform the Indian
his knowledge of that Indian who stole these items until they be
brought back by that Indian.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:478
|
John Burton & Indian
|
Court
|
23 June 1640 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Burton killed an Indian he
thought was the one who stole his goods, but this was not the case. Since
much danger may arise to Burton or the other English from some revenge for
the death of this particular Indian, Burton shall remove his habitation out
of this county where he now liveth and pay a fine 20 lbs. sterling to stay
committed and security for good behavior.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:478
|
John Burton & Indian
|
Petition
|
23 June 1640 court
|
Fine
|
|
|
Burton fined 20 lbs.
sterling last Saturday for his contempt in killing of an Indian. Petition for remission to the board-
"some of his great men" interceded to the board on Burton's behalf and stated
that they are satisfied concerning the same. Court therefore remitted fine,
provided he enters recognizance for good behavior. [Note: footnote #58
indicated that the Indian leader might be Opechancanough.]
|
McIlwaine 1979B:478
|
Accomack Indians &
Philip Taylor
|
Order
|
15 Dec. 1640 court
|
Patent
|
|
|
Patent granted to Accomack
Indians for 1500 acres of land lying upon the easternmost shore of the
seaboard side. A new survey to
be done, including Taylor's 200 acres, which is not to be infringed. After
survey is completed, patent is to be made for the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:477
|
Nicholas ffarrar, Mr. George
Menefie, Esqr., Capt. William Perry & Indian boy
|
Court
|
31 March 1641 court
|
Education & maintenance
|
|
|
An Indian boy of the county
of Tappahannock was presented by Mr. George Menefie to court. For ten years
he was brought up among the English by Capt. William Perry (dec'd.) and
Menefie, and is well instructed in the principles of religion, reading and
writing per instructions of Nicholas ffarrar of London's will. Menefie wishes to obtain certificate for
the better support of Indian boy & instruction.
Court granted 8 lbs. per annum for allowance and 24 lbs.
for maintenance of youth on 10 June 1640 at James City.
|
McIlwaine
1915:70
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 July 1642 James City
|
Peace
|
|
|
General Assembly: The
settling of peace w/ friendship w/ the Indians "by mutual capitulation and
articles" are agreed, concluded and put in writing after much editorial work.
|
McIlwaine
1979B:499
|
Court
|
Trade
|
6 Oct. 1642
court
|
Comission
|
|
|
Commission granted to trade
in the bay.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:500
|
Court & Indian boy
|
Permission
|
10 Oct. 1642 court
|
Education
|
|
|
Permission to keep an Indian
boy and instructing him in the Christian religion.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:500
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 June 1643 court
|
Trade
|
|
|
General order: persons
cannot trade w/ the Indians w/o commission.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:501
|
Court
|
Order
|
30 April 1644 court
|
Order
|
|
|
Particular directions given
for marching against the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:501
|
Court
|
Order
|
May 1644
court
|
Estates
|
|
|
Matters concerning the
cattle & goods and servants of persons lately slain by the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:501
|
Court
|
Order
|
June 1644 court
|
March
|
|
|
Provisions for various
marches against the Indians.
|
McIlwaine
1979B:501
|
Court
|
Opinion
|
June 1644
court
|
March
|
|
|
Claiborne's opinion is
different from the others regarding the "propriety of War upon the Indians
between the Rappahannock and Potomac.'
|
McIlwaine
1979B:501
|
Court
|
Plan
|
June 1644 court
|
Prisoners
|
|
|
Many prisoners taken among
the Indians. Need to decide what
course should be persued.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:501
|
Court
|
Army
|
29 June-4 Aug. 1644
|
Militia
|
|
|
"Pticulars of the return of
the Pamunky army and about raising another army."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Order
|
6 July 1644 court
|
March
|
|
|
Claiborne, general of the Pamunkey march, requested
provisions.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Session
|
10 Aug.1644 court
|
March
|
|
|
Meeting of "lieutenants and
deputy lieutenants and 50 soldiers levied to march
against the Chickahomonies."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Order
|
3 Sept. 1644 court
|
Attack
|
|
|
"Authority" to go "against
the corn" of the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Order
|
23 Oct. 1644 court
|
March
|
|
|
More soldiers to be levied
and prepared to go agst. the Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Order
|
3 Dec. 1644 court
|
Attack
|
|
|
Lt. Nicholas Stillwell is
permitted to "go against the Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:502
|
Court
|
Order
|
20 Jan. 1644 [sic] court
|
Defense
|
|
|
Men, powder and shot to be
sent to "middle plantation" to defend the forest.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:563
|
Capt. Claiborne, court,
Pamunkey and Rappahannock Indians
|
Order
|
Feb. 1644/5 court
|
March
|
|
|
Court made further
arrangements for Capt. Claiborne to conduct another march against the Pamunkeys
on York River. He is to "treat
the Rappahannocks or any other Indians not in amity with Opechancanough" with
respect to "serving the country against the Pamunkeys."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:564-565
|
Sir William Berkeley, Kemp
& Indians, et al.
|
Order
|
7 June-9 Aug. 1645 court
|
Indians shipped overseas
|
|
|
Upon his return from
England, Sir William Berkeley took up the work laid out by Kemp; "prosecuted
the expedition against the Indians, designated for the 10th of
July; and took several prisoners.
On 9 August, it was decided that all prisoners over the age of eleven
shall be shipped to the Western Island on Sir William Berkeley's ship. This is to prevent their return and
strengthen "their respective tribes."
In addition, Lt. Nicholas Stillwell, "an active and intrepid forest
ranger," is to have increased forces against the "savage enemy." Berkeley also declined to help
Maryland's request for help, citing his own "daily opposition by the Indians"
which made such assistance impossible.
|
McIlwaine 1915:90
|
Court & Tottopottomoy
|
Order
|
1653
|
Claim
|
|
|
During last Assembly, the
land in York River desired by Tottopottomoy, was discussed further and is to
remain in force as formerly. He
is to live on the same but if he leave it, then the land is to "devolve" to
Col. Willaim Clayborne according to an order of court. Clayborne to make
clear which of the two choices of land he preferred in the next court, and
Capt. John West w/ Mr. William Hockaday are to give a "safe conduct" to
Tottopottomoy and his Indians for "their coming to towne and his returne
home." In addition, the
commissioners of York are required to remove persons who are seated upon the
land of the Pamunkey or Chickahominy Indians according to a late Act of
Assembly to that purpose. Col.
John Fludd also go to Tottopottomoy to "examine" the business proceedings and
deliver it upon oath.
|
McIlwaine 1915:91
|
Court
|
Order
|
1653
|
Indemnity
|
|
|
An act of "indempnitie"
shall be granted to all who have "lent gunns to the Indians." Any offender w/ proof hereafter shall
suffer "severely" according to aforesaid act.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:503
|
Court & Totapotamoy,
Indian
|
Order
|
7 June 1654 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Totapotamoy complained that
his brother was slain by an Englishman.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:504
|
Court
|
Order
|
3
Oct. 1654 court
|
Complaints
|
|
|
Complaints "Orders upon
complaints by the indians."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:504
|
Court
|
Order
|
6 June 1656 court
|
Land
|
|
|
Land is not deserted until
three years after removal of Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:505
|
Court
|
Order
|
8 Oct. 1656 court
|
Hunting
|
|
|
"Where Indians may hunt."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:505
|
Samuel Mathews, Gov. & Indians
|
Order
|
27 April 1657 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Complaint lodged against the
"Nessan (?) Indians." Soldiers
to be raised.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:505
|
Court
|
Order
|
6 June 1657 court
|
Case
|
An Indian
|
|
Case of Indian servant.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:505
|
Court
|
Order
|
7 Oct. 1657 court
|
Sale
|
|
|
Case concerning the sale of
powder to Indians. Party bound over.
|
McIlwaine
1979B:505
|
Court
|
Order
|
12 Oct. 1657 court
|
Servant
|
|
|
Indians who are detaining a
servant are to be arrested.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:505
|
Court
|
Order
|
13 Oct. 1657 court
|
Hunting
|
|
|
Orders permitting persons
who want to keep Indians for hunting.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:506
|
Court
|
Order
|
17 March 1657/8 court
|
Protection
|
|
|
Destruction of our friends,
the Indians, are to be prevented.
|
Hening (II) 1823:34
|
Harquip, Mangai of the
Chickahomini
|
Petition
|
23 March 1660/1 James City
|
Lands
|
|
|
Harquip, Mangai of the
Chickahomini Indians, wanted to have all the lands from Mr. Malory's
boundaries to the head of the Mattaponi River and into woods per patent. He
also desired that no Englishman will disturb or purchase the same unless the
majority of the "great men" shall "freely and voluntarily" give consent in
the quarter court or assembly.
|
Hening (II) 1823:35 [Also in McIlwaine 1914:12.]
|
Major General Manwaring
Hamond & Chickahomini Indians
|
Petition
|
23 March 1660/1 James City
|
Lands
|
|
|
A grant has been given to
the Chickahomini Indians for certain lands, upon which Major General
Manwaring Hamond claims a two-thousand acre devident by patent. He is ordered to purchase the same of
the Indians or to procure their consent for the preservation of the "countrey's
honour and reputation."
|
McIlwaine 1914:19
|
Edward Dennis & Indian
town of Chickahomini
|
Order
|
23 March 1660/1 James City
|
Warrant for Dennis
|
|
|
Dennis seated himself in the
Indian town of Chickahomini w/o title or claim.
Warrant issued by governor for him to appear in court to
hear his case of "continuance or removal."
|
Hening (II) 1823: 39
|
Chesskoiack Indians
|
Court
|
23 March 1660/1 James City
|
Lands
|
|
|
For the benefit of the
country by the Chesskoiack Indians who are "kindly used by us." They are "sensible that with the few
gunns they have amongst them, "and that "they cannot prejudice us being a
small inconsiderable nation."
They shall "quietly hold and enjoy the land" that they live on and
have the free use of the guns they now have, notwithstanding any order or
order to the contrary. This is
to show other Indians "how kind wee are to such who are obedient to our
laws."
|
Hening (II) 1823:39
|
Harquip, Mangoi of the
Chickahomini Indians et al.
|
Court
|
23 March 1660/1 James City
|
Lands
|
|
|
On behalf of himself and
other Indians, Harquip on 4 April 1661 acknowledged the sale of a parcel of
land located between the cliffs to the little creek by Mr. Philip
Mallory. It had been surveyed
twice by Lt. Col. Abrahall & James Cole and George Morris containing 743
acres for Mr. Mallory.
|
McIlwaine 1914:16
|
King of Mattaponi Indians
|
Court
|
23 March 1661/2 James City
|
Complaint
|
|
|
The King of the Mattaponi
Indians made complaint about the burning of his "English house." Lt. Col. Goodridge is to appear in
the next quarter court to answer the charge and that the King of the
Mattaponi will also be present.
|
McIlwaine 1914:16
|
King of Wainoke, Mettapin
& Eliz. Short
|
Court
|
23 March 1661/2 James City
|
Freedom
|
|
|
The King of the Wainoke
Indians did not have the power to sell Mettapin, a Powhatan Indian, to
Elizabeth Short, since he was "of another nation."
Mettapin is to be free- the court noted that Mettapin
could speak the English tongue perfectly and desired baptism.
|
McIlwaine 1914:16
|
Court
|
Order
|
23 March 1661/2 James City
|
Lands
|
|
|
The governor is to grant a
commission to look into the matter regarding several claims "made to any part
of our neighbouring Indians land." The commission shall confirm just cases
while removing other persons who do not. All appeals shall be open for all
persons who feel "agreived" by such proceedings.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:493
|
Attamahune, great king of
Noncottecoe
|
Deed
|
27 July 1662 court
|
Land
|
|
|
Attamahune's deed for a
tract of land.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:508
|
Court
|
Order
|
25 March 1663/4 court
|
Complaints
|
|
|
Complaints of Pamunkey
Indians.
|
Hening (II) 1823:202-203
|
Court
|
Order
|
13 Sept. 1663 court
|
Theft by Indians
|
|
|
On the south side of the
James River, the Indians have been stealing hogs, tobacco, and the corn out
of the fields as well as robbing hedges at night.
Neighboring Indians are also "taxed therewith." They said
that it is the Tuscarora Indians who are skulking about the English
plantations and conducting "underhand dealings" with the English. For these reasons, these Indians
cannot come to the English plantations w/o badges, and if found in the house
of an Englishman, the Englishman shall pay the penalty of the same value as
given to Indians. Half of each
party's payment will be given to the informer.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:508
|
Court
|
Order
|
26
Sept. 1664 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
Many Indians as possible to
be located in one place and enough land laid off for them.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:508
|
Court
|
Order
|
28 Sept. 1664 court
|
Compensation
|
|
|
The value of guns taken from
the Indians is to be paid to them.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:509
|
Court
|
Order
|
24 Nov. 1664 court
|
Interpreter
|
|
|
An interpreter is to live
near the Pamunkey Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:509
|
Court
|
Order
|
12 Oct. 1665 court
|
Patent
|
|
|
Indian is allowed to patent
for land.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:509
|
Court
|
Order
|
19 Oct. 1665 court
|
Release
|
|
|
Indians on a pirate's ship
are declared free.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:485
|
Whiteing & Indians
|
Order
|
19 Oct. 1665 court
|
Release
|
|
|
Whiteing brought in Indians
who were taken in a Spanish ship. They are declared free and to have their
liberties.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:509
|
Court
|
Order
|
20 Oct. 1665 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Complaint made by the Queen
of Pamunky.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:510
|
Court
|
Order
|
28 March 1666 court
|
Survey of lands
|
|
|
No land can be surveyed w/in
five miles of an Indian town.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:510
|
Court
|
Order
|
10 July 1666 court
|
War
|
|
|
Murders by Indians, contrary
to treaty of peace, means war of extermination against them.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:488
|
Court
|
Plan
|
10 July 1666 James City
|
Attack
|
|
|
For the last four years,
many inhabitants have been killed by the Indians-contrary to the articles of
peace. Our demands for
satisfaction have not been answered.
For their breaches of the peace, revenge, and prevent future
mischiefs, the towns of Monzation, Nansimond and Port Tobacco w/ the whole
nation of Doegs & Potomacks are to be utterly destroyed, if possible.
Their women, children & goods shall be taken & disposed of according
to Governor's instructions. War
to be managed by officers and men as the Governor shall think fit.
|
McIlwaine 1914: 37
|
Court
|
Order
|
31 Oct. 1666 court
|
Proposition
|
|
|
Proposition concerning
Indians, criminals and attorneys.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:510
|
Court
|
Order
|
17 April 1668 court
|
Confirmation
|
|
|
Confirmation of land granted
to Pamunky Indians on the north of James River.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:513
|
Court
|
Order
|
24 Sept. 1668 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
"Lands delivered up" by
Indians "granted over other side."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:513
|
Court
|
Order
|
23 April 1669 court
|
Servitude
|
|
|
Indian is brought in to be
free after serving five years.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:230
|
Henry Newcomb, William
Woodward, John Devorax & John King
|
Court
|
14 8br. 1670 court
|
Interpreters
|
|
|
These four men were sworn in
court to be interpreters between the Indians & Col. Scarburgh.
|
McIlwaine
1979B:517
|
Court
|
Order
|
13 Oct. 1670 court
|
Horse
|
|
|
Horse, saddle & bridle
to be given back to Indian.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:517
|
Court
|
Order
|
13 Oct. 1670 court
|
Servitude
|
|
|
Indian servant is to be free
after serving six years.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:233
|
Gawin, Indian & Mr.
Thomas Bushrod
|
Order
|
18 Oct. 1670 court
|
Servitude for 6 more years
|
Gawin
|
|
Gawin, servant to Bushrod, is to serve his master for
six more years before he is set free.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:238
|
Lt. Col. George Jordan vs.
Col. Edmond Scarburgh
|
Order
|
25 Oct. 1670 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Upon examination and trial of certain misdemeanors shown
by Jordan about the Indians and other charges, the Gov. & Council ordered
that Scarburgh is to be suspended from all offices, military & civil,
until his future obedience and fidelity is assured & restored by Gov.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:353
|
Chingoskin Indians &
Thomas Harmonson
|
Order
|
24 Oct. 1673 court
|
Survey
|
|
|
Surveyor in Accomack to survey 650 acres of land
belonging to the Chingoskin Indians.
If Harmonson has run w/in their bounds, the Indians to have possession
and Harmonson is to be turned out.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:361
|
Col. Abrahall
|
Order
|
8 Nov. 1673 court
|
Investigation
|
|
|
Abrahall is required to look
into the death of the Englishman and the Indian lately killed in the premises
and make report. Concerned parties also to be present.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:518
|
Court
|
Order
|
8 Nov. 1673 court
|
|
|
|
"Justice done to an indian."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:365
|
Court & Notoway Indians
|
Petition
|
4 April 1674 court
|
Trespass
|
|
|
The English who have seated
w/in the bounds of the Indians' lands mentioned in an Act of Assembly are to
"Come offe." No surveyor is to survey any more land w/ their bounds as
aforesaid and sheriffs of several counties are to give public notice & prevent
such actions.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:369
|
Accomack Indians, Mr. Savage
& Mr. Harmonson
|
Order
|
7 April 1674 court
|
Patent
|
|
|
Examination of evidence re
Indians' claims vs. bounds of Mr. Savage and Mr.
Harmonson by four named men.
Theyare to send report back to court.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:370
|
Court
|
Order
|
7 April 1674 court
|
|
|
|
Indian lands out of "Great
care of the Peace and Safety of this Colony," is enacted an act to prevent
encroachments upon bounds so assigned, and that it should "not be in the
power of any Indian" to "fell or alienate" any of the lands w/in bounds. Such
bargains are by act declared null & void.
Heard that several persons have eluded the act by taking
lease from the Pomunki and Chickahominy Indians. Ordered that no person take
any lease from Indians and seat any lands until cases are determined in next
Assembly what course should be taken.
This is to prevent any "illegal disturbances of the Indians." Sheriffs in all counties to give
public notice to that effect.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:380
|
Court
|
Jury
|
25 Sept. 1674 court
|
Verdict: "guilty."
|
|
|
Harry, an Indian, was tried
in court for stabbing a person. He is to be hanged by the neck until dead.
|
McIlwaine
1979B:518
|
Court
|
Order
|
25 Sept. 1674 court
|
Minutes
|
|
|
Indian to be put to death
per sentence.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:381
|
Court & Accomack
Indians, et al.
|
Order
|
28 Sept. 1674 court
|
Land boundaries
|
|
|
These Indians "have always beene in peace with us" and
thus is necessary that they are secured in their possessions. Titles of Savage and Indians to be
examined and portion of Savage's land to be given to Indians who shall give
Savage and his heirs "one yeare of Indian Corne yearly for Acknowledgement."
While Harmonson was acquitted from court, Kendall, who had possessed part of
Savage's land, is to give good security.
He will no longer threaten, disturb or frighten the
Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:384
|
Court & Major General
Wood
|
Order
|
29
Sept. 1674 court
|
Public notice
|
|
|
Sheriffs who border these
Indians were ordered to make public the court's order but failed to do
so. Major General Wood is
ordered to make inquiry to the same and report back to court.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:400
|
Nanzaticoe Indians &
Thomas Prosseer
|
Petition
|
21 Nov. 1674 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
The Nanzaticoe Indians have
deserted their lands laid out for them by Public Authority and have not lived
there last two years. Prosser can have the liberty to seat his land within
the said bounds if his petition is true.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:401
|
Bartholomew Austin &
Guardians of Conquest Wyatt
|
Order
|
3 March 1674/5 James City
|
Suit re lands
|
|
|
The named guardians of
Conquest Wyatt vs. Austin: The lease let by the Cheskyake Indians to Austin
was found to be good and 150 acres of land is to be laid out by the surveyor.
|
McIlwaine 1914:64
|
Court
|
Act
|
7 March 1675 James City
|
Defense
|
|
|
"An act for the Safeguard
and defence of the Country against the Indians" was discussed along w/ the
distribution of 3051 pounds of ammunition
for certain forts.
|
McIlwaine 1914:64
|
Court
|
Order
|
7 March 1675 James City
|
Protection
|
|
|
Sir William Berkeley is to
be protected w/ a standing guard of twenty-four men who shall be paid at the
rate of 1,500 lbs. tobo. w/ cask per annum by the public. 24,000 lbs. shall be paid Berkeley if
he is willing to accommodate them at Green Spring w/ provisions.
|
McIlwaine 1914:64
|
Peracuta & Appomattuck
Indians
|
Petition
|
7 March 1675 James City
|
License
|
|
|
The Appomattuck Indians
requested that Peracuta, King of the Appomattuck, be given license to plant
and clear any land that is not taken up by the English. They also asked that "their old
Towne" be "not fired by the English" and that the English not fire into the
woods "to the prejudice of those Indians."
They wish to fish and gather rushes on the heads of rivers
w/o any disturbance, provided that they come unarmed and in a peaceful
manner. Lastly, they wished to
have liberty grant "to all other, who are ready to give hostages."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:518
|
Court
|
Order
|
7 Oct. 1675 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Complaint of an Indian
against his master.
|
McIlwaine 197B:425
|
Benjamin, Indian &
Charles Dunn
|
Order
|
8 Oct. 1675 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
Benjamin the Indian is to
return to his master Dunn, but Dunn must appear in next
court to answer Benjamin's complaint.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:425
|
George & Chickahominy Indians
|
Order
|
8 Oct. 1675 court
|
Estate
|
|
|
Ordered that Interpreter George to the Indians that
belong to the Great Munguy & "Charge them to Admitt the Said Munguy into
the Same degree he vuse? to be in & Restore him his Estate." If they deny
the same, the English shall take it amiss since Munguy has "always" been a
"faithful friend to the English."
|
McIlwaine 1979B:426
|
John Rawlins & Indian
woman
|
Jury
|
9 Oct. 1675 court
|
Murder
|
|
|
John Rawlins, accused of
murdering an Indian woman, was acquitted by proclamation since the Jury found
"Ignoramus."
|
McIlwaine 1914:70
|
Chesecake Indians &
Court
|
Order
|
20 Feb. 1676 Green Spring
|
Peace
|
|
|
The Chesecake Indians may
"quietly and safely return to, and abide in their townes, and haue and Inioy
equall liberty," w/ all other neighboring friende Indians" as long as they
conduct themselves submissively and peaceably.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:450
|
Mrs. Sarah Kirkman, dau
ffrances & Indians
|
Petition
|
21 March 1675/6 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
They cannot seat lands in
Potomock, which belonged to her decd husband Mr. Ffrancis Kirkman, because of
"Reason of the Warr with ye Indians."
She was given seven years' liberty to seat lands.
|
McIlwaine 1914:107
|
Court
|
Order
|
N.D. [c. 1676?]
|
Resolutions
|
|
|
Peace to be made w/ the
Indians to the best advantage, w/ the exception of the Doegs- the Indians who
make peace to be brought in at a convenient time.
After they make peace, no one can keep, directly or
indirectly, any Indian to hunt or otherwise.
Furthermore, 1000 men should be raised for the Indian wars
out of the respective counties in this country.
Each county is to pay for their soldiers and provisions-
this Act was once nullified by the violence of Nathaniel Bacon, but now the
Act be provided again to enable payment to soldiers which is "leavyed against
the Indians & for their Provision, &c."
|
McIlwaine 1914:107-108
|
Inhabitants of James City
County to King Charles II
|
Petition
|
6 Feb. 1676?
|
Trade
|
|
|
They formerly had free
access "of the Indians amongst us by their painting, & disfiguring
themselves not to be knowne" which caused "agrievance." They now desire that there be peace
made w/ their neighboring Indians, have clear boundaries and that the Indians
who come among them be required to wear badges as formerly provided by the 4th
Act of Assembly in September 1663.
They also wish to advance themselves by trading w/ the Indians, but
restraint is needed w/ respect to powder, shot and ammunition to the Indians
per Act of Assembly in 1665- since the Indians "have bin therewith better
p'vided than ourselves." [10
issues enumerated in document.]
|
McIlwaine 1914:107-108
|
Inhabitants of James City
County to King Charles II
|
Petition
|
6 Feb. 1676?
|
|
|
|
One of the above mentioned
10 issues concerned "several Indian slaves" who were taken by the charge
& expense of the whole Cuntry, in the late Indian Warrs, but is in the
hands of severall private Psons."
Proposal: these Indians should be used only for public, not private,
profit.
|
McIlwaine 1914:69
|
Court
|
Order
|
20 Feb. 1676 Green Spring
|
War
|
|
|
Each county shall pay for
provisions, arms, ammunition, horses, horse furniture, and other necessaries
that are raised in their county for the Indian warr.
|
McIlwaine 1914:69
|
Court
|
Order
|
20 Feb. 1676 Green Spring
|
Indian prisoners
|
|
|
Soldiers, who have taken or
shall take any enemy Indian prisoners or Indian plunder or goods, shall be
under "a lawful Comand" that they keep all "such Indian Slaues, or other
Indian goods," as they have taken or shall take, to their proper use. This is for "their better
Encouragment to such service."
|
McIlwaine 1914:89-90
|
Queen of Pamunky
|
Petition
|
20 Feb. 1676 Green Spring
|
List of proposals
|
|
|
The Queen of Pamunky made a
number of petitions: 1) that her lands restored to her, provided that she
shall comply w/ the Acts of Assembly made last March and other injunctions as
these arise by the Grand Assembly; 2) that her Indians may not be entertained
or employed by the English; 3) that the goods be restored to her which she
had left at her "Towne" when "shee fledd" and were taken away by the English;
4) that not too many of her Indians be required on service at once; 5) that any
of her Indians who are now employed in the English service may have the
plunder they get from other Indians; 6) that liberty be given to gather bark
from trees on any man's land to build cabins; 7) that they be given
permission to hunt on the frontier lands and plantations; 8) that they be
given liberty to fish at Powhite; 9) that her Indians not be abused by the
English; and 10) that liberty also be given to redeem her Indians and goods.
Responses
of the court: 1) provided that she complay w/ the Acts of Assembly made last
March & other injunctions, it is thought "reasonable" that her lands be
restored; 2) no Englishman shall under any pretense employ any of her Indians
to hunt or entertain them in their houses above one night w/o certificate
from her or by pcuremt since the penality is 30 lbs. tobo. for each night any
Indian is entertained; 3) what goods can be found shall be restored and she
is obligated to deliver all the horses and goods taken that she or any of her
Indians took from the English; 4) no more than one-third of her Indians shall
be required regarding service; 5) all Indians employed in the country's
service shall have what plunder they can get from other Indians except for
horses, arms & ammunition- these are to be returned to the Governor or
some other authority; 6) she shall first have leave from the owners of such
land to gather the bark; 7) she can hunt on the frontier lands once she has
delivered her hostages according to Act, & her other Indians can hunt or
walk the same, but not painted; 8) she and her Indians can fish in all
"convenient places" as long as they first give notice to Capt. William Bird
or others in the area; 9) if the English abuse them, they are to have
recourse to the Justice of the Peace whose warrant may command the offender
or offenders to court and redress the injury; and 10) if she can, she can
have the liberty to redem her Indians and goods, and if she cannot, then the
court shall determine the matter.
|
McIlwaine 1914:115
|
Queen of Pamunkie
|
Petition
|
10 Oct. 1677 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
The Queen of Pamunkie
petitioned to have confirmation of the lands she sold to several of the
English for certain payments "in part thereof." Since this is not consistant
w/ the Laws of the country or beneficial for the public good & safety,
the English purchasers are required to come to court to make good their
claims. Those w/ no valid claims shall lose the benefits or payments in
connection w/ such claims. Until then, the Queen is not to be molested or
have proceedings against her in any way.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:520
|
Court
|
Plan
|
27 Nov. 1678 court
|
Sentence & plan
|
|
|
Sentence given for a violent
assault upon an Indian. If
Indian invasions continue, then war is to be "vigorously" carried out.
|
McIlwaine 1979B:520
|
Court
|
Order
|
23 Jan. 1679/80 court
|
Indian problems
|
|
|
Concerning murders committed
by Indians and existence of prisoners.
Provisions need to be provided for the future.
|
McIlwaine 1925:40
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
13 March 1682 court
|
|
|
|
Indians shall not come to
"Town" at the expense of the counties, except for emergencies.
|
McIlwaine 1925:488-489
|
Court & Indians
|
Court
|
10 May 1682 court
|
|
|
|
The present state of the
country is extremely poor and forces kept in pay to prevent sudden mischiefs.
The people propose that the Indian's trade should be confined under the
Governor's direction to two persons of integrity and ability for five years.
No Indians should be slaves that "the Bounds of the Country may not be
encroacht on as had been attempted by the Md. and N.C. governors."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:41
|
Court
|
Order
|
8 Xbris 1682 court
|
Acts
|
|
|
"An Act declaring Indian
women servants tythable" and "An Act repealing a former Law making Indians
and others free."
|
McIlwaine 1925:53
|
Court, Mattapony Towne &
Chickahominy Fort
|
Order
|
21 Nov. 1683 James City
|
Indian forts
|
|
|
The Senecas have made "great
Spoiles" on the "stocks" of this Government, "riffled" a number of
houses, reduced and took the
Mattapony Indian Town. At
present, they are besieging the Chickahominy Fort.
Col. Wm. Byrd is to to either the "Chicahominy or Rappa:
Indian Fort" to treat w/ them.
|
McIlwaine 1914:205
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 May 1684 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
Question concerns whether
the militia officers & soldiers should perform their duties to the utmost
w/o pay. Court decreed that they
should defend their county to their "utmost power and strength" w/o any
allowance from the public for the same.
|
McIlwaine 1914:233-234
|
Lord Effingham
|
Order
|
16 May 1684 court
|
Instructions
|
|
|
The issues concerning Indian
affairs are the most important concerning the security of the country. Since they were not satisfied w/ his
"last well grounded Resolution," they are now instructed to conduct a
conference w/ the Council as he shall appoint and that they also nominate to
him the names of some members to the house.
There is to be no further delay since Indian matters must
be quickly resolved. Names are given to Effingham as requested.
|
McIlwaine 1914:234
|
Court
|
Order
|
19 May 1684 court
|
Amendment to bill
|
|
|
Words "vizt either in
burning or forcible entring into our houses or by killing maiming or Carrying
away any of ye Inhabitants" are to be inserted between lines 14 and 15 in the
bill concerning defense of the country. Bill read three times in court,
assented and now sent up to the Governor & Council.
|
McIlwaine 1925:79
|
Gov. & Council, George
Smith & Successor to the
Queen of
Pomunkey
|
Order
|
1 July 1686 at house of Col. Nathaniel
Bacon
|
Succession & loss of
Indians
|
|
|
George Smith, interpreter to
the Pomunkey Indians, stated that the Queen of Pomunkey was "lately dead" and
the Indians wanted her neice to be the next ruler.
The Queen's neice and great men are to come to the
Governor at James City. The
"Indian Harries wife, being a Pomunkey Indian," is to attend as well to state
what she knows of the fate of her husband and other Indians lost "from
Col. Byrd's." Smith also to find
out what happened to these Indians.
|
McIlwaine 1925:134-135
|
Gov. & Council &
Chickahominy Indians
|
Act
|
24 Oct. 1690 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
Several persons have
purchased & taken leave of Chickhominy Indians to live on the land at
Pamunkey Neck. Land was given to
the Chickahominies by the Order of Assembly in 1660. These persons are to leave, remove
their stocks, etc. Otherwise,
their houses built w/in the last three years shall be burnt after the last of
January.
|
McIlwaine 1925:146-147
|
William Duckingfield,
Tuskaroo & Maherin Indians & Daniel Pugh
|
Complaint & Deposition
|
26 Jan. 1690/1 York Courthouse
|
Illegal shipping of Indians
|
|
|
Deposition of William
Duckingfield: A Maherin Indian informed the Tuskaroo Indians that their two
missing men were not killed by the English but that a Daniel Pugh of
Nansimond County had sent four of them to Barbadoes and "other Islands." The Tuskaroo threaten revenge but
agree to have Duckingfield talk to the Governor on their behalf to prevent
the English warring on them if attacked by them.
They shall see the Governor themselves in warmer weather. Pugh is ordered to come to court to
answer complaint.
|
McIlwaine 1925:157-158
|
Thomas Tyler, Indians &
Daniel Pugh
|
Deposition
|
19 Feb. 1690/1 James City
|
Indians on ship
|
|
|
Thomas Tyler, Master of the
Brigantine Swallow of Barbadoes: He carried out two Indians
last year as per instructions and
bill of Lading signed to Daniel Pugh of Nansimond County for these
Indians. Pugh has absconded and
sheriff is to find & take him into custody.
|
McIlwaine 1914:343
|
Appamatack Indian Queene
|
Petition
|
24 April 1691 court
|
To dwell among the English
|
|
|
The "Appamatack Indian
Queene" petitioned on the behalf of her people and herself to suffer to dwell
"among the English." This
request was referred to the Governor & Council, read and then sent to
"the Committee of grievances & propositions."
|
McIlwaine 1914:343
|
Nicholas Witherington
|
Petition
|
24 April 1691 court
|
Claim
|
|
|
Witherington's claim for 980
lbs. tobo. regarding "ferriage of Indians over James River" is read in court
and referred to the Committee for Public Claims.
|
McIlwaine 1914:343
|
Thomas Busbey
|
Petition
|
24 April 1691 court
|
Payment
|
|
|
Busbey's request for
"allowance as interpreter to the Southern Indians to be levyed" so that no
deduction is made for cask. Read in court and referred to the Committee of
Propositions.
|
McIlwaine 1914:343
|
Chicohomimy Indians
|
Petition
|
24 April 1691 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
The Chicohominy Indians'
petition to continue living on the land "of Mr. Ben. Arnold" is read in court
and also given to the Committee of Propositions.
|
McIlwaine 1914: 349, 353-354
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
5, 7 & 9 May 1691 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
A bill concerning free trade
with the Indians is read in court for the second and third time, and passed.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:141
|
Court
|
Order
|
8 & 9 May 1691 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
"A Bill for a ffree trade
with Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1914:359
|
Court
|
Order
|
14 May 1691 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
Bill concerning free trade
w/ Indians was sent to the Council for concurrence and then received w/ a
proposal of a clause to be added.
The bill w/ the clause sent back to the Council, who agreed to it.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:144
|
Court
|
Order
|
14 May 1691 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
"A Bill for a free trade
with ye Indians, to which they adhered with ye Several additions."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:179
|
Court
|
Order
|
16 March 1692 court
|
Trade
|
|
|
Clerk of the General
Assembly is ordered "to carry the following Answer to the Address about the
Instruction for the Free trade with the Indians to the house of
Burgesses." He is also to
carry the answer to the above address.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:181-183
|
Court
|
Order
|
23, 24 & 28 March 1692
court
|
Bill re hogs
|
|
|
A Bill which concerned hogs
belonging to the Indians was read in court three times, and agreed to, "as
Sent."
|
McIlwaine 1914:426
|
Committee
|
Order
|
16 March 1692/3 court
|
Propositions
|
|
|
1) No persons shall be
admitted to go out to trade but only at certain times and places in every
county for the Indians to bring in their "trucke." This became the 9th
Act of Assembly. 2) Each town or
nation of Indians shall receive certain marks for their hogs to prevent
theft. 3) No English person
shall trade, deal or receive any pork from any Indian w/o proper mark, the
penalty being 1,000 lbs. of tobo. This is in connection w/ the 6th
Act of Assembly made in 1674 regarding the same. Dispute lies in what county
court should assign the marks to the "Weynonokes & Notoway Indians." And
4) A clause is to be inserted in the bill authorizing Surry County court to
assign a particular mark for hogs of the "Weyonoakes & Notoway Indians."
|
McIlwaine 1914:427-428
|
E. Andros
|
Document
|
16 March 1692/3
|
Request granted
|
|
|
Free trade w/ the Indians,
"preferring ye particular benefit of their people" before any advantage that
might "accrew unto them by restraining said Trade" is granted. This would be
beneficial for the colony.
|
McIlwaine 1914: 433-434, 436
|
Court
|
Order
|
20-22 March 1692/3 court
|
Hogs
|
|
|
Bill concerning the marking
of Indians' hogs read three times in court and passed. The title of the bill shall be "An
Act Concerning Indians hogs."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:184
|
Court
|
Order
|
29 March 1693 court
|
Clerk & bill re hogs
|
|
|
The clerk of the General
Assembly shall carry the bill concerning the Indians' hoggs to the House of
Burgesses "endorst thus."
|
McIlwaine 1914:442
|
Court
|
Order
|
30 March 1693
|
Hogs
|
|
|
Bill concerning the Indians'
hogs were delivered at table and then returned from the Court w/o any further
amendments.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:189
|
Court
|
Order
|
3 April 1693 court
|
Act
|
|
|
"The honoble Councill have
been pleased with the Burgesses to agree upon severall Acts which they have
Judged Conducible to the Peace Defence and Welfare of this their Mas.
Dominion...": "2. An Act concerning Indians hoggs."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:189
|
Court
|
Order
|
3 April 1693 court
|
Act
|
|
|
[Same as above but with] "6.
An Act for continueing the Rangers at the heads of the four great Rivers."
|
McIlwaine 1914:454
|
Comittee
|
Report
|
16 Oct. 1693 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
The Committee's report
concerns a proposal that the Rangers at "the heads of Great Rivers" be
continued.
|
McIlwaine 1914:460
|
Queen of Weyonoake
|
Petition
|
21 Oct. 1693 court
|
Hogs
|
|
|
Queen of Weyonoake and her
Indians would like to have two years' time to kill & dispose of their
hogs, which at present are under another mark than what was assigned lately
by Surry County Court. Petition read
in court and referred to the Committee of Public Claims for consideration.
|
McIlwaine 1914:465
|
Queen of Weyonoake
|
Petition
|
25 Oct. 1693 court
|
Resolutions
|
|
|
Resolutions to the Queen of
Weyonoake's petition are read twice, both before the committee and the court,
before being agreed to by the house. They are to add a clause to the Act made
at the last Assembly to mention "the same for liberty to ye Weyonoake Indians
to kill & dispose of their hogs under ye marke they now are until the
last of January 1694."
|
McIlwaine 1914:474
|
Court & Indians
|
Order
|
30 Oct. 1693 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
Bill read in court about
Indians for the first time.
|
McIlwaine 1914:473 & 476
|
Court
|
Order
|
31 Oct. 1693 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
A bill which declared
"Negroes, Moores, Molattoes, & Indian slaves" read in court three times
and passed.
|
McIlwaine 1914:475-476
|
Court
|
Order
|
31 Oct. & 1 Nov. 1693
court
|
Bill
|
|
|
Bill concerning Indians was
read in court three times, amended and passed.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:198
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 Nov. 1693 court
|
Act
|
|
|
Readings in court of
"An Act for Continuing the Rangers att the heads of the
four greate Rivers."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:198, 203
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 & 2 Nov. 1693 court
|
Act
|
|
|
"An Act declaring Negros,
Moores Molatto's & Indian Slaues" read in court more than once.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:198, 199,
205
|
Court
|
Order
|
1 & 14 Nov. 1693 court
|
Act
|
|
|
"An Act Concerning Indians"
read aloud in court three times.
|
McIlwaine 1925:320
|
Court & Chickohomony
Indians
|
Petition
|
25 Oct. 1694 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
The lands on the north side
of the Mattapony River in King & Queen County are so poor that it will no
longer yield corn or wood for the Chickahomonies to survive. They pray to have a tract called
Quaynohomock that "lye's over against them in Pomunkey Neck, not Improved and
formerly theirs."
|
McIlwaine 1913:72
|
Thomas Blunt & William
Stone
|
Petitions
|
2 Oct. 1696 court
|
Allowances
|
|
|
Blunt, as interpreter to the
Indians on the south side of the James River, asked for allowance for his
services. Stone had served
the Pamunkey Indians as their interpreter and now requested allowance.
|
McIlwaine 1913:72
|
Giles Webb and George Mason
|
Petition
|
2 Oct. 1696 court
|
Allowance
|
|
|
As captains for 2 months'
worth of service of the "18 Additional Rangers," they also requested
allowance.
|
McIlwaine 1913: 73, 75-76,
78, 82
|
Court
|
Order
|
2, 3, 5, 7,10 Oct. 1696
court
|
Bill
|
|
|
Bill concerning giving
rewards to Indians for killing wolves: the Council agreed w/ the bill, but
added one amendment. The same is
agreed by the house and made into a bill.
|
McIlwaine 1979A: 235-237, 244
|
Court
|
Order
|
5, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 13 & 31 Oct. 1696 court
|
Bill & Act
|
|
|
Readings of "A bill giving a
reward to Indians for Killing of Wolves" in court.
At one of the last readings, "some amendments assented
it." The bill was then presented
as final and assented by the House of Burgesses on the 13th.
|
Duvall 1957:21-22 [Ambler
Ms. #65]
|
William Sherwood
|
Will
|
18 Aug. 1697
|
Freedom & 50s Ster.
|
|
|
"My Indian woman Dorothy
Jubille to be free Immediately after my decease being satisfied she is no
slave and in full of corn and clothes I give her fifty shill. Sterl."
|
McIlwaine 1913:105
|
Indian troubles
|
Investigation
|
25 Oct. 1697 court
|
Murder
|
|
|
Two Indians at Apamatucke
were questioned and cleared about the murder of an Englishman from South
Carolina by some unknown Indians near Roanoke River. These same two Indians
were later killed that evening by other Indians w/in our settlements and
habitations.
|
McIlwaine 1927:41
|
Gov. & Council & Indian tribes
|
Investigation
|
22 Feb. 1699 James City
|
Indian peace treaty
|
|
|
Court learned that the Great
Men of the Nottoway, Meheren, Nansemund, Pamunkey, Chickahomini, Rappahanock,
and Nantiatico Indians intended to make peace w/ some foreign Indians w/o the
knowledge or consent of the Gov. & Council.
Indians confessed that they had designed a Treaty of Peace
w/ the Tawittawayes & others & each had prepared a Peake belt (being
the token that usually passes between them when they desire a treaty of peace). The Nantiaticos planned to take these
to the foreign Indians but since the Gov. & Council are not pleased, they
shall not do so. Interpreters to tell each of the nations that the next time
they pay their tributes, they shall get back the peake belts.
|
McIlwaine 1925:415
|
Court & Indians
|
Court
|
25 Feb. 1698/9 court
|
Tribute
|
|
|
Indian interpreters on 1st
of May to bring several nations of Indians in order to pay tribute to his Excellency at Middle
Plantation. They to bring some
of the "best and most active of the youth of their severall nations" with
"their bowes and arrows."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:261
|
Court
|
Order
|
8 May 1699 court
|
Clerk & proceedings
|
|
|
Clerk of the General
Assembly is ordered "to carry all the papers concerning the Rangers, Indians
and their trade to the House of Burgesses."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:261
|
Court
|
Order
|
9 May 1699 court
|
Complaint
|
|
|
The complaints of the Queen
of Pamunky and other Indian nations are to be referred to the consideration
of an appointed committee, which will hear & determine the disputes and
controversies with respect to claims & titles to land on Pamunky Neck and
south side of Blackwater Swamp.
Their opinion to be reported.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:262
|
Thomas Davis & Indians
|
Petition
|
11 May 1699 court
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Davis' petition for an
allowance to bring Indians & their interpreter over the James river is
read aloud by the House of Burgesses for consideration.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:262
|
George Ivie et al.
|
Petition
|
11 May 1699 court
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Ivie's request for the
repeal of the Act of Assembly agst. the English marrying w/ negroes, Indians or
molattoes is read & referred to the House of Burgesses for consideration.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:262
|
Committee, Queen of Pamunky
and Robert Peasley
|
Court
|
12 May 1699 court
|
Complaint & Interpreter
|
|
|
The Queen of Pamunky
complained that several of the English have encroached upon the "Libertyes of
her people Contrary to the Articles of Peace" and other Orders of the General
Court. Committee requested their
Excellency to have two or three great men of the Pamunky Indians & their
interpreter to attend and show the said Articles of Peace and Orders as the
basis for their complaint. Robert Peasely, "the Indian Interpreter," is to
get & bring these great men as soon as possible to James City to
prosecute the same and that Peasely is to be w/them.
|
McIlwaine 1913:169, 172
|
Court
|
Order
|
19 May 1699 court
|
Bill
|
|
|
A bill declaring whether
"the Negroes, Mulatto or Indian Woemen" are bond or free for tithables. Read in court, debated, and passed in
the afirmative.
|
des Cognets 1981:62 [Title
Upon Indian Leases]
|
Pamunkey Indians &
Council
|
Articles of the Peace and
136th Act of Assembly
|
June 1699 court
|
Claims
|
|
|
Titles & claims of the
Pamunkey to be null & void due to the true intent of the Articles of
Peace and the 136th Act of Assembly.
Moreover, the peopling of the colony as well as the claims
of many people for lands would improve the colony for the King.
|
des Cognets 1981:66
|
Drammacho Mongy, Ruler of
Chickahominy
|
Pamunkey Neck and Blackwater
Land (Claims)
|
2 June 1699 court
|
Petition
|
|
|
Drammacho Mongy, chief Ruler
of the Chickahominy, petitioned that lands in Pamunkey Neck should, by the
Articles of Peace May 1677, belong to them.
Any sales they had should be confirmed. The Committee rejected the claim on
the grounds that only land "within 3 miles of the Indian Town was Indian
property." Sales made by them are thus null & void, except in cases for
lands they hold by his Majesties' subjects by exchange and confirmed.
|
McIlwaine 1927:22
|
Mr. Robert Peasely, Mr.
Marshall, the Chickahominy, Pamunkey, et al.
|
Order
|
2 Nov. 1699 James City
|
Interpreter & Indians
|
|
|
Peasely, interpreter to the
Indians in the northern parts of the colony to bring to court on the 10th of
Nov. the following Indians: Mr. Marshall, a Pamunkey Indian of the Pamunkeys,
Chickahominyes, Rapppahanocks, and Nantiaticoes- twogreat men of each
Nation. Peasely also to find two
Nottoway Indians who went to the northern parts and bring them to court. He himself must also be present in
court.
|
McIlwaine 1927: 154
|
John Ide & Thomas Bage
|
Court
|
April 1700 court
|
Murder
|
|
|
John Ide, condemned for the
murder of Thomas Bage of Surry County, was executed.
|
McIlwaine 1927:104
|
Court & Emperor of
Pomonker Indians, et al.
|
Conference
|
4 Sept. 1700 James City
|
|
|
|
By command of his Excellency
of Md.: Phillip Hoskins & William Dent, Esqrs. of Md. & the Emperor of Pomonker
Indians in a conference.
|
McIlwaine 1927:226
|
Court & Drammacho, Ruler
of the Chicahominies
|
Order
|
12 March 1701 court
|
Petition re lands
|
|
|
Drammacho, Munguy &
Ruler of the Chicahominy Indians, on his and his people's behalf, on matters
of land. Interpreter to bring them to court and a copy of their petition be
sent to the sheriff of King & Queen County.
|
McIlwaine 1927:148
|
Court, Nanzsemond &
Pomonkey Indians
|
Complaint
|
10 June 1701 court
|
Indian captives
|
|
|
Nanzemond Indians complained
that the Pomonkey Indians had carried away two of their men. Court wishes to promote amity, peace,
etc. & prevent feuds.
Ordered that the interpreter of the Pomonkeys to have them surrender these
two captives and return them to their own Nation.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:298
|
Thomas Blunt
|
Petition
|
14 Aug. 1701 & 24 Sept.
1701 courts
|
Salary
|
|
|
Blunt, an interpreter to the
Nottoway & Nansemond Indians, petitioned for a salary, which was read in
court and referred to the House of Burgesses.
|
McIlwaine 1913:285
|
Pamunkey & Chickahominy
Indians
|
Order
|
4 Sept. 1701 court
|
Claims & Lands
|
|
|
The chain carriers and ax
men who laid out the lands for the Pamunkey Indians make claim for their
work. Committee for Public Claims shall add the expenses to their book
concerning claims. In addition, the Chickahmominy Indians are to enjoy the
same priviledges and immunities like the Pamunkey Indians and that they will
have land laid out for them in Pamunkey Neck between the branches of Herring
Creek. This is in accordance w/
the Articles of Peace made on 29 May 1677.
|
McIlwaine 1913:169, 172
|
Court & Pamunkey Indians
|
Order
|
4 Sept. 1701 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
It appeared that the said
lands are contained w/in the boundaries of Pamunkey Indians' land. Resolved that a patent should be
issued to the Pamunkey Indiuans and their posterity for their lands according
to a survey made by Mr. James Ming.
Ming is to be paid 3,292 lbs. tobo. for laying out the Pamunkey Indian
lands. The same is to be entered
to the book of reports of the Committee for Public Claims.
|
McIlwaine 1913:.285
|
Pamunkey & Chickahominy
Indians
|
Order
|
4 Sept. 1701 court
|
Claims & Bill
|
|
|
Mr. Robert Beverley is to
examine the claims for services done in behalf of the Pamunkey &
Chickahominy Indians. A bill for
the "Quieting the Possessions of the Several persons Seated w/in the bounds
of the land" which was laid out for the Pamunkey Indians is considered and
prepared. The Chickahominy
Indians also shall live on the lands once the lands are laid out.
|
McIlwaine 1913:290
|
Two strange Indians
|
Order
|
6 Sept. 1701 court
|
Deportation
|
|
|
Two strange Indians,
prisoners sent by Mr. Peter ffield, are considered enemies of this
Government. They are to be guarded, brought down and sent to Barbadoes.
|
McIlwaine 1913:291
|
Pamunkey Indians and Enemies
|
Orders
|
9 Sept. 1701 court
|
Bills
|
|
|
Bill concerning the quieting
of lands w/in the bounds of land laid out for the Pamunkey Indians are read
three times and resolved. The
other bill, concerning the strengthening of frontiers and discovery of "the
approaches of an Enemy" also read in court for the third time.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:306, 308,
313
|
Court & Pamunky Indians
|
Order
|
9, 10, 12 & 23 Sept. 1701
|
Bill
|
|
|
"A bill for Quieting ye
possescon of Sevll persons Seated Within ye bounds of ye Land laid out for ye
Pamonky Indians" is read a number of times in court before it is passed.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:306
|
Court
|
Order
|
10 Sept. 1701 court
|
Clerk & Proceedings
|
|
|
Proceedings agst. the "Two
Strange Indians Prisoners" and rest of papers and charges are to be carried
by the clerk of the General Assembly to the House of Burgesses for their
consideration and how the charge shall be paid.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:308
|
Court
|
Order
|
12 Sept. 1701 court
|
Defense
|
|
|
House of Burgesses agreed w/
the amendment concerning "an Act or the better Strengthening the ffrontiers,
and discovering ye Approaches of an Enimie."
|
McIlwaine 1979A:308, 313,
324-325
|
Court
|
Bill
|
12, 23 Sept. and 1, 2 Oct. 1701 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
Bill entitled "An Act for
Quieting ye Possession of severall Persons seated wthin ye bounds of ye Land
Laid out for ye Pamunkey Indians" read three times and now is agreed to by
the Council and ordered to pass w/o any amendments.
|
McIlwaine 1979A:325
|
Court & Governor
|
Bill
|
2 Oct. 1701 court
|
Lands
|
|
|
Governor objected to the
above referenced bill, since he found this to be "very Contrary to ye
Articles of peace made wth ye Indians" and more specifically to the
instructions he had received from the Commissioners of Trade and Plantation
on this very subject. Thus cannot give his assent to bill.
|
McIlwaine 1913: 349
|
|