Guilford Courthouse Administrative History

CHAPTER 12:
Endnotes

1 "Master Plan Guilford Courthouse National Military Park North Carolina," National Park Service, 1969, p. 11.

2 "Master Plan," pp. 11, 27-29, 37. "Adverse night use" and other law enforcement issues are considered separately. Park lands at this point were held under two jurisdictional classifications. The original 125-acre tract was classified as an exclusive jurisdiction, and all subsequent additions were considered proprietorial. The recommended simplification was accomplished and all park property re-classified as a concurrent jurisdiction by means of "Memorandum Of Agreement For Concurrent Jurisdiction At National Park Service Units Within The State Of North Carolina," 27 July 1984, Memoranda of Understanding File, Chief of Operations Office, GUCO.

3 In 1966 the park began to systematically accumulate visitor statistics at locations other than the visitor center for the first time in its history. Total park visitation, averaged by decade, in the period 1966-1975 was 823,483; 1976-1985 was 845,302; and for the nine years 1986-1994 was 2,431,438. The last figure is indicative of increases wrought by the area's rapid urban development, and by a change in the multiplier used to compute visitors per vehicle in the park. A2615, GUCO Files.

4 "Master Plan," pp. 11, 30, 37.

5 Ibid., pp. 11, 21-22.

6 Ibid., pp. 11, 25, 30, 50.

7 "Park Master Plan To Be Shown," Greensboro Record, 13 March 1969. The decision to build a new visitor center is covered in "Development Concept Plan, Guilford Courthouse NMP, DSC, 9 May 1974, pp. 1-5. Guilford's inclusion in the Blue Ridge Parkway Management Group was effective 20 August 1969 to 27 April 1975. Neal G. Guse and Lloyd Whitt, Officials Of Southeast Region Offices And Parks, National Park Service, December 15 1983 (Atlanta: NPS, 1983) p.14, n. 3. Guilford's earlier association with the Southern Revolutionary Areas Group had been dissolved in June 1953. Raleigh C. Taylor, Monthly Narrative, 7 July 1953, File A2823, GUCO.

8 Paul V. Barone to Rep. L. Richardson Preyer, 9 August 1970; L. Richardson Preyer to Director George B. Hartzog, Jr., 6 October 1970; J. Leonard Norwood, Assistant Director, to Rep. L. Richardson Preyer, 26 October 1970, L. Richardson Preyer Papers, East Carolina Manuscript Collection, J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University. The date of receipt of this invitation at Preyer's Washington office was 27 October, the day of the public meeting in Greensboro.

9 "United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Detail of Notable Construction Projects, Sixth Congressional District, State of North Carolina," (n.d.) L. Richardson Preyer Papers, ECU; "Park Visitor Center Is Funded," Greensboro Record. 29 January 1973; Guilford Courthouse National Military Park As Constructed Drawings, Contract Number CX-5000-4-9009, John V. Townsend and Associates, November 1978.

10 The earlier plan to establish a bicycle trail that would run along the restored historic trace was rejected upon the argument that such use would damage the trace's surface and "be disturbing to pedestrians there." Memorandum, Director, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation to Associate Director, Professional Services, 13 April 1973, Box 2, GUCO, CRR. The new plan for an eight-foot-wide bicycle trail incorporated into the tour road is explained in Development Concept Plan, p.7.

11 Personal communication with the author by Willard W. Danielson, 19 June 1994. The Development Concept Plan draft stated that the Painter Boulevard Project would be completed within seven years. When this time frame was questioned by the City of Greensboro, it was revised upward to fifteen years. Denver Service Center, Environmental Statement FES74-22 Development Concept Plan, Guilford Courthouse National Military Park, 9 May 1974, pp. 10,51-52.

12 James L. Bainbridge, Acting Director, SER, to Rep. L. Richardson Preyer, 19 July 1974, Preyer Papers, ECU.

13 L. Richardson Preyer to Director Ronald H. Walker, 27 June 1974; James L. Bainbridge, Acting Director, SER, to Rep. L. Richardson Preyer, 19 July 1974, Preyer Papers, ECU.

14 Development Concept Plan, pp. 12,19,46-49,51-53. The extent of commuter traffic was quantified by traffic counts in 1971. New Garden Road averaged 1250 vehicles per day, sixty per cent (275,000 per year) said to be commuter traffic. In this same period, Old Battleground Road carried 2400 vehicles per day.

15 Staff members recall that "a pick-up truck load" of old park files and records were hauled away for disposal at this time. Many gaps in documentation of park history resulted. Personal communications with the author, Donald J. Long, 27 October 1994; Angela W. Fitzgerald, 27 October 1994.

16 "1.5 Million Bicentennial Development Begins At Guilford Courthouse National Military Park," NPS News Release, 1 August 1974, L. Richardson Preyer Papers, ECU; Townsend and Associates, "Guilford Courthouse NMP As Constructed Drawings," November 1978, Sheets 1, 8; Development Concept Plan, p. 10; personal communications by the author with Willard W. Danielson, 19 August 1994, Donald J. Long, Park Ranger, GUCO, 21 October 1994; Master Plan, p.18. Construction details are contained in Denver Service Center, Specifications: Guilford Courthouse National Military Park, Project No. 5170-0114 (NPS: n.d.), I, II.

17 Master Plan, p.25; Trawick Ward and Joffre L. Coe, Archaeological Excavations at the Site of Guilford Courthouse (Chapel Hill: Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, 1976), pp. 1-3, 11-14, 23-24. Investigators indicated some bewilderment that an eighteenth century roadbed showed no signs of ruts and was gravel-covered. It should be noted that this was the same location in which the Webb family had constructed an access road in 1951. Supra, Ch. 8, n.9.

18 Personal communications by the author with Willard W. Danielson 19 June 1994; Donald J. Long, 21 October 1994; Angela W. Fitzgerald, Administrative Technician, GUCO, 12 January 1995.

19 Willard W. Danielson, Superintendent's Annual Narrative Report, 16 March 1989, A2621 GUCO Files.