1. "Roosevelt's Tree Army," New Republic, LXXXIII (June 12, 1935), 127-129.

2. Leuchtenburg, p. 174.

3. New York Times, April 16, 1935.

4. Forests Protected by the CCC (Washington, 1938), pp. 1-3; C.R.M., No. 788, CCC in Emergencies.

5. Forests Protected by the CCC, p. 4.

6. Report of the Director, 1936, p. 29.

7. Forests Protected by the CCC, pp. 7-8.

8. Ibid., pp. 8-9.

9. Ibid., p. 10.

10. Ibid., pp. 11-12.

11. Forest Improvements by the CCC (Washington, 1938), pp. 3-4.

12. Ibid., pp. 6-9.

13. Report of the Director, 1935, p. 41, No. 6, p. 29.

14. Forest Improvements by the CCC, p. 5; Time, XXXIII (Feb. 6, 1939), 11.

15. Report of the Director, 1936, p. 30.

16. New York Times, Nov. 20, 1934.

17. Bernard Frank, acting chief forester, TVA, to Morrell, Feb. 28, 1938; C.R.M., No. 793, Appreciation; see also New York Times, Feb. 11, 1934.

18. Hands to Save the Soil (Washington, 1939).

19. Report of the Director, 1936, p. 31.

20. Hands to Save the Soil.

21. The CCC and Wildlife (Washington, 1939), pp. 4-5.

22. Ibid., pp. 6-13.

23. Happy Days, Nov. 21, 1936.

24. The CCC and Wildlife, p. 11.

25. Report of the Director, 1936, pp. 30, 34; 1943, p. 52.

26. Ibid., 1936, pp. 37-38.

27. Ibid., p. 39, No. 7, p. 48.

28. Ibid., No. 6, p. 40.

29. Ibid., pp. 42-43.

30. Ibid., p. 42.

31. Ibid., p. 16; Literary Digest, CXX (Dec. 21, 1935), 39.

32. Report of the Director, 1936, p. 16; New York Times, April 9, 1937.

33. New York Herald Tribune, Jan. 10, 1935; New York Times, Aug. 9, 1936.

34. Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures: Hearings Before the Joint Committee on the Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures, Congress of the United States, 77th Congress, First Session, Pursuant to Section 601 of the Revenue Act of 1941, Pts. 1-4, Nov. 28, Dec. 1, 2, and 4, 1941 (Washington, 1942). Hereinafter cited as Nonessential Federal Expenditures, Hearings, 1941.

35. Ibid., p. 279.

36. Report of the Director, 1936, p. 12; 1939, pp. 29, 34; 1940, pp. 24-2. Enrollees received adequate leave time, though no standard leave system was adopted. Conditions and time allowed were rather fluid, depending on how far the enrollee was from his home town, how far the camp was situated from public transport, etc. In general, the enrollee could hope for a home visit at least twice during his enrolment period, as well as enjoying frequent weekend liberties. See chap. viii.

37. Ibid., 1936, pp. 18-19.

38. Gilbert Varner to Fechner, undated, S.D., Benefit Letters.

39. Karl Kidd, Azusa, Calif., to Fechner, undated, ibid.

40. Anon. to Roosevelt, July, 1936, Roosevelt Papers, O.F. 268—Misc., Box 18.

41. Mrs. Maude Barrett, Louisiana state director of relief, to Persons, Jan. 19, 1934, S.D., Benefit Letters.

42. James W. Danner, Cleveland, O., to Roosevelt, Sept. 21, 1936, Roosevelt Papers, O.F. 268—Misc., Box 18.

43. Vernon D. Northrop, Calif., to Persons, undated, S.D., Benefit Letters.

44. Happy Days, Dec. 26, 1936, Jan. 2, 1937.

45. Holland and Hill, pp. 24-31; see also McEntee to Roosevelt, Aug. 10, 1934, O.F. 268, Box 4. McEntee found that 58 per cent of the youths leaving camp during the second six-month work period were idle, compared with 77 per cent of those leaving in the first period. The President was "delighted" with the report.

46. John Ross to Fechner, undated, S.D., Benefit Letters.

47. Boyd Hostetler to Fechner, undated, ibid.

48. Karl Kidd to Fechner, undated, ibid.

49. Joseph E. Bush, Cobalt, Conn., to Fechner, undated, ibid.

50. John E. Hussey, Johnstown, Pa., to Fechner, undated, ibid.

51. Ray Johnson, Cass, W. Va., to Fechner, undated, ibid.

52. Nixon, II, 8.

53. Col. Major to Fechner, Jan. 24, 1934, Director, Correspondence.

54. New York Times, Jan. 9, 1935.

55. Ibid., Nov. 7, 1934.

56. Advisory Council, Minutes, April 20, 1937. Some enrollees reacted violently against the discipline of the Army authorities without necessarily deserting. See Lawrence Bye to Roosevelt, Sept. 19, 1934, Director, Correspondence: "the captain of our camp is trying to enforce military displine on the member of our camp."

57. The desertion problem is discussed in chap. xi, below.

58. Press Release, Sept., 1934, in S.D., Benefit Letters.

59. Ibid.; see also Holland and Hill, pp. 242-243; Hill, pp. 51-53.