Introduction to Every Leader
Being There:Encountering America's Presidents
Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
AMERICAN PRESIDENTS

Credits

The American Presidents Discover Our Shared Heritage travel itinerary was produced by the National Park Service Heritage Education Services in partnership with the National Park Service Office of Tourism, the White House Historical Association, and the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers. The itinerary is based primarily on registration information on historic places in the National Park Service National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks collections. These archives are kept at 1201 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC and are open to the public. Some of the collection is online. Other particularly helpful sources for the content of the itinerary include biographical information for the presidents on the White House and the White House Historical Association websites, the online The Presidents of the United States: Historic Places Commemorating the Chief Executives of the United States, and The Presidents: Every Leader from Washington to Bush © 2003. The White House Historical Association generously gave the National Park Service permission to use the digital images of the portraits of the presidents and first ladies in their collection that appear in the itinerary. All of the portraits are from the White House Collection of the White House Historical Association except for the photographs of President George W. Bush, from the White House, and the photographs of Mary Todd Lincoln and Frances Folsom Cleveland, from the Library of Congress. Several historic photographs are from various collections of the Library of Congress. Kenneth Lee, Associate Counsel to the President, provided approval for the National Park Service to use of the Presidential Seal to illustrate several pages of the itinerary. Thank you also to the many individuals who provided encouragement, support, and advice in developing and improving the content of the itinerary.

The itinerary was conceptualized by Carol Shull, Chief, Heritage Education Services, National Park Service and contractors, Kathryn Warnes and Marilyn Harper, with the support of Dean Reeder, National Park Service Tourism Chief. Leslie Starr Hart, former NPS Superintendent of Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park, now retired; Dwight Pitcaithley, former NPS Chief Historian, now Professor of History at New Mexico State University; and Marianne Peak, NPS Superintendent of Adams National Historical Park assisted in shaping the itinerary. The White House Historical Association President Neil W. Horstman; William Bushong, Historian and Webmaster; and Hilary Crehan, Rights and Reproductions Coordinator provided support and assistance as well as the digital images of the portraits in the White House Historical Association collection.  The NPS is very grateful to nationally known expert on the presidency Richard Norton Smith, Scholar in Residence at George Mason University, for writing the essay, "Being There: Encountering America's Presidents." The NPS is pleased to have been able to use the work of another nationally recognized expert on the presidency Michael Beschloss's Introduction from The Presidents: Every Leader from Washington to Bush © 2003, exerpted and reprinted by permission of American Heritage Publishing Company. Jenni Rodibaugh, Permissions Manager, American Heritage Publishing Company assisted the NPS in obtaining permission. Carol Shull managed production and is the overall general editor of the itinerary. Kathryn Warnes developed the site descriptions, selected the illustrations, designed and programmed the travel itinerary, and provided additional support to produce and promote the itinerary. She is a recent Master of Tourism Administration recipient of George Washington University's School of Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality. Consultant Marilyn Harper helped write and edited the site descriptions, compiled most of the Learn More section, and provided advice on the essays and additional assistance. Interns with Heritage Education Services Joshua Kitchens and Tyson Reeder from the graduate history programs at George Mason University, Kristine Chase recent M.A. recipient from the Savannah College of Arts and Design, and Zasha Guzman-Torres a graduate student in the historic preservation program at the University of Marlyland also assisted in producing the itinerary. Hyejung Kwon designed the original computer template for the itineraries as the practicum for her Masters of Tourism Administration (MTA) at George Washington University’s School of Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management. Kathryn Warnes adjusted the design of the template for the presidential itinerary. Nancy Schamu, Executive Director, and Sharon Smith, Business Manager, of the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers provided administrative support under the cooperative agreement between the National Park Service and the National Conference of State Historic Preservatioon Officers.

The itinerary was produced with the support of the National Park Service's Janet Snyder Matthews, Ph.D, Associate Director, Cultural Resources; Jon Smith, Assistant Associate Director for Heritage Preservation Services; Bryan Mitchell, Chief, Heritage Preservation Services; Antoinette J. Lee, Ph.D, Assistant Associate Director, Historical Documentation; Paul Loether, Chief, National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks; and Richard O’Connor, Ph.D, Chief, Historical Documentation Programs. Daniel Odess, Ph.D, Assistant Associate Director for Park Cultural Resources; Robert K. Sutton, Ph.D, Chief Historian; Sue Waldron, Manager of Public Outreach and Communications; James Laray, Web Coordinator; Shannon Davis, National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers contractor assigned to the NPS Battlefield Protection Program under Paul Hawke; Jeff Joeckel of the National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks staff; and Barbara Little, Ph.D, of the Archeology Program under Frank McManamon, Ph.D, provided valuable advice and assistance in the development of the itinerary. Deidre McCarthy, James Stein, and Matthew Stutts of NPS's Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems, Historical Documentation Programs under John Knoerl, Ph.D, provided training and advice concerning Geographic Information System (GIS) maps used in the itinerary. Joan Bacharach of the NPS Museum Management Program and Amber Young, National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers contractor with the NPS Museum Management Program under Ronald Wilson also provided advice. Greg Creamean of the NPS Information Management Division, National Information Systems Center Digital Information Service Program, NPS Focus Digital Library, and Amir Khan, NPS contractor, assisted with NPS Focus as did John Byrne, the National Register Database Manager.

NPS staff from and on behalf of units of the National Park System included in the itinerary provided most of the images that illustrate the itinerary and much helpful advice on the content relating to specific presidential historic places. Numerous staff and others provided images and input on the content for the other presidential historic places. Individuals who responded to requests for images and were asked for and provided advice on the content of the itinerary regarding specific presidential historic places include:

Presidential Places of the National Park System
• George Washington Birthplace National Monument - Vidal Martinez, Superintendent; Dave A. Laclergue, Acting Superintendent, Thomas Stone NHS; Christine Smith, Deputy Chief, Interpretation and Education, Thomas Stone NHS & George Washington Birthplace NM; Richard Lahey

• George Washington Memorial Parkway - Jon James, Superintendent; David Vela, former Superintendent now Regional Director, Southeast Region; and Ann Womack

• Washington Monument - National Mall and Memorial Parks: Peggy O’Dell, Superintendent; Michael T. Kelly, Park Ranger; Carol A. Highsmith, photographer; Lance Hatten; and Rosanna Weltzin

• Adams National Historical Park - Marianne Peak, Superintendent and photographs by Betty Agati

• Thomas Jefferson National Memorial - National Mall and Memorial Parks: Peggy O’Dell, Superintendent; Michael T. Kelly, Park Ranger;  and Carol A. Highsmith, photographer

• Martin Van Buren National Historic Site - Daniel J. Dattilio, Superintendent; Jim McKay, Patricia West, and Dawn Olson Sackawitch, Park Ranger

• Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site - Keith Pruitt, Superintendent; Sandy Brue, Chief of Interpretation and Resource Management

• Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial - Randall Wester, Superintendent

• Lincoln Home National Historic Site - James A. Sanders, Superintendent

• Ford's Theatre National Historic Site - Sue Hansen, Acting Superintendent

• Lincoln Memorial - National Mall and Memorial Parks: Peggy O’Dell, Superintendent; Michael T. Kelly, Park Ranger;  and Carol A. Highsmith, photographer

• Andrew Johnson National Historic Site - Lizzie Watts, Superintendent and Kendra Hinkle

• Ulysses S. Grant National Historic Site - Michael Ward, Superintendent and Chris Eckard, Chief of Interpretation

• General Grant National Memorial - National Parks of New York Harbor: Maria Burks, Superintendent and Mindi Rambo, Writer, Public Affairs Office; Migalia Figueroa-Peneda, Secretary, Manhattan Sites

• James A. Garfield National Historic Site - Carol Spears, Superintendent and Joan Kapsch, Park Ranger

• Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site - National Parks of New York Harbor: Maria Burks, Superintendent and  Mindi Rambo, Writer, Public Affairs Office; Migalia Figueroa-Peneda, Secretary, Manhattan Sites

• Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Valerie Naylor, Superintendent and Judie Chrobak-Cox, Acting Chief of Interpretation, South Unit District Interpreter

• Sagamore Hill National Historic Site - Tom Ross, Superintendent and Amy Verone

• Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site - Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural Site Foundation: Molly Quackenbush, Superintendent and Janice M. Kuzan, Assistant Director

• Theodore Roosevelt Island National Memorial - Jon James, Superintendent and David Vela, former Superintendent now Regional Director, Southeast Region

• William Howard Taft National Historic Site - Robin White, Superintendent and E. Ray Henderson, Chief of Interpretation

• Herbert Hoover National Historic Site - Cheryl Schreier, Superintendent and Adam Prato, Lead Park Ranger - Interpreter

• Camp Hoover, Shenandoah National Park - Charles Cartwright, Superintendent; Karen Michaud, Chief, Interpretation and Education; Kandace Muller, Museum Specialist

• Home Of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site - Sarah Olson, Superintendent; Scott Rector, Chief of Interpretation; Anne Jordan, Carol Kohan, Franceska Macsali; and  Bill Urban, Photographer

• Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site - Sarah Olson, Superintendent; Scott Rector, Chief of Interpretation; and Bill Urban, Photographer

• Roosevelt Campobello International Park - Skip Cole, Superintendent; Harold Bailey, Natural Resource and Planning Manager; and Lynn A. Bassanese, Deputy Director, Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial - National Mall and Memorial Parks: Peggy O’Dell, Superintendent; Michael T. Kelly, Park Ranger;  and Carol A. Highsmith, photographer

• Harry S Truman National Historic Site - Larry Villalva, Superintendent

• Eisenhower National Historic Site - John Latschar, Superintendent and Carol Hegeman, Supervisory Historian

• John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site - Myra Harrison, Superintendent, Kennedy, Longfellow and Olmsted National Historic Sites; Lee Farrow, Site Manager, John Fitzgreald Kennedy National Historic Site and Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site; and Christine Arato, Supervisory Historian, John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site

• Lyndon B Johnson National Historical Park - Russ Whitlock, Superintendent; Sherry Justus, Integrate Resource Program Manager, Public Information Officer; Cynthia Dorminey, Park Ranger; and Gus Sanchez

• Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac - Jon James, Superintendent

• Jimmy Carter National Historic Site - Gary Ingram, Superintendent; Katherine Brock, Chief of Interpretation; Gabriel Lester, Park Ranger; and Karen Barry, Administrative Officer

• President's Park (The White House) - Office of the Curator of the White House; Office of the National Park Service Liaison to the White House; The White House Historical Association: Neil W. Horstman, President; William Bushong, Historian and Webmaster; and Hilary Crehan, Rights and Reproductions Coordinator

• Independence National Historical Park - Cynthia MacLeod, Superintendent; Doris Devine Fanelli, Ph.D., Chief, Division of Cultural Resource Management; Steve Sitarski, Chief of Interpretation and Visitor Services; Jeffrey Collins, Education Program Manager, Independence Park Institute; Andrea Ashby, Library Technician

• Federal Hall National Memorial - Maria Burks, Commissioner, National Parks of New York Harbor and Superintendent, Manhattan Sites; Shirley McKinney, Deputy Superintendent, Manhattan Sites; C. Steve Laise, Chief of Cultural Resources; Mindi Rambo, Writer, Public Affairs Office; Migdalia Figueroa-Pinedo, Secretary, Office of the Superintendent

• Mount Rushmore National Memorial - Gerard Baker, Superintendent; Pam Koenig, Acting Chief of Interpretation; Amy Bracewell, Education Technician

• First Ladies National Historic Site - Carol J. Spears, Superintendent and Patrica Krider, Executive Director, First Ladies’ Library

Other Presidential Historic Places
• Mount Vernon - Mount Vernon Ladies' Association: Melissa Wood, Media Relations Associate and Dawn Bonner, Photo Services

• Monticello -The Thomas Jefferson Foundation: Daniel P. Jordan, President and Liesel Nowak

• Poplar Forest - Anna McAlpine, Director of Public Relations and Marketing and Anna M. Bentson, Director of Public Relations & Marketing
Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest

• Montpelier - James Madison's Montpelier: Peggy Vaughn and Elizabeth Loring, Assistant Director of Communications

• Oak Hill - Virginia Department of Historic Resources

• James Monroe Museum and Memorial Library, (Monroe Law Office) - James Monroe Museum and Library: John N. Pearce, Director and Meghan Budinger, Assistant Director and Curator

• The Hermitage - Paula Hankins, Vice President of Marketing and Sales, The Hermitage, Home of Andrew Jackson

• Grouseland - Dennis Latta, Executive Director, Grouseland Harrison Museum

• John Tyler House - Virginia Department of Historic Resources

• James K. Polk Home - Thomas Price, Curator of Collections of the James K. Polk Memorial Association

• Zachary Taylor House - Kentucky Heritage Council: Donna Neary, SHPO & Executive Director; Becky Proctor Gorman, Kentucky Main Street Coordinator, ; Marty Perry, National Register Coordinator; and Anthony P. Curtis, Kentucky Historical Society, Project Assistant; and Civil War Sesquicentennial & Kentucky Horse Industry Initiatives

• Millard Fillmore House - Robert Lowell Goller, Aurora Town Historian, Secretary to the Town Supervisor

• Franklin Pierce Homestead - Elizabeth Muzzey, State Historic Preservation Officer and Director, Linda Ray Wilson, Deputy Director, and James L. Garvin, State Architectural Historian, New Hampshire Division of Historical Resources; Jean Keckley Gannon, Chair, Franklin Pierce Homestead

• James Buchanan's Wheatland - Lisa Bowman, photos courtesy of James Buchanan Foundation

• President Lincoln's Cottage - Frank D. Milligan, Director and Erin A. C. Mast, Curator and Site Administrator

• Spiegel Grove - , Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center: Nancy Kleinhenz, Communications and Marketing Director; photos by Gilbert Gonzalez; and Kim Schuette, Communications and Media Relations Manager, Ohio Historical Society

• Chester A. Arthur House - Ruth L. Pierpont, Director, Field Services Bureau, New York State Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation; John P. Dumville, Historic Sites Operation Chief, Vermont Division of Historic Preservation

• Grover Cleveland Birthplace & Grover Cleveland Home - Jonathan Carlucci, Division of Parks and Forestry, New Jersey and Terry Karschner, Interim Deputy, Historic Preservation Office, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection

• Benjamin Harrison Home - Jennifer E. Capps, Curator, President Benjamin Harrison Home

• William McKinley Tomb - Christopher Kenney, Director of Education, William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum

• Woodrow Wilson House - Frank J. Aucella, Executive Director and Todd A. Smith, photographer for the National Trust for Historic Preservation

• Warren G. Harding Home - Tim Barbour, Publications Editor, Ohio Historical Society and Kim Schuette, Communications and Media Relations Manager, Ohio Historical Society

• Calvin Coolidge Homestead District - John P. Dumville, Historic Sites Operation Chief, and William Jenney, Regional Historic Site Administrator, Vermont Division of Historic Preservation

• Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs Historic District - Kim Cushman, Site Manager; W. Ray Luce/Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer/ Director and Helen Talley-McRae, Public Information Coordinator, Historic Preservation Division/Georgia Department of Natural Resources

• Harry S Truman Little White House - Bob Wolz, Director, Truman Little White House; Frederick Gaske, Florida State Historic Preservation Officer/Division Director and Barbara E. Mattick, Chief, Bureau of Historic Preservation/ Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer
for Survey & Registration, Division of Historical Resources, Florida Department of State

• Nixon Birthplace - Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum: Timothy Naftali, Director; Paul Musgrove, Special Assistant to the Director; and Olivia Anastasidis

• Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home - Connie G. Lange, Executive Director

• George W. Bush Childhood Home - Paul St. Hilaire, Executive Director and Bonnie Burlbaw, Audiovisual Archives Specialist, George Bush Presidential Library and Museum

• Bill Clinton Birthplace - Martha Berryman, Anthropologist, Museum Executive Director, President Bill Clinton's 1st Home Museum, Clinton Birthplace Foundation, Inc.

• U.S. Car No. 1 - Rick Olsen, Director, Gold Coast Museum; Frederick Gaske, Florida State Historic Preservation Officer/Division Director and Barbara E. Mattick, Ph.D., Chief, Bureau of Historic Preservation/ Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer for Survey & Registration, Division of Historical Resources, Florida Department of State;Lindsay Hafford, Historical Data Analyst of the Florida Bureau of Historic Preservation; and Monica Munoz, Historic Tours of America, Inc, Marketing Department

Photo Captions for Homepage: north portico of the White House, courtesy of the White House Historical Association; the Washington Monument with flowering cherry trees, the Lincoln Memorial, and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial courtesy of Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service; family dining room at James Buchanan's Wheatland courtesy of the James Buchanan Foundation, Lancaster, Pennsylvania; the James K. Polk center table courtesy of James K. Polk Memorial Association, Columbia, Tennessee; Warren G. Harding's bedroom courtesy of Harding Home, Ohio Historical Society; Mount Rushmore National Memorial courtesy of Amy Bracewell for the National Park Service; Park Ranger leading a tour of the Lincoln Home National Historic Site courtesy of the National Park Service; Harry S. Truman National Historic Site visitor center courtesy of the National Park Service;Herbert Hoover's birthplace cottage courtesy of the National Park Service; General Grant National Memorial courtesy of the National Park Service; Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial courtesy of Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service; Benjamin Harrison House courtesy of the Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site; south portico of the White House courtesy of The White House Historical Association

Photo Captions for Banners:
All of the portraits are from the White House Collection of the White House Historical Association except for the photographs of President George W. Bush, from the White House, and the photographs of Mary Todd Lincoln and Frances Folsom Cleveland, from the Library of Congress. In addition, several historic photographs are from various collections of the Library of Congress.

• Memorial House at the George Washington Birthplace National Monument - National Park Service

• Aerial view of Mount Vernon - courtesy of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association

• George Washington Memorial Parkway - Visitors at overlook of Great Falls Park, by Dan Sealy for the National Park Service

• The Washington Monument and Grounds- by Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service

• Adams National Historical Park:The Old House- the National Park Service

• Thomas Jefferson Memorial-photographed by Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service

• Monticello- courtesy of the Thomas Jefferson Foundation/Monticello

• Poplar Forest- courtesy of Les Schofer for The Corporation for Jefferson's Poplar Forest

• Montpelier in autumn- courtesy of the Montpelier Foundation

• Oak Hill- courtesy of Virginia Department of Historic Resources

• Memorial Garden at the James Monroe Museum - courtesy of the James Monroe Museum & Memorial Library, a historic property of the University of Mary Washington

• The Hermitage - courtesy of The Hermitage

• Restored Lindenwald Mansion - courtesy of the National Park Service

• The William Henry Harrison Mansion, courtesy of the Grouseland Foundation

• John Tyler House- courtesy of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources

• James K. Polk Home exterior- courtesy of the James K. Polk Memorial Association Columbia, Tennessee

• Zachary Taylor’s Springfield- Becky Proctor Gorman, Kentucky Heritage Council

• Millard Fillmore House- courtesy of the Town of Aurora

• Franklin Pierce Homestead- Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service

• James Buchanan’s Wheatland- courtesy of James Buchanan Foundation, Lancaster Pennsylvania

• Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building- courtesy of the National Park Service

• Detail of commemorative wall panel, Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial Visitor Center- by Bill Fink, Midwest Regional Office of the National Park Service

• Ranger leading visitors into Lincoln's Home- by Christopher Light of the National Park Service

• President Lincoln's Cottage- courtesy of President Lincoln's Cottage, A National Trust Historic Site

• Ford's Theatre: The President’s box in Ford’s Theatre- National Park Service; Ford’s Theatre- by Greg Hindsley for the National Park Service

•  Aerial view of Lincoln Memorial- by Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service

• Andrew Johnson Homestead- courtesy of the National Park Service

•  Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site: White Haven in the fall- courtesy of the National Park Service

• General Grant National Memorial: DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT ON APRIL 27, 1897- Historic American Buildings Survey, photocopy, Courtesy of Museum of the City of New York, Photographer: James Bindon

• Spiegel Grove- courtesy of Gilbert Gonzalez for the Hayes Presidential Center

• James A. Garfield National Historic Site: James Garfield’s Lawnfield- Public Domain

• Chester A. Arthur House: The death of President Garfield--Judge Brady administering the Presidential oath to Vice-President Arthur, at his residence in New York, September 20th, Illus. in: Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper, v. 53, 1881 Oct. 8, p. 81, Library of Congress; The Residence of Chester A. Arthur, 2007, Public Domain 

• Grover Cleveland’s Birthplace- courtesy of Terry Karschner of the Historic Preservation Office, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection

• President Cleveland’s Westland- courtesy of Terry Karschner of the Historic Preservation Office, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection

• Fourth of July celebration at Benjamin Harrison Home 2006- courtesy of the Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site

• McKinley National Memorial- courtesy of William McKinley Presidential Library & Museum

• Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site- courtesy of National Park Service; Theodore Roosevelt at age 11- Public Domain;

• Peaceful Valley Ranch in winter- courtesy of the National Park Service

• Sagamore Hill National Historic Site- courtesy of National Park Service

• Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural Site in winter- by John Lincoln Hallowell, National Park Service

• Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Island- courtesy of the National Park Service

• William Howard Taft NHS- courtesy of the National Park Service

• Woodrow Wilson House- courtesy of James Warnes for the National Park Service

• Harding Home- courtesy of the Ohio Historical Society

• Calvin Coolidge Homestead- courtesy of Elsa Gilbertson, photographer for Vermont Division for Historic Preservation, President Calvin Coolidge State Historic Site

• Herbert Hoover’s Birthplace Cottage in autumn- courtesy of the National Park Service

• President Herbert and Lou Henry Hoover's Rapidan Camp: Prime Minister Cabin- courtesy of the National Park Service

• Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site- by Bill Urbin for the National Park Service

• FDR's Campobello summer home- courtesy of Roosevelt Campobello International Park Commission

• Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs- Georgia State Parks and Historic Sites, Warm Springs Historic District

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial- photographed by Carol A. Highsmith for the National Park Service

• Front view of the Truman Home, courtesy of the National Park Service

•  Harry S Truman Little White House- courtesy of the Harry S Truman Little White House

• Eisenhower Farm- courtesy of Steven Spring for the National Park Service

• John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site- courtesy of the National Park Service

• Texas White House at the Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park- National Park Service

• Lyndon B. Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac- courtesy of National Park Service

•  Richard Nixon Birthplace- courtesy of Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, photographed by Steve Greene

•  Gerald R. Ford House- courtesy of National Park Service

•  The Boyhood Home of Jimmy Carter, courtesy of the National Park Service

• Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home- courtesy of Ronald Reagan Home Preservation Foundation; and Ronald Reagan in Dixon, Illinois c. 1920s, courtesy of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library

•  George W. Bush Childhood Home ceremony- courtesy of The George W. Bush Childhood Home

• President Bill Clinton’s 1st Home Museum- courtesy of Clinton Birthplace Foundation, Inc.

•  South Side of the White House- Public Domain

•  Independence National Historical Park- courtesy of Independence National Historical Park, from left to right: George Washington Statue, Independence Hall north façade, Second Bank of the United States

•  Federal Hall- From left to right: courtesy of Federal Hall National Memorial, George Washington Statue; courtesy of Federal Hall National Memorial, Federal Hall exterior horizontal; historic images from National Park Service files, original Federal Hall

•  Mount Rushmore- courtesy of National Park Service

• First Ladies National Historic Site: Portraits from the White House Historical Association, from left to right: Dolley Madison, Julia Tyler, Mary Todd Lincoln, Frances Cleveland, Lou Hoover, and Betty Ford; center, Saxton House, courtesy of  National First Ladies' Library;

• Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site: Stone Cottage at Val-Kill with pond in the foreground- courtesy of Bill Urbin for the National Park Service;

• U.S. Car No. 1 - Courtesy of Florida Division of Historical Resources

• The banner for the other pages use pictures of the White House north and south porticos courtesy of the White House Historical Association, and the Presidential Seal courtesy of Kenneth Lee, Associate Counsel to the President.

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