Figures

• Figure a
  • Antiquities Act author Edgar Lee Hewett in 1898 as the first President of New Mexico Normal University.
    (Photo courtesy of the Museum of New Mexico, Negative No. 7324.)
• Figure b
  • In 1900 Iowa Congressman Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver (left) introduced the first bill to protect antiquities on federal land, just a few months before he was appointed to a vacancy in the Senate. He and Iowa’s powerful senior Senator, William Boyd Allison (right), are shown preparing to go to the State Capitol in Des Moines where they were reelected to the Senate by the Iowa legislature.
    (Photo courtesy of the State Historical Society of Iowa, Negative No. 6953.)
• Figure c
  • Cora Whitford Hewett, whose tubercular condition required summer rest in New Mexico, serendipitously helped to focus her husband's attention on archaeology, especially the ruins of the Pajarito Plateau.
    (Photo by Luft's Chicago Photo Car., courtesy of the museum of New Mexico, Negative No. 7,392.)
• Figure d
  • Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Secretary of the Interior from 1898 to 1907, strongly supported the efforts to pass antiquities legislation.
    (Photo of the official portrait of Secretary Hitchcock by William Merritt Chase, courtesy of the U.S. Department of the Interior Museum.)
• Figure e
  • Frederic Ward Putnam (right), Curator of the Peabody Museum at Harvard University from 1874 to 1909 (and Honorary Director thereafter until his death in 1975), provided valuable leadership to both the scientific and anthropological communities of the nation. He served on every committee to promote antiquities legislation from 1900 through 1906, For many years he offered the only doctoral training in archaeology in the country. He is shown here consulting with one of his earliest students, George Byron Gordon (left) a Maya specialist who later became directory of the University Museum in Philadelphia.
    (Photo courtesy of the Peabody, Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Negative No. N28714. Copyright: President and Fellows of Harvard College, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, 2000.)
• Figure f
  • Binger Hermann, Commissioner or the General Land Office from 1897 to 1903, protected many archaeological sites by temporary withdrawal of federal land.
    (Photo by Peter Britt, courtesy of the Oregon Historical Society, Negative No. CN020673.)
• Figure g
  • William Afton Richards, Commissioner of the General Land Office from 1903 to 1907, initiated the final campaign to obtain antiquities legislation in 1904 when he asked Edgar Lee Hewett to prepare a report on the ruins in the Southwest.
    (Photo courtesy of the Wyoming State Archives, Negative No. 5568.)
• Figure h
  • William Henry Holmes, Chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology from 1902 to 1909, provided the support that enabled Edgar Lee Hewett to spearhead the drive to pass antiquities legislation.
    (Photo by De Lancey Gill, 14 February 1925, courtesy of the National Anthropological Archives, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Portraits Negative No. 45–a–1.)
• Figure i
  • University of Michigan classicist Francis Willey Kelsey (left) Secretary of the Archaeological Institute of America and after 1907 its President, played an important coordinating role in the lengthy campaign to pass antiquities legislation. He is shown here on the balcony of a hotel in Pompeii, Italy, in 1892 with an artist (Lugue, right) who painted recreations of ancient Pompeiian interiors. Kelsey was visiting August Mau, whose Pompeji in Kunst und Leben he translated into English (Mau 1899).
    (Photo courtesy of the Archives of the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan, Negative No. K 128.)
• Figure j
  • Iowa Congressman John Fletcher Lacey, one of the “towering figures” in the nation’s conservation movement, introduced Hewett’s antiquities bill in the House of Representatives and secured its passage in early June 1906.
    (Photo courtesy of the State Historical Society of Iowa, Negative No. 291.)
• Figure k
  • Alexander Mitchell Carroll, Associate Secretary of the Archaeological Institute of America and after 1908 its Secretary was able to monitor the progress of the various antiquities bills because of his presence in the nation’s capital as Professor of Classics at George Washington University.
    (Photo courtesy of the University Archives of the George Washington University.)
• Figure l
  • Colorado Senator Thomas MacDonald Patterson sponsored the Senate version of both Congressman Lacey’s Antiquities bill and Congressman Hogg’s Mesa Verde National Park bill.
    (Photo courtesy of the Colorado Historical Society, Negative No. F–8392, S0025 443.tif.)

1. Index
2. Foreword to the 2005 Electronic Version
   Francis P. McManamon
3. I. Hewett's Role
   1. figure a
4. II. The Beginnings of Pajarito Park
   2. figure b
5. III. Hewett and Pajarito Park
   3. figure c
6. IV. The Antiquities Bill Alliance
   4. figure d
   5. figure e
7. V. Hewett and the General Land Office
   6. figure f
   7. figure g
8. VI. Hewett and the Bureau of American Ethnology
   8. figure h
9. VII. Hewitt and the Committees
   9. figure i
10. VIII. The Influence of Lacey
    10. figure j
11. IX. Land Management Problems
12. X. The Ithaca Meeting
    11. figure k
    12. figure l
13. XI. Hewett and Mesa Verde National Park
14. XII. An Act for the Preservation of American Antiquities
15. XIII. The Policy Implications
16. References
17. Figures