Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C.
1862
March 11 - Thomas J. Jackson evacuates Winchester.
March 12 - Nathaniel P. Banks occupies Winchester.
March 18 - Skirmish at Middletown.
March 23 - First Battle of Kernstown
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Forces Engaged: 12,300 total (US 8,500; CS 3,800)
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Estimated Casualties: 1,308 total (US 590; CS 718)
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Result: Union Victory
April 30 - Richard S. Ewell's division crosses the Blue Ridge at Swift Run Gap into the Shenandoah Valley.
May 3 - Jackson's army departs the Valley via Brown's Gap.
May 4 - Jackson returns his army to the Valley by rail, from Mechum's River Station via Rockfish Gap to Staunton.
May 8 - Battle of McDowell
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Forces Engaged: 12,500 total (US 6,500; CS 3,000)
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Result: Confederate Victory
May 23 - Battle of Front Royal
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Forces Engaged: 4,063 total (US 1,063; CS 3,000)
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Estimated Casualties: 960 total (US 904; CS 56)
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Result: Confederate Victory
May 25 - First Battle of Winchester
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Forces Engaged: 22,500 total (US 6,500; CS 16,000)
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Estimated Casualties: 2,419 total (US 2,019; CS 400)
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Result: Confederate Victory
May 29-30 - Jackson demonstrates against Harper's Ferry.
May 31 - Jackson's army marches through Winchester.
June 6 - Skirmish near Harrisonburg, Brig. Gen. Turner Ashby killed in action.
June 8 - Battle of Cross Keys
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Forces Engaged: 17,300 total (US 11,500; CS 5,800)
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Estimated Casualties: 951 total (US 664; CS 287)
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Result: Confederate Victory
June 9 - Battle of Port Republic
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Forces Engaged: 9,500 total (US 3,500; CS 6,000)
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Estimated Casualties: 1,818 total (US 1,002; CS 816)
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Result: Confederate Victory
June 17 - Jackson leaves the Valley for Richmond, Virginia.
September 11 - Jackson with three divisions crosses the Potomac back into Virginia from Williamsport, Maryland. Brig. Gen. Julius White's Union garrison at Martinsburg retreats to Harper's Ferry.
September 12-15 - Siege of Harper's Ferry
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Forces Engaged: 36,900 total (US 14,000; CS 22,900)
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Estimated Casualties: 12,922 total (US 12,636; CS 286)
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Result: Confederate Victory, Union surrender
September 19-20 - Battle of Sheperdstown
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Forces Engaged: (US 2,000)
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Estimated Casualties: 654 total (US 363; CS 291)
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Result: Confederate Victory
1863
January 1 - President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. General Robert Milroy occupies Winchester.
June 13-15 - Second Battle of Winchester
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Forces Engaged: 19,500 total (US 7,000; CS 12,500)
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Estimated Casualties: 4,709 total (US 4,443; CS 266)
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Result: Confederate Victory
June 15 - Ewell's Second Corps crosses the Potomac River northward at Williamsport, MD and Shepherdstown, WV.
June 24 - Hill's Third Corps crosses the Potomac River at Boteler's Ford (Shepherdstown, WV).
June 25 -Longstreet's First Corps crosses the Potomac River at Williamsport, MD.
July 14 - Army of Northern Virginia enters Martinsburg, WV.
1864
April 30 - Union army under Franz Sigel advances south from Martinsburg, WV.
May 1 - Sigel occupies Winchester.
May 11 - Sigel's army encamps at Cedar Creek just south of Middletown.
May 15 - Battle of New Market
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Forces Engaged: 10,365 total (US 6,275; CS 4,090)
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Estimated Casualties: 1,380 total (US 840; CS 540)
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Result: Confederate Victory
May 16 - Sigel returns to Cedar Creek
May 19 - Sigel is relieved of command and posted to Harper's Ferry.
May 21 - David Hunter takes command of Union army at Cedar Creek.
May 26 - Hunter advances southward.
June 2 - Hunter's army reaches Harrisonburg, VA.
June 5-6 - Battle of Piedmont
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Forces Engaged: 14,000 total (US 8,500; CS 5,500)
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Estimated Casualties: 2,375 total (US 875; CS 1500)
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Union Victory
June 6 - Hunter enters Staunton, VA.
June 11 - Hunter sacks Lexington, VA, including burning Virginia Military Institute.
June 13 - Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early's Second Corps is ordered to the Shenandoah Valley.
June 17 - Early's Second Corps begins arriving in Lynchburg, VA.
June 17-18 - Battle of Lynchburg
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Result: Confederate Victory
July 2 - Early's Army of the Valley reaches Winchester, VA.
July 9 - Battle of Monocacy
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Result: Confederate Victory
July 22 - Union troops reoccupy Winchester.
July 24 - Second Battle of Kernstown
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Forces Engaged: 23,000 total (US 10,000; CS 13,000)
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Estimated Casualties: 1,800 total (US 1,200; CS 600)
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Result: Confederate Victory (last in the Valley)
July 30 - Confederate cavalry under John McCausland burns Chambersburg, PA.
July 14 - Early crosses the Potomac back into the Valley at White's Ferry, VA.
August 7 - Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan arrives in Harper's Ferry, WV, assuming command of the Middle Military Division and the Army of the Shenandoah.
August 15 - Early's army is reenforced by Kershaw's infantry and Fitzhugh Lee's calvary divisions.
September 16 - Gen. Ulysses S. Grant meets with Sheridan at his Charles Town, WV, headquarters. Kerhsaw's Division begins returning to Lee's army.
September 19 - Third Battle of Winchester/Battle of Opequon
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Forces Engaged: 54,440 total (US 39,240; CS 15,200)
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Estimated Casualties: 8,630 total (US 5,018; CS 3,612)
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Result: Union Victory.
September 22 - Battle of Fishers Hill
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Forces Engaged: 38,944 total (US 29,444; CS 9,500)
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Estimated Casualites: 1,763 total (US 528; CS 1,235)
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Result: Union Victory
September 23 - Skirmish at Front Royal, Union cavalry execute six of Mosby's Rangers.
September 24- Kershaw's Division rejoins Early's army.
September 27 - The systematic destruction of the Valley begins under Sheridan's command. Known simply as "The Burning". Lee urges Early to defeat Sheridan in the Valley.
October 3 - Lt. John R. Meigs is killed by Confederate scouts near Dayton. Sheridan orders the burning of Dayton, VA and surrounding homes in retaliation.
October 4 - Sheridan rescinds the order to burn Dayton.
October 9 - Battle of Tom's Brook/Woodstock Races
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Forces Engaged: 9,800 total (US 6,300; CS 3,500)
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Estimated Casualties: 407 total (US 57; CS 350)
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Result: Union Victory
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"The Burning" is completed after 13 days.
October 10 - Sheridan's army encamps along Cedar Creek.
October 13 -
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The Sixth Corps marches to Ashby's Gap en route to Alexandria but is recalled by Sheridan.
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Skirmish at Hupp's Hill
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Forces Engaged: 8,400 total (US 1,900; CS 6,500)
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Estimated Casualties: 370 total (US 220; CS 150)
October 14 - The Sixth Corps returns to right of Union line along Cedar Creek.
October 15 -
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Sheridan leaves for Washington, D.C. to attend a war strategy meeting.
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The Eighth and Nineteenth Corps begin entrenching.
October 16 -
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Early has decoy message wigwagged from Signal Knob in view of the Union army.
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Sheridan receives word of the decoded message in Front Royal and wires the new to Halleck.
October 17 -
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Gen. John B. Gordon, Gen. Clement A. Evans, Maj. Robert W. Hunter, and Maj. Jedidiah Hotchkiss climb Massanutten Mountain and observes Sheridan's army from Signal Knob.
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Rosser attacks Custer's pickets.
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Sheridan arrives in Washington at 8 a.m., meets with Stanton and Halleck, and takes a noon train to Martinsburg, WV.
October 18 -
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At a headquarters conference, Early accepts attack plan proposed by Gordon and Hotchkiss.
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Gen. Gordon, Gen. Stephen D Ramseur, and Maj. Hotchkiss reconnoiter trail around Massanutten Mountain. Pioneers from Rodes' [Ramseur's] Division improve trail.
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Sheridan rides from Martinsburg to Winchester.
October 19 - The Battle of Cedar Creek
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Forces Engaged: 46,091 (US 32,000; CS 14,091)
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Estimated Casualties: 8,575 total (US 5,665; CS 2,910)
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Result: Union Victory