Endnotes (30-51) - Garth, 1948 Archeological Report

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30-39

30. Elkanah Walker wrote in his diary (State College of Washington Collection) on August 14, 1841, "The Dr. has been as full of Geology as if he had eaten some half dozen quarto volumes on this subject."

31. The only complete vessel found was a white china chamber.

32. This was found near the medicine bottle and may also have been carried under the floor by the Osborns, so escaping covetous Indian eyes.

33. The bristle part, which is missing, may have had a sheet-silver backing, as on one side of the handle is the word "silverware," and on the other is the name of the maker, "John Gosnell-London."

34. The only child of this age living in the Mission House before the massacre was Alexander Osborn, age two.

35. These are quite dissimilar from modern preserving jars, as the mouths are only 1 1/2 inches in diameter with a straight neck something like a bottle. They were sealed with a cork, which was wired on.

36. Matilda J. Sager Delaney, A Survivor's Recollections of the Whitman Massacre (Spokane, 1920), 18.

37. No door knobs or box-type door locks were found. This may indicate that most of the doors were secured by wooden latches and opened from the outside with a latchstring. It is known that some of the doors had wooden latches of the sort. Most of the six locks mentioned in the inventory were probably padlocks.

38. Farnham, who visited the mission in 1839, wrote as follows: "And last to the grist-mill on the other side of the river. It consisted of a spherical wrought iron burr four or five inches in diameter, surrounded by counterburred surface of the same material. The spherical [circular?] burr was permanently attached to the shaft of a horizontal water-wheel. The surrounding burred surface was firmly fastened to timbers, in such a position that when the water-wheel was put in motion, the operation of the mill was similar to that of a coffee-mill." Farnham, op. cit., 337-38.

39. H. H. Bancroft, History of Oregon (San Francisco, 1886), 1, 716.

 

40-49

40. Some of the Indians moved in on the mission grounds and dug pits for their winter houses adjacent to the adobe walls of the Mission House (on the windward side) badly weakening the walls.

41. Coyotes and wolves plagued the mission, killing stock.

42. Berry to Lane, March 1, 1852. MS, Oregon Historical Society.

43. The mission printing press, which was used to print textbooks for the Indians in the Nez Perce language, is now at the Oregon Historical Society Museum in Portland.

44. Sworn statements by various Oregon Volunteers in 1889 to substantiate their claim for a pension for fighting in the Cayuse war of 1848. 51st Congress, 1st Session, Executive Document No. 6, 1-18.

45. Goodyear patented his process for hardening rubber in 1825.

46. J. Longmire, "Narrative of James Longmire," in Told by the Pioneers, I (1937-38), 129-30.

47. Spalding inventory. Richardson, op. cit., 149.

48. Frances F. Victor, Early Indian Wars of Oregon, Compiled from the Oregon Archives and Other Original Sources: With Muster Rolls (Salem, Oregon, 1894), 223.

49. Window glass from the Mission House burned in 1848 was not nearly so fire warped. This was probably because the windows were broken by the Indians, the glass failing to the floor or ground outside and so escaping the full effect of the fire. Some of this glass still had putty clinging to it.

 

50-51

50. Later it was contemplated locating a sub-Indian agent at the Fort, where he would have military protection. Oregon Spectator, August 8, 1850, p. 2.

51. Victor, op. cit., 216.

 

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