In
1908, President Theodore Roosevelt issued an executive order establishing
Tumacácori National Monument. Stabilization of the church
ruins began in 1919 with donated funds, making every effort to maintain
their historic integrity. Tumacácori's enclosed wall, visitor
center, exhibits, and garden were added in
the 1930s. As the science of preserving
old buildings matured, further stabilization was performed in the 1980s.
Congress expanded the original
national monnument into a national historical park encompassing Guevavi
and Calabazas in 1990. After more than
200 years, three early Spanish colonial missions had been reunited under
the protection of the National Park Service.
Hardship
and Misfortune
That these missions were
built, let alone maintained, under trying circumstances for nearly 140
years is a testimony of the courage and tenacity of the valiant individuals
who lived and died here: the priest who left his home and familiar surroundings
and dedicated his entire life to teaching what he perceived as a better
way of life to the inhabitants of the frontier; the Pima
or Yaqui family who came to the missions in search of a better life, often
to be killed by Apaches or stand helplessly by as their little ones were
dying from strange and unfamiliar diseases; the Spanish or Mexican soldier,
living at the presidio
at Tubac, who laid his life on the line in defense of the missions;
and lastly, the Apache, reacting in the only
way he knew to a constant pressure from the Comanches, who were under pressure
from white settlements encroaching from the east.
Touring the Park