Greater periwinkle (Vinca major) is a vine that is native to Europe and North Africa. It is common in and near developed areas throughout North America. There are only a few small populations in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. They are a source of concern, however, because in moist areas periwinkle creates a dense carpet that excludes virtually all other plant species.

Photo by Brother Alfred Brousseau, St. Mary's College

The showy greater periwinkle flowers are sterile in California.

Identification

Greater periwinkle is a low sprawling vine with large, violet morning-glory-like flowers. The leaves are about 7 centimeters (2.8 inches) long, and rather waxy. Greater periwinkle exudes a milky latex when cut open. The flowers are large (3-5 centimeters, or 1.2-2 inches) long and funnel-shaped.

Look-Alikes

Greater periwinkle is not easily confused with any other plant species in the parks. It has the general appearance of a low sprawling vine, rather like English ivy but with much smaller leaves.

Natural History

Greater periwinkle does not reproduce from seed in California. It spreads by vegetative means. The vine-like stems can root at the nodes and completely dominate moist areas.

Management

Greater periwinkle is most commonly found in shady sites and riparian corridors near Ash Mountain headquarters and housing area. In 2002, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks resource management personnel began manual removal of this species from riparian areas. These efforts include complete removal of roots and stems. In developed areas, mechanical removal with a brush cutter or weed whip may be possible. The ultimate goal is eradication of this species from the parks.

Note: please visit our What is being done? page to see photographs of greater periwinkle eradication.