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Lyme disease is an illness caused by bacteria transmitted to people by tick bites. Not all ticks carry the disease. Field studies in Marin County show that 1–2% of the western black-legged ticks carry Lyme disease. Since there are several other species of ticks in Marin, the odds of a tick bite producing Lyme disease is less than 1 in 100. Even so, Lyme disease can be severe; it is important to understand the prevention and symptoms.

Symptoms:
arthritis and joint pain
lethargy
heart problems
pain/limping
fever
kidney problems
depression
bulls-eye rash (50% of victims)

Tick species in California include:
Western black-legged tick and Pacific coast tick (West Coast)
Lone star tick and American dog tick (throughout U.S.)

How to avoid tick bites:

• Wear light-colored, long-sleeved clothes so you can more easily see the ticks.
• Tuck shirt into pants and pants into socks to keep ticks away from your skin.
• Stay on trails.
• Apply an insect repellent, labeled for ticks, to shoes, socks, and pants.
• Check yourself completely after a hike. Closely check any skin irritation. Ticks anesthetize the skin before biting so youÕll seldom feel the original bite.

What to do if bitten:

• Use tweezers to grasp tick at point of attachment, as close to skin as possible. Gently pull tick straight out.
• Save tick, notify your doctor.
• Don't panic — ticks need to be embedded for 24 – 48 hours to transmit bacteria. The ticks that transmit Lyme disease are usually in a developmental phase in which they are smaller than the head of a pin.

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References:
Ticks and Lyme Disease in the National Parks
Lyme Disease Foundation www.lyme.org

Stinging nettle is native to Europe, but grows at Point Reyes National Seashore. It can cause a painful rash that stings for up to twelve hours after brushing up against the plant. A topical analgesic (used to treat poison ivy or bug bites) can be applied to help alleviate the sting. Study the picture and have someone point out the plant in the Seashore to aid in its identification.

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Stinging nettle usually causes an itchy rash if you are sensitive to it. You can get a rash by touching the plant, its leaves or roots. You can also contract poison oak by petting your dog (if the oils are on its coat) or by touching clothing that has touched poison oak. Rashes may occur several days after the initial contact with the plant. Severe rashes may affect the lungs. If you have difficulty breathing, call 9-1-1 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. Preventive topical ointments are available to help avoid reactions to poison oak. Learn to recognize the compound leaves with a shiny appearance.

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