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A
ADAPTION, ANIMAL, MOTHER NATURE
"No matter what the circumstances of their lives may be, she never allows them to go dirty or ragged. The mole, living always in the dark and in the dirt, is yet as clean as the otter or the wave washed seal." STEEP TRAILS, pg.6
"Nature is a good mother, and sees well to the clothing of her many bairns-birds with smoothly imbricated feathers, beetles with shining jackets, and bears with shaggy furs. In the tropical south, where the sun warms like a fire, they are allowed to go thinly clad; but in the snowy northland she takes care to clothe warmly." STEEP TRAILS, pg.3
MUIR'S FIRST ENCOUNTER WITH ANIMALS, AGE 3
"On another memorable walk in a hayfield, when we sat down to rest on one of the haycocks I heard a sharp, prickly, stinging cry, and, jumping up eagerly, called grandfather's attention to it. He said it was only the wind, but I insisted on digging into the hay and turning it over until we discovered the source of the strange exciting sound- a mother field mouse with half a dozen naked young hanging to her teats. This to me was a wonderful discovery. No hunter could have been more excited on discovering a bear and her cubs in a wilderness den." MY BOYHOOD AND YOUTH, pg.4
AGE
"As age comes on, one source of enjoyment after another is closed, but Nature's sources never fail. Like a generous host, she offers her brimming cups in endless variety, served in a grand hall, the sky its ceiling, the mountains its walls, decorated with glorious paintings and enlivened with bands of music ever playing." OUR NATIONAL PARKS, pg.56
AGGRESSIVENESS
"...No punishment less than death could quench the ancient inherited belligerence burning in our pagan blood." MY BOYHOOD AND YOUTH, pg.29
AIR
"The Air was perfectly delicious, sweet enough for the breath of angels. Every draught of it gave a separate and distinct piece of pleasure. I do not believe that Adam and Eve tasted better in their balmiest nook." Letters to a Friend, pg.38
AGRICULTURE
"Wildness charms not my friend...and whatsoever may be the character of his heaven, his earth seems only a chaos of agricultural possibilities calling for grubbing-hoes and manures." STEEP TRAILS, p.4
"Moral improvers have calls to preach. I have a friend who has a call to plough, and woe to the daisy sod or azalea thicket that falls under the savage redemption of his keen steel shares." STEEP TRAILS, p.3
ALPENGLOW
"Next to the light of the dawn on high mountain tops, the alpenglow is the most impressive of all the terrestrial manifestations of God." OUR NP, pg. 74
ALPINE MEADOWS
"The finest of the glacier meadow gardens lie at an elevation of about nine thousand feet, imbedded in the upper pine forests like lakes of light." OUR NP, pg. 163
ANIMALS
"Most wild animals get into the world and out of it without being noticed. Nevertheless we at last sadly learn that they are all subject to the vicissitudes of fortune like ourselves." My Boyhood and Youth, pg. 109
"Of the many advantages of farm life for boys one of the greatest is the gaining a real knowledge of animals as fellow-mortals, learning to respect them and love them, and even to win some of their love. Thus godlike sympathy grows and thrives and spreads far beyond the teachings of churches and schools, where too often the mean, blinding, loveless doctrine is taught that animals have neither mind nor soul, have no rights that we are bound to respect, and were made only for man, to be petted, spoiled, slaughtered or enslaved." My Boyhood and Youth, pg. 89
ANIMALS AND FUN
"And surely all God's people, however serious and savage, great or small like to play. Whales and elephants, dancing, humming gnats, and invisibly small mischievous microbes,-all are warm with divine radium and must have lots of fun in them." My Boyhood and Youth, pgs. 149-50
ANTHROMORPHISM
"The whole wilderness seems to be alive and familiar, full of humanity. The very stones seem talkative, sympathetic, brotherly. No wonder when we consider that we all have the same Father and Mother." ?????
"I only went out for a walk and finally concluded to stay out till sundown, for going out, I found, was really going in." ?????? WW p. 311
"Wonderful how completely everything in wild nature fits into us, as if truly part and parent of us. The sun shines not on us but in us. The rivers flow not past, but through us, thrilling, tingling, vibrating every fiber and cell of the substance of our bodies, making them glide and sing. The trees wave and the flowers bloom in our bodies as well as our souls, and every bird song, wind song, and tremendous storm song of the rocks in the heart of the mountains is our song, our very own, and sings our love." ??????
ANTHROMORPHISM, nature as gardener
"...Nature fed them (trees) and dressed them every day,--working like a man, a loving, devoted, painstaking gardener; fingering every leaf and flower and mossy furrowed bole; bending, trimming, modeling, balancing; painting them with the loveliest colors; bringing over them now clouds with cooling shadows and showers, now sunshine; fanning them with gentle winds and rustling their leaves; exercising them in every fiber with storms, and pruning them; loading them with flowers and fruit, loading them with snow, and ever making them more beautiful as the years rolled by." OUR NP p.358
"Nature, like an enthusiastic gardener, could not resist the temptation to plant lowers everywhere." OUR NP p. 155
"...grand throb of Nature's heart, ripening late flowers and seeds for next summer, full of life and the thoughts and plans of life to come, and full of ripe and ready death beautiful as life, telling divine wisdom and goodness and immortality." ?????
ANTHROMORPHISM, favorite lily
"C. albus...a spotless soul, plant saint, that every one must love and so be made better. It puts the wildest mountaineer on his good behaviour. With this plant the whole world would seem rich though none other existed." OUR NP p.171
ANTHROMORPHISM, plants
"Some plants readily take on the forms and habits of society, but generally speaking soon return to primitive simplicity and too like a weed of cultivation feel a constant tendency to return to primitive wildness." JOHN OF THE MOUNTAINS by Linnie Marsh Wolfe p. 90
ANTHROMORPHISM, Snow plant--Muir's least favorite plant
"...It is singularly unsympathetic and cold. Everybody admires it...but nobody loves it. ...it stands beneath the pines and firs lonely, silent, and about as rigid as a graveyard monument." OUR NP p. 172
ANTHROMORPHISM, common fern (pteris aquilina)
"...They manage themselves in every exigency of weather as if they had passed through a long course of training. I have seen solemn old sugar pines thrown into momentary confusion by the sudden onset of a storm, tossing their arms excitedly as if scarce awake, and wondering what had happened, but I never noticed surprise or embarrassment in the behaviour of this noble pteris." OUR NP p. 165
ANTS
"Ants...whose timy sparks of life only burn the brighter with the heat..." MY FIRST SUMMER p. 8
ARCTIC DAISY
"...The lovely arctic daisy with many blessed companions; charming plants, gentle mountaineers, Nature's darlings, which seem always the finer the higher and stormier their homes." OUR NP p.163
ASPEN
"At a height of about ninety-five hundred feet we passed through a magnificent grove of aspens, about a hundred acres in extent, through which the mellow sunshine sifted in ravishing splendor, showing every leaf to be as beautiful in color as the wing of a butterfly, and making them tell gloriously against the evergreens. These extensive groves of aspen are a marked feature of the Nevada woods." STEEP TRAILS p. 178-9
AUTOMOBILES
"Doubtless, under certain precautionary restrictions, these useful, progressive, blunt-nosed mechanical beetles will hereafter be allowed to puff their way into all the parks and mingle their gas-breath with the breath of pines and waterfalls, and, from the mountaineers standpoint, with but little harm or good." THE YOSEMITE, pg.xi
AUTUMN LIGHT
"...Everything alike drenched in gold light, heaven's colors coming down to the meadows and groves, making every leaf a romance, air, earth, and water in peace beyond thought, the great brooding days opening and closing in devine salms of color." ??
AVALANCHE
"When the snow first gives way on the upper slopes of their basins a dull muffled rush and rumble is heard, which increasing with heavy deliberation, seems to draw rapidly near with appalling intensity of tone. Presently the white flood comes in sight bounding out over bosses and sheer places, leaping from bench to bench, spreading and narrowing and throwing off clouds of whirling diamond dust like a majestic foamy cataract." THE YOSEMITE, pg.47
AVALANCHES, MUIR CAUGHT IN
"This flight in a Milky Way of snow flowers was the most spiritual of all my travels; and, after many years, the mere thought of it is still an exhilaration." OUR NP, pg. 255
AVALANCHES, COMPARED TO WATERFALLS
"Compared with cascades and falls, avalanches are short-lived, few of them lasting more than a minute or two, and the sharp clashing sounds so common in dashing water are usually wanting; but in their low massy thunder-tones and purple-tinged whiteness, and in their dress, gait, gestures, and general behavior, they are much alike." THE YOSEMITE, pg.47-8
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BEAR, NATURAL HABITS
"To him almost everything is food except granite." OUR NP, pg. 173
There are bears in the woods, but not in such numbers nor of such unspeakable ferocity as town-dwellers imagine, nor do bears spend their lives going about the country like the devil, seeking whom they may devour." STEEP TRAILS, pg.223
"Bears are peaceable people and mind their own business, instead of going about like the devil seeking whom they may devour." OUR NP, pg. 28
"After Uncle Sam's soldiers, bears are the most effective forest police but some of the shepherds are very successful in killing them." OUR NP, pg. 188
"The Sierra bear, brown or gray, the sequoia of the animals, tramps all over the park, though few travelers have the pleasure of seeing him." OUR NP, pg.172
"On many of the trees, at a height of six or eight feet, their autographs were inscribed in strong, free flowing strokes on the soft bark where they had stood up like cats to stretch their limbs." OUR NP, pg. 315
BEARS, MUIR'S FIRST MEETING
"In my first interview with a Sierra bear we were frightened and embarrassed, both of us, but the bear's behavior was better than mine." OUR NP, pg. 174
BEARS FOOD
"And as if fearing that anything eatable is all his dominions should escape being eaten, he breaks into cabins to look after sugar, dried apples, bacon, etc. Occasionally he eats the mountaineer's bed; OUR NP, pg.173
"What digestion! A sheep or a wounded deer or a pig he eats warm, about as quickly as a boy eats a buttered muffin: Or should the meat be a month old, it is still welcomed with tremendous relish." OUR NP, pg. 173
Bears, too, roam this foodful wilderness, feeding on grass, clover, berries, nuts, ant-eggs, fish, flesh, or fowl, with but little troublesome discrimination. Sugar and honey they seem to like best of all, and they seek far to find the sweets; but when hard pushed by hunger they make out to gnaw a living from the bark of trees and rotten logs, and might almost live on clean lava alone. STEEP TRAILS, pg.27
BEAR KINSHIP
Thoughts on Finding a Dead Yosemite Bear "Toiling in the treadmills of life we hide from the lessons of Nature. We gaze morbidly through civilized fog upon our beautiful world clad with seamless beauty, and see ferocious beasts and wastes and deserts. But savage deserts and beasts and storms are expressions of God's power inseparably companioned by love. Civilized man chokes his soul as the heathen Chinese their feet. We depreciate bears.
But grandly they blend with their native mountains. They roam the sandy slopes on lily meads, through polished glacier canyons, among the solemn Firs and brown Sequoia, Manzanita, and chaparral, living upon redberries and gooseberries, little caring for rain or snow. Magnificent bears of the Sierra are worthy of their magnificent homes. They are not companions of men, but children of God, and His charity is broad enough for bears.
There are no square edged inflexible lines in Nature. We seek to establish a narrow line between ourselves and the feathery zeros we dare to call angels, but ask a partition barrier of infinite width to show the rest of creation its proper place.
Bears are made of the same dust as we, and breathe the same winds and drink the same waters. A bear's days are warmed by the same sun, his dwellings are overdomed by the same blue sky, and his life turns and ebbs with heart-pulsings like ours, and was poured from the same First Fountain. And whether he at last goes to our stingy heaven or no, he has terrestrial immortality. His life not long, not short, knows no beginning, no ending. To him life unstinted, unplanned, is above the accidents of time, and his years, markless and boundless, equal Eternity. God bless Yosemite bears!" Wilderness World of John Muir, pg. 313
BEAUTY
"Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play and pray in, where Nature may heal and cheer and give strength to body and soul alike." The Yosemite, pg. 198
"New beauty meets us at every step in all our wanderings." ?, June 1890, p. 301
"I used to envy the father of our race, dwelling as he did in contact with the new(c)made fields and plants of Eden; but I do so no more, because I have discovered that I also live in 'creation's dawn.' The morning stars still sing together, and the world, not yet half made, becomes more beautiful every day." WW p. 311
BIGHORN SHEEP
"The largest of the canon animals one is likely to see is the wild sheep, or Rocky Mountain bighorn, a most admirable beast, with limbs that never fail, at home on the most nerve-trying precipices, acquainted with all the springs and passes and broken-down jumpable places in the sheer ribbon cliffs, bounding from crag to crag in easy grace and confidence of strength, his great horns held high above his shoulders, wild red blood beating and hissing through every fiber of him like the wind through a quivering mountain pine." STEEP TRAILS, pg. 268
BIRDS
Blue Jays
Just as we arrived at the shanty, before we had time to look at it or the scenery about it, David and I jumped down in a hurry off the load of household goods, for we had discovered a blue jays nest, and in a minute or so we were up the tree beside it, feasting our eyes on the beautiful green eggs and beautiful birds-our first memorable discovery. Story of My Boyhood and Youth, pg.35
Bob-whites
The loud clear call of the handsome bob-whites was one of the pleasantest and most characteristic of our spring sounds, and we soon learned to imitate it so well that a bold cock often accepted our challenge and came flying to fight. Story of My Boyhood and Youth, pg.85
Redwing Blackbirds
Redwing Blackbirds...enjoy an exhilarating feast and after all are full they rise simultaneously with a quick birr of wings like an old fashioned church congregation fluttering to their feet when the minister after giving out the hymn says, "Let the congregation arise and sing." Chapter: A Paradise of Birds p. 115
BISON
"I suppose we need not go mourning the buffaloes. In the nature of things they had to give place to better cattle, though the change might have been made without barbarous wickedness." OUR NP p. 362
BLINDNESS, HIS ACCIDENT
"The sunshine and the winds are working in all the gardens of God, but I am lost." A(c)15 ????? "I am thankful that this affliction has drawn me to the sweet fields rather than from them." A(c)24 ???
BLIZZARD, SIERRA
"...the trees, bending in the darkening blast, roar like feeding lions" ??????
BOOKS
"I have a low opinion of books: they are piles of stones set up to show coming travelers where other minds have been, or at best signal smokes to call attention....One day's exposure to mountains is better than cartloads of books." ??????
BOYS
"Boys are often at once cruel and merciful, thoughtlessly hard hearted and tender hearted, sympathetic, pitiful and kind in ever changing contrasts. Love of neighbors, human or animal grows up amid savage traits, coarse and fine." MY BOYHOOD p. 21
"Some fifty years later, when I visited Scotland, I got one of my Dunbar schoolmates from whom I obtained permission to go upstairs to visit our bedroom window and judge what sort of adventure getting on its roof must have been, and with all my after experience in mountaineering, I found that what I had done in daring boyhood was now beyond my skill." MY BOYHOOD p.20
"So far from complete at times is sympathy between parents and children, and so so (sic) much like wild beasts are baby boys, little fighting, biting, climbing pagans." MY BOYHOOD p.11
BUTTERNUT
Mammoth Cave "Only a butternut seems, by its angular knotty branches, to sympathize with and belong to the cave, with a fine growth of Cystopteris and Hypnum." THOUSAND MILE WALK p. 12
BREAD
Muir proffering advice on how prospectors should make bread in effect, how to create sourdough starter.
"If you must have your bread old fashioned and light bloated into a fluffy mass full of airholes then instead of a heavy case of powders take a quarter ounce of baker's compressed yeast to start with, and after each baking put a handful of the fermented dough into the flour sack, and with this store you may go on raising cerealiane billows as long as you like."
"Good bread, on which your climbing and digging depends, may be made direct from the flour(c)sack, with a little salt and water stirred in. After the dough is worked to the required firmness squeeze it into thin cakes about the size of ship biscuits, throw them on hot coals raked from the heart of your camp fire; turn them before they begin to burn, and when firm enough set them on edge to be toasted until thoroughly baked through." SAN FRANCISCO EXAMINER, Oct. 1, 1897
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CACTUS
"The most striking and characteristic part of this widely varied vegetation are the cactaceae -- strange, leafless, old-fashioned plants with beautiful flowers and fruit, in every way able and admirable." STEEP TRAILS, pg. 265
CALIFORNIA
"When California was wild, it was the floweriest part of the continent." OUR NP, pg.137
"Since coming to this Pacific land of flowers I have walked with Nature on the sheeted plains, along the broidered foothills of the great Sierra Nevada, and up in the higher piney, balsam-scented forests of the cool mountains. JOHN OF THE MOUNTAINS, pg. 2
"I thought of the palmy islands of the Pacific, of the plains of Mexico, and of the Andes of Peru, but the attractions of California were yet stronger than all others, and I decided to stay another year or two." J.O.M., pg. 2
CALIFORNIA FLORA
"The flora of California has fewer vines than that of any country I have seen, with the exception of a few leguminous plants in meadows." JOM, pg.58
"The happy beings who belong to the plant kingdom of Florida dwell together in gorgeous heaps and twistings and tangles, but California plants rise side by side with scarce a prickle or tendril of attachment, looking skyward and proper, like good people at church." JOM, pg.58
CAMPING
"You may be a little cold some nights, on mountain tops above the timber-line, but you will see the stars, and by and by you can sleep enough in your town bed, or at least in your grave." OUR NP, pg.59
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DARLINGTONIA
This is one of the few places in California where the charming linnaea is found, though it is common to the northward through Oregon and Washington. Here, too, you may find the curious but unlovable darlingtonia, a carnivorous plant that devours bumblebees, grasshoppers, ants, moths, and other insects, with insatiable appetite. In approaching it, its suspicious looking yellow spotted hood and watchful attitude will be likely to make you go cautiously through the bog where it stands, as if you were approaching a dangerous snake. STEEP TRAILS, pg.61
DAWN
"The rose light of the dawn, creeping higher among the stars changes to daffodil yellow; then come the yellow enthusiastic sunbeams pouring across the feathery ridges, touching pine after pine, spruce and fir, libocedrus and lordly sequoia, searching every recess, until all are awakened and warmed." OUR NP, pg.82
DEATH
"Like trees in autumn shedding their leaves, going to dust like beautiful days to night, proclaiming as with the tongues of angels the natural beauty of death." STEEP TRAILS, pg.271
"Death is a kind nurse saying, "Come, children, to bed and get up in the morning" a gracious mother calling her children home." JOHN OF THE MOUNTAINS, p.440
DEER
"Deer give beautiful animation to the forests, harmonizing finely in their color and movements with the gray and brown shafts of the trees as they stand in groups at rest..." STEEP TRAILS, pg.228
"Everywhere some species of deer seems to be at home, on rough or smooth ground, lowlands or highlands, in swamps and barrens and the densest woods, in varying climates, hot or cold, over allthe continent; maintaining glorious health, never making an awkward step. Standing, lying down, walking, feeding, running even for life, it is always invincibly graceful, and adds beauty and animation to every landscape, a charming animal, and a great credit to nature." OUR NP, pg.190
"I never see one of the common blacktail deer, the only species in the Park, without fresh admiration; and since I never carry a gun I see them well." OUR NP, pg.190
DESERTS
"Deserts are charming to those who know how to see them." STEEP TRAILS, pg.66
"...Nevada is beautiful in her wilderness, and if tillers of the soil can be brought to see that possibly Nature may have other uses for RICH soil then will these foodless deserts' have taught a fine lesson." STEEP TRAILS, pg.116
DEVELOPMENT
"The wedges of development are being driven hard, and none of the obstacles or defenses of nature can long withstand the onset of this immeasurable industry." STEEP TRAILS, pg.147
DICKSONIA
- polypod
- magnolias
- laurels
- azaleas
- asters
- Hypnum mosses
- Madotheaca (scale mosses)
DISASTERS, NATURAL
"The shocks and outbursts of earthquakes, volcanoes, geysers, storms, the pounding of waves, the uprush of sap in plants, each and all tell the orderly love beats of Nature's heart." OUR NP, pg.70
DISCIPLINE AND ORDER
"Not withstanding the great number of harshly enforced rules, not very good order was kept in school in my time." BOYHOOD AND YOUTH, pg.36
DUSK
"The evening flames with purple and gold...the mighty host of trees baptized in the purple flood stand hushed and thoughtful, awaiting the sun's blessing and farewell." OUR NP, pg.82
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EARTH
The is a whole, round and watery and bright; bravely spinning through space as a quiet steady star while so many fine shows are being made on its surface."
EARTHQUAKES
"It is always interesting to see people in dead earnest, from whatever cause, and earthquakes make everybody earnest." OUR NP, pg.264
"...Though I had never before enjoyed a storm of this sort, the strange, wild thrilling motion and rumbling could not be mistaken, and I ran out of my cabin, near Sentinel Rock, both glad and frightened, shouting, "A noble earthquake!" feeling sure I was going to learn something." OUR NP, pg.262
"...A low muffled underground rumbling and a slight rustling of the agitated trees, as if, in wrestling with the mountains, Nature were holding her breath." OUR NP, pg.262
ECOLOGY
"...Unfortunately, MAN is in the woods, and waste and pure destruction are making rapid headway. If the importance of forests were at all understood, even from an economic standpoint, their preservation would call forth the most watchful attention of government."
"In the planting of her wild gardens, Nature takes the feet and teeth of her flocks into account and makes use of them to trim and cultivate, and keep them in order, as the bark and buds of the tree are tended by woodpeckers and linnets." STEEP TRAILS, pg.94
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
"I had read his essays, and felt sure that of all men he would best interpret the sayings of these noble mountains and trees. Nor was my faith weakened when I met him in Yosemite." OUR NP, pg.131
"His party, full of indoor philosophy, failed to see the natural beauty and fullness of promise of my wild plan, and laughed at it in good-natured ignorance, as if it were necessarily amusing to imagine that Boston people might be led to accept Sierra manifestations of God at the price of rough camping." OUR NP, pg.132
"Early in the afternoon, when we reached Clark's Station, I was surprised to see the party dismount. And when I asked if we were not going up into the grove to camp they said: "No; it would never do to lie out in the night air. Mr. Emerson might take cold; and you know, Mr. Muir, that would be a dreadful thing." In vain I urged, that only in homes and hotels were colds caught, that nobody ever was known to take cold camping in these woods, that there was not a single cough or sneeze in all the Sierra." OUR NP, pg.133
ENERGY EXPENDED
"The wealth of Nevada has already given to the world is indeed wonderful, but the only grand marvel is the energy expended in its development." STEEP TRAILS, pg.143 more philosophic discussion pp202/3.
ENTHUSIASM
"It is a fine thing to see people in hot earnest about anything." STEEP TRAILS, pg.181
ERICACEAE (heathworts)
- Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern)
- Osmunda regalis (flowering fern)
- Schrankia (sensitive brier)
ESKIMOS
"I heard merry shouting, and looking round, saw a band of Eskimos -- men, women and children loose and hairy like wild animals -- running towards me. I could not guess at first what they were seeking, for they seldom leave the shore; but soon they told me, as they threw themselves down, sprawling and laughing, on the mellow bog, and began to feast on the berries." OUR NP, pg.9-10
ETERNAL
"Precious night, precious day to abide in me forever. Thanks be to God for this immortal gift."
"This grand show is eternal. It is always sunrise somewhere; the dew is never all dried at once; a shower is forever falling; vapor is ever rising. Eternal sunrise, eternal sunset, eternal dawn and gloaming, on sea and continents and islands, each in its turn, as the round earth rolls." Wilderness World, p.312
ETHNOCENTRISM
"I have never yet happened upon a trace of evidence that seemed to show that any one animal was eager for another as much as it was made for itself." STEEP TRAILS, pg.7
CAMPFIRE, EVENING
"Do you see the fire glow on my ice smoothed slab, and on my two ferns and the rubus and grass panicles? And do you hear how sweet a sleepsong the fall and cascades are singing?" STEEP TRAILS, pg.17
EXCURSIONS
"Every excursion I have made in all my rambling life has been fruitful and delightful from the smallest indefinite saunter an hour or two in length to the noblest summer's flight with steadyaim like a crusader bound for the Holy Land or a bird to its northern home following the flight of the seasons."
"In all excursions, when danger is realized, thought is quickened, common care buried, and pictures of wild immortal beauty are pressed into the memory, to dwell forever."
EXPLORERS
"Those early explorers and adventurers were mostly brave, enterprising, and, after their fashion, pious men. In their clumsy sailing vessels they dared to go where no chart or lighthouse showed the way...facing fate and weather...heaving the lead and thrashing the men to their duty and trusting toprovidence." STEEP TRAILS, pg.236
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