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John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
Plants found at John Day Fossil Beds
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| GRASSES |
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- Monument Unit
- S=Sheep Rock
- P=Painted Hills
- C=Clarno
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| Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn |
Crested wheatgrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Agropyron elongatum Host. |
Tall wheatgrass |
Non-native |
P |
| Agropyron caninum var. latiglume (Scribn. & Smith) Hitchc. |
Slender wheatgrass |
Native |
S |
| Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & Smith |
Bluebunch wheatgrass |
Native |
- C, P, S
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| Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Presl. |
Tall oatgrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Bromus brizaeformis Fisch. & Mey |
Rattlesnake grass |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Bromus commutatus Schrad. |
Hairy brome |
Non-native |
S |
| Bromus mollis L. |
Softchess |
Non-native |
S |
| Bromus rubens L. |
Foxtail brome |
Non-native |
P |
| Bromus tectorum L. |
Cheatgrass |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Dactylis glomerata L. |
Orchardgrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Distichlis stricta (Torr.) Rydb. |
Saltgrass |
Native |
S |
| Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. |
Barnyardgrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Elymus cinereus Scribn. & Merr. |
Giant wildrye |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Festuca idahoensis Elmer. |
Idaho fescue |
Native |
C, S |
| Festuca microstachys Nutt. |
Nuttall's fescue |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Heleochloa alopecuroides Host. |
Helechloa |
Non-native |
S |
| Hordeum leporinum Link. |
Charming barley |
Non-native |
C, P ,S |
| Koeleria cristata Pers. |
Junegrass |
Native |
S |
| Muhlenbergia asperifolia Parodi |
Rough-leaved dropseed |
Native |
S |
| Oryzopsis hymenoides (R. & S.) Richer |
Indian rice grass |
Native |
C, S |
| Panicum capillare L. |
Witchgrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Phalaris arundinacea L. |
Reed canarygrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Poa bulbosa L. |
Bulbous bluegrass |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Poa pratensis L. |
Kentucky bluegrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Poa sandbergii Vasey |
Sandberg's bluegrass |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Poa sp. |
Bluegrass |
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S |
| Polypogon monospeliensis (L.) Desf. |
Rabbitfoot grass |
Non-native |
P, S |
| Puccinellia lemmonii (Vasey) Scribn. |
Alkaligrass |
Native |
P |
| Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb. |
Yellow bristlegrass |
Non-native |
S |
| Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) Smith |
Bottlebrush squirreltail |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray |
Sand dropseed |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Stipa comata Trin. & Rupr. |
Needle and threadgrass |
Native |
C, S |
| Stipa thurberiana Piper |
Thurber's needlegrass |
Native |
C, S |
| GRASSLIKES |
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| Carex eurycarpa Holm |
Wide-fruit sedge |
Native |
S |
| Carex stipata Muhl. |
Sawbeak sedge |
Native |
S |
| Cyperus aristatus Rottb. |
Flatsedge |
Native |
S |
| Eleocharis palustris (L.) R. & S. |
Creeping spike-rush |
Native |
S |
| Juncus balticus Willd. |
Baltic rush |
Native |
S |
| Juncus bufonius L. |
Toadrush |
Native |
S |
| Scirpus validus Vahl. |
American great bulrush |
Native |
S |
| Typha latifolia L. |
Common cattail |
Native |
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| LILLIES |
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| Allium tolmiei Baker |
Tolmie's onion |
Native |
P |
| Calochortus macrocarpus Dougl. |
Mariposa lilly |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Fritillaria pudica (L.) R. & S. |
Yellow-bell |
Native |
C, P, S |
DICOTS
| TREES |
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| Alnus rhombifolia Nutt. |
White alder |
Native |
S |
| Celtis reticulata |
Net-leaf hackberry |
Native |
C, S |
| Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. |
Curl-leaf mahogany |
Native |
S |
| Crataegus columbiana Howell |
Columbia hawthorne |
Native |
S |
| Elaeagnus angustifolia L. |
Russian olive |
Non-native |
P |
| Juniperus occidentalis Hook. |
Western juniper |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Pinus ponderosa Dougl. |
Ponderosa pine |
Native |
S |
| Populus trichocarpa T. & G. |
Black cottonwood |
Native |
S |
| Prunus virginiana L. |
Chokecherry |
Native |
C, S |
| Salix species L. |
Willow |
Native |
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| Sambucus cerulea Raf. |
Blue elderberry |
Native |
S |
| Ulmus pumila L. |
Asiatic elm |
Non-native |
P, S |
| SHRUBS |
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| Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. |
Western serviceberry |
Native |
P |
| Artemisia arbuscula Nutt. |
Low sage |
Native |
S |
| Artemisia rigida (Nutt.) Gray |
Scabland sage |
Native |
P |
| Artemisia tridentata Nutt. |
Big sagebrush |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Atriplex confertifolia (Torn & Frem.) Wats. |
Shadscale |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Atriplex spinosa (Hook.) Collotzi |
Spiny hopsage |
Native |
S |
| Cornus stolonifera Michx. |
Red-osier dogwood |
Native |
S |
| Eriogonum microthecum Nutt. |
Slenderbush buckwheat |
Native |
C, S |
| Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby |
Snakeweed |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Leptodactylon pungens (Toor) Nutt. |
Prickly phlox |
Native |
S |
| Philadelphus lewisii Pursh |
Syringa |
Native |
C, S |
| Purshia tridentata (Pursh) D.C. |
Bitterbrush |
Native |
S |
| Ribes aureum Pursh |
Golden currant |
Native |
P |
| Ribes cereum Dougl. |
Wax currant |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Ribes cognatum Greene |
Umatilla gooseberry |
Native |
C, S |
| Rosa woodsii Lindl. |
Wood's rose |
Native |
S |
| Salvia dorrii (Kell.) Abrams |
Purple sage |
Native |
C, S |
| Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. |
Greasewood |
Native |
P, S |
| Tetradymia canescens D. C. |
Gray horse-brush |
Native |
C, P, S |
| PERENNIAL / BIENNIAL FORBS |
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| Achillea millefolium L. |
Western yarrow |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Antennaria dimorpha (Nutt.) T. & G. |
Low pussytoes |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. |
Indian hemp |
Native |
S |
| Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. |
Burdock |
Non-native |
S |
| Artemisia ludoviciciana Nutt. |
Herbaceous sage |
Native |
S |
| Asclepias speciosa Torr. |
Showy milkweed |
Native |
S |
| Astragalus filipes Torr. |
Threadstalk milkvetch |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Astragalus misellus Wats |
Pauper milkvetch |
Native |
P |
| Astragalus purshii Dougl. |
Woolypod milkvetch |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Bidens cernua L. |
Beggars-ticks |
Native |
S |
| Cardaria draba |
Hoary cress (white top) |
Non-native |
P, S |
| Castilleja applegatei var. fragilis N. Holmgr. |
Wavy-leaved paintbrush |
Native |
S |
| Castilleja xanthotricha Pennell |
Yellow-hairy Indian paintbrush |
Native |
C, P |
| Centaurea diffusa |
Diffuse knapweed |
Non-native |
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| Centaurea maculosa |
Spotted knapweed |
Non-native |
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| Centaurea repens |
Russian knapweed |
Non-native |
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| Centaurea repens L. |
Russian star-thistle |
Non-native |
P |
| Chaenactis douglasii H. & A. |
Hoary chaenactis |
Native |
S |
| Chaenactis nevii Gray |
John Day chaenactis |
Native |
P |
| Chrysopsis oregona (Nutt.) Gray |
Oregon goldaster |
Native |
C |
| Cichorium intybus L. |
Chicory |
Non-native |
P, S |
| Cirsium arvense |
Canada thistle |
Non-native |
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| Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. |
Wavy-leaved thistle |
Native |
C |
| Cirsium vulgare (Sav.) Tenore |
Bull thistle |
Non-native |
C, S |
| Clematis ligusticifolius Nutt. |
Western clematis |
Native |
C, S |
| Convolvulus arvensis L. |
Field bindweed |
Non-native |
S |
| Crepis atrabarba Heller. |
Slender hawksbeard |
Native |
S |
| Crepis intermedia Gray |
Gray hawksbeard |
Native |
C |
| Crepis occidentalis Nutt. |
Western hawksbeard |
Native |
P |
| Cryptantha celosoides (Eastw.) Pays |
Cockscomb cryptantha |
Native |
P, S |
| Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. |
Teasel |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Epilobium watsonii Barbey |
Watson's willow-herb |
Native |
S |
| Erigeron filifolius Nutt. |
Thread-leaf fleabane |
Native |
C, S |
| Erigeron linearis (Hook) Piper |
Line-leaf fleabane |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. |
Philadelphia fleabane |
Non-native |
S |
| Erigeron pumilus Nutt. |
Shaggy fleabane |
Native |
S |
| Eriogonum compositum Dougl. |
Northern buckwheat |
Native |
C |
| Eriogonum sphaerocephalum Dougl. |
Rock buckwheat |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Eriogonum strictum Benth |
Strict buckwheat |
Native |
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| Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) Forbes. |
Wooly sunflower |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) D.C. |
Prairie rocket |
Native |
S, P |
| Galium multiflorum Kell. |
Shrubby bedstraw |
Native |
S |
| Grindelia nana Nutt. |
Low gumweed |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Helianthus nuttallii T. & G. |
Nuttal's sunflower |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Heracleum lanatum |
Cow parsnip |
Native |
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| Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. |
Roundleaf alumroot |
Native |
C, S |
| Lactuca serriola L. |
Prickly lettuce |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Lesquerella occidentalis Wats. |
Western bladderpod |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh |
Bitterroot |
Native |
P, S |
| Linaria genistifolia |
Dalmatian toadflax |
Non-native |
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| Lithophragma bulbifera Rydb. |
Prairie star |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. |
Stone seed |
Native |
S |
| Lomatium grayi Coult. & Rose |
Desert parsley |
Native |
S |
| Lomatium hendersonii Coult. & Rose |
Henderson's lomatium |
Native |
P |
| Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose |
Large-fruit lomatium |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose |
Nine-leaf lomatium |
Native |
C |
| Machaeranthera canescens (Pursh) |
Gray hoary aster |
Native |
C |
| Malva neglecta Wallr. |
Cheeseweed |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Marrubium vulgare L. |
Horehound |
Non-native |
C, S |
| Medicago sativa L. |
Alfalfa |
Non-native |
S |
| Mentha spicata L. |
Spearmint |
Non-native |
P, S |
| Mentzelia laevicaulis (Dougl.) T. & G. |
Blazing star |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Microseris troximoides Gray |
False agoseris |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Mimulus guttatus D.C. |
Common yellow monkey-flower |
Native |
S |
| Nicotiana attenuata Torr. |
Coyote tobacco |
Native |
C |
| Oenothera caespitosa Nutt. |
Desert evening primrose |
Native |
C |
| Oenothera tanacetifolia T. & G. |
Tansy-leaf evening primose |
Native |
S |
| Onopordum acanthium |
Scotch thistle |
Non-native |
|
| Orobanche fasciculata Nutt. |
Clustered broomrape |
Native |
S |
| Penstemon deustus Dougl. |
Hot-rock penstemon |
Native |
C |
| Penstemon erianthus var. argillosus M.E. Jones |
Crested tongue penstemon |
Native |
C, S |
| Penstemon richardsonii Dougl. |
Richardson's penstemon |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Petalostemon ornatum Dougl. |
Praire-clover |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Phacelia hastata Dougl. |
Silverleaf phacelia |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Phacelia ramosissima Dougl. |
Branched phacelia |
Native |
C |
| Phlox muscoides Nutt. |
Moss phlox |
Native |
S |
| Phlox viscida E. Nels |
Sticky phlox |
Native |
C |
| Plantago lanceolata L. |
Buckhorn plantain |
Non-native |
S |
| Potentilla glandulosa var. campanulata Hitch. |
Gland cinquefoil |
Native |
P, S |
| Ranunculus aquatilis L. |
Water buttercup |
Native |
S |
| Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook |
Sagebrush buttercup |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Ranunculus sceleratus L. |
Celery-leaved buttercup |
Native |
P |
| Rhus radicans L. |
Poison-ivy |
Native |
S |
| Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Schinz & Thell. |
Watercress |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Rumex crispus L. |
Curly dock |
Non-native |
S |
| Salvia aethiopis |
Mediterranean sage |
Non-native |
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| Saponaria officinalis L. |
Bouncing bett |
Non-native |
S |
| Scutellaria angustifolia Pursh |
Skullcap |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Sedum lanceolatum Torr. |
Lanceleaved sedum |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Senecio canus Hook. |
Wooly groundsel |
Native |
S |
| Senecio serra Hook. |
Butterweed groundsel |
Native |
S |
| Solanum dulcamara L. |
Nightshade |
Non-native |
S |
| Solidago canadensis L. |
Canada goldenrod |
Native |
S |
| Sphaeralcea munroana (Dougl.) Spach |
Globe-mallow |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Stephanomeria tenuifolia (Torr.) Hall |
Wire lettuce |
Native |
C, S |
| Thelypodium laciniatum (Hook) Endl. |
Thickleaved thelypody |
Native |
C, S |
| Tragopogon dubius Scop. |
Yellow salisfy |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Trifolium pratense L. |
Red clover |
Non-native |
S |
| Trifolium repens L. |
White clover |
Non-native |
S |
| Urtica dioica L. |
Stinging nettle |
Non-native |
P, S |
| Verbascum thapsus L. |
Flannel mullein |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Xanthium strumarium L. |
Cocklebur |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| ANNUAL FORBES |
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| Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene |
Annual agoseris |
Native |
P |
| Alyssum alyssoides L. |
Pale alyssum |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Amaranthus graecizans L. |
Pigweed |
Non-native |
C, S |
| Amsinckia tessellata Gray |
Fiddleneck |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Anthemis cotula L. |
Dogfennel |
Non-native |
S |
| Anthriscus scandicina (Weber) Mansfeld |
Chervil |
Non-native |
S |
| Asperugo procumbens L. |
Madwort |
Non-native |
S |
| Astragalus diaphanus Dougl. |
John Day milkvetch |
Native |
S |
| Bassia hyssopifolia (Pall.) Kuntze |
Bassia |
Non-native |
S |
| Blepharipappus scaber Hook |
Blepharipappus |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Camelina microcarpa Andrz |
Littlepod falseflax |
Non-native |
P |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. |
Shepard's-purse |
Non-native |
S |
| Centaurea solstitials |
Yellow star thistle |
Non-native |
|
| Cerastium viscosum L. |
Sticky chickweed |
Non-native |
|
| Chenopodium album L. |
Lambsquarters |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Chenopodium botrys L. |
Jerusalem-oak |
Non-native |
S |
| Chorispora tenella (Pall.) D.C. |
Blue mustard |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Clarkia pulchella Pursh |
Elkhorn clarkia |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Collomia grandiflora Dougl. |
Large flowered collomia |
Native |
P, S |
| Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. |
Horseweed |
Non-native |
S |
| Cleome platycarpa Torr. |
Golden cleome |
Native |
C, P |
| Crocidium multicaule Hook |
Spring gold |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Cryptantha pterocarya (Torr.) Greene |
Winged cryptantha |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Br. H. |
Tansymustard |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Descurainia richardsonii (Sweet) Schulz |
Mt. tansymustard |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Draba verna L. |
Whitlow-grass |
Native |
C., P, S |
| Epilobium minutum Lindl. |
Small-flowered willow-herb |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Eriogonum vimineum Dougl. |
Broom buckwheat |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Erodium cicutarium L. L'her |
Filaree |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers. |
Thyme-leaf purge |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Galium aparine L. |
Bedstraw |
Native |
S |
| Helianthus annuus L. |
Sunflower |
Native |
C, P |
| Holosteum umbellatum L. |
Jagged chickweed |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Kochia scoparia |
Kochia |
Non-native |
|
| Lagophylla ramosissima Nutt. |
Slender rabbitleaf |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Layia glandulosa (Hook.) H. & A. |
Layia |
Native |
S |
| Lepidium perfoliatum (Donn.) Howell |
|
Non-native |
|
| Madia gracilis (Smith) Keck |
Common tarweed |
Native |
P, S |
| Medicago lupulina L. |
Hop clover |
Non-native |
S |
| Melilotus alba Desr. |
Sweet clover |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Mentzelia albicaulis Dougl. |
Small-flowered blazing star |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Mimulus cusickii (Greene) Piper |
Cusick's monkeyflower |
Native |
C, P |
| Mimulus floribundus Lindl. |
Purple-stem monkeyflower |
Native |
S |
| Mimulus nanus H. & A. |
Dwarf purple monkeyflower |
Native |
S |
| Montia perfoliata (Donn) Howell |
Miner's lettuce |
Native |
S |
| Phacelia linearis (Pursh) Holz. |
Thread-leaf phacelia |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Phacelia lutea J. T. Howell |
Yellow phacelia |
Native |
P |
| Plectritis macrocera T. & G. |
White plectritis |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Polygonum hydropiper L. |
Smartweed |
Native |
S |
| Polemonium micranthum Benth. |
Annual polemonium |
Native |
C, P, S |
| Portulaca oleracea L. |
Purslane |
Non-native |
S |
| Ranunculus testiculatus Crantz |
Horned buttercup |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Salsola kali L. |
Russian thistle |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Sisymbrium altissimum L. |
Jim-Hill tumblemustard |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Tribulus terrestris L. |
Puncture-vine |
Non-native |
C, P, S |
| Valerianella locusta (L.) Betcke |
European corn-salad |
Non-native |
S |
| Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. |
Water speedwell |
Native |
S |
| Veronica peregrina L. |
Purslane speedwell |
Native |
S |
| Vicia Villosa |
Hairy vetch |
Non-native |
|
| CACTI |
|
|
|
| Opuntia polycantha Haw |
Prickly-pear cactus |
Native |
P |
| Pediocactus simpsonii (Engelm.) Britt & Brown |
Barrel cactus |
Native |
P, S |
CRYPTOGRAMS
| MOSS |
|
|
|
| Tortula ruralis Hedw. |
Desert moss |
Native |
C, P, S |
| FERN |
|
|
|
| Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. |
Brittle bladder fern |
Native |
C, P, S |
| HORSETAIL |
|
|
|
| Equisetum hyemale L. |
Common horsetail |
Native |
S |
| Equisetum pratense Ehrb. |
Shady horsetail |
Native |
S |
| Equisetum variegatum Schleich |
Variegated horsetail |
Native |
S, P |
The columns in each table represent the Scientific Name, Common Name, identifies if the plant is Native or Non-native to the park, and the monument unit(s) the plant is found in. Plant names used follow Steward et al., 1963; Hitchock and Cronquist, 1973; and Garrison et al., 1976.
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