Rather than a simple replacement of dead and dying trees with young saplings that would create an uneven age stand, a comprehensive systems approach was chosen to address multiple Historic images such as this view taken from the top of City Hall Tower during the Parkway's construction in 1919 assisted in understanding the parkway's design intent and historic use and management. (The Fairmount Parkway, 1904-1919) factors. As the historic preservation treatment approach was considered, several objectives needed to be addressed and incorporated into the project, including: character of the original design and as-built condition visual quality and aesthetic experience ecological health durability and maintainability adaptability or programming public knowledge and appreciation public safety A diverse number of issue was thus addressed. Each one was fully considered and tested against the above stated objectives. For example, the design intent and the character of the original design (as executed) were understood--and their reinstatement was a primary goal with the understanding that the diseased historic trees needed to be replaced to achieve a long-term visual solution. Issues of tree longevity, available sunlight, parkway microclimate, soil composition, vehicular, bicycle and pedestrian circulation and safety, normal and peak uses, utility systems, interpretation, and ongoing maintenance operations and budget were all incorporated into the analysis process. This assessment led to a rehabilitation treatment selection that addressed and resolved each issue.