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Field Division of Education The History of Scotts Bluff Nebraska |
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APPENDIX: CHRONOLOGIC OUTLINE
| 1720 | Villasur (Spaniard) attained Platte forks, via South Platte. |
| 1739 | Mallet brothers went up South Platte to Santa Fe. Named the Platte river. |
| 1804 | Louisiana officially occupied by U.S.; Lewis and Clark began Rocky Mountain explorations. |
| 1812-13 | Returning Astorians, down North Platte -- opened Oregon Trail. |
| 1820 | Long up South Platte. |
| 1823-24 | South Pass discovered. Ashley's men extend operations into Upper Platte country. |
| 1824 | Smith discovers Great Salt Lake. Fitzpatrick first attempts navigation of upper Platte. Furs taken overland down Platte route to St. Louis. |
| 1825 | First rendezvous in the mountains. |
| 1827 | Four-pound wheeled cannon -- first wheeled vehicle to ascend Platte route and cross the Rocky Mountains. |
| 1830 | W. Sublette and large party take first wagons over the Oregon Trail, into the Rocky Mountains. |
| 1832 | Invasion of the mountains by independent fur traders -- Bonneville, Wyeth, et al. |
| 1834 | First missionaries and scientists over the Trail into the Oregon country. Founding of several famous forts: Laramie, Hall, etc. |
| 1835 | First march of Army to the mountains, under Col. Dodge, up South Platte. Presbyterian missionaries enter Oregon (Whitman and Parker). |
| 1836 | More missionaries to Oregon -- first women over the Oregon Trail. |
| 1840 | Last rendezvous. Jesuit Father De Smet entered the mountains. |
| 1841 | First Oregon-California emigrant train. |
| 1842 | Lt. Fremont's first expedition. |
| 1843 | The Great Emigration to Oregon. First wagons to reach the Pacific -- 120 wagons, 694 oxen, 200 families, 775 loose cattle. |
| 1844 | Five Oregon-California parties. |
| 1845 | Kearny's dragoons up North Platte. First regular military campaign into the Great West. |
| 1846 | 49° parallel boundary decides Oregon question with Britian. Bear Flag republic in California. War with Mexico. Donner disaster in California. |
| 1847 | Mormon "pioneers" reopen old Indian and fur trader route up north bank of the Platte. Salt Lake City founded. Post Route Bill passed. |
| 1848 | Gold discovered, January 24, in California. Treaty gives the southwest to the United States. Oregon territory created. Ft. Kearny founded. |
| 1849 | Overland rush to California. Government buys Ft. Laramie. Cholera on the plains. 25,000 use the Overland Trail. Roubidou's post founded at Scotts Bluff. |
| 1850 | California a state. First contract mail service over the Overland Trail to Salt Lake City. |
| 1851 | Great Indian Council of Ft. Laramie at mouth of Horse Creek. |
| 1853 | Overland Mail through to California. First of the five railroad surveys. |
| 1854 | Kansas-Nebraska Act opened the Indian country west of the Missouri, and abrogated Missouri Compromise. Gratten Massacre. |
| 1855 | Brule Dakota slaughtered near Ash Hollow by General Harney. |
| 1856 | Handcart Mormon migration began; one disasterous company. |
| 1857 | Mountain Meadows Massacre of Fancher's company by Mormons. "Mormon War." Overland hauling of freight commenced. |
| 1858 | Gold discovered in Pike's Peak area. Washoe silver strike in Nevada. |
| 1859 | Oregon a state. Movement to Colorado gold mines. Stages run to Salt Lake City, on contract. Comstock (Virginia City) silver strike in Nevada. The year of the "Fifty-niners." |
| 1860 | Central Overland California and Pikes Peak Express Company. Pony Express inaugurated. Gold strike in Idaho. |
| 1861 | Telegraph completed October 26. End of the Pony Express. Kansas a state. |
| 1862 | Gold found at Virginia City, Montana. Beginning of Civil War. Indian disorders. Overland Stage abandoned North Platte for South Platte "Overland Trail" roue. |
| 1863 | Great Indian War Council on Horse Creek. |
| 1866 | Union Pacific tracks opposite Ft. Kearny. "Bloody year on the plains". Fetterman Massacre. |
| 1867 | Union Pacific to Julesburg in spring; to Cheyenne in fall. Nebraska a state. Texas cattle drives to Abilene began. |
| 1868 | Ft. Laramie treaty. Victory for Red Cloud and his Teton Dakotas. |
| 1869 | Union Pacific-Central Pacific meet, May 10. |
| 1871 | Heavy cattle stocking of Horse Creek range. |
| 1871-3 | Red Cloud Agency at North Platte river, near Scotts Bluff. |
| 1876 | Final Indian treaty placing Dakotas on reservation and opening the Black Hills. Annihilation of Custer's troops. |
| 1884 | Peak of the range cattle business. |
| 1886-87 | Invasion of western Nebraska by Grangers. |
| 1887 | Deflation of an overcrowded range. |
| 1888 | Gering platted. |
| 1899 | Scotts Bluff platted. |
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Last Modified: Sat, Oct 20 2001 10:00:00 am PDT |
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