Birds

Red-tailed hawk

photo by Chuck Summers

Birds Known to Occur

in Cumberland Gap National Historical Park

Taxonomic organization and nomenclature as used by Cornell Lab of Ornithology on http://www.birds.cornell.edu/

Order: CICONIIFORMES

Family: Ardeidae

Ardea herodias (Great Blue Heron) [R, R, R, V]

Butorides virescens(Green Heron) [V, V, V, NP]

Family: Cathartidae

Coragyps atratus (Black Vulture) [U, U, U, U]

Cathartes aura (Turkey Vulture) [C, C, C, C]

Order: ANSERIFORMES

Family: ANATIDAE - Subfamily Anserinae

Anser albifrons (Greater White-fronted Goose) [NP, NP, O, NP]

Chen caerulescens (Snow Goose) [NP, NP, V, V]

Branta canadensis (Canada Goose) [U, R, U, R]

Family: ANATIDAE - Subfamily Anatinae

Aix sponsa (Wood Duck) [R, R, R, NP]

Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [U, U, U, V]

Order: FALCONIFORMES

Family: Accipitridae - Subfamily Pandioninae

Pandion haliaetus (Osprey) [R, NP, U, NP]

Family: Accipitridae - Subfamily Accipitrinae

Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle) [V, V, R, V]

Circus cyaneus (Northern Harrier) [R, NP, U, V]

Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk) [C, U, C, U]

Accipiter cooperii (Cooper’s Hawk) [C, U, C, U]

Buteo lineatus (Red-shouldered Hawk) [C, C, C, U]

Buteo platypterus (Broad-winged Hawk) [C, C, C, NP]

Buteo jamaicensis (Red-tailed Hawk) [C, U, C, C]

Buteo lagopus (Rough-legged Hawk) [NP, NP, O, NP]

Aquila chrysaetos (Golden Eagle) [NP, NP, O, O]

Family: Falconidae

Falco sparverius (American Kestrel) [U, V, C, U]

Falco columbarius (Merlin) [V, NP, U, NP]

Falco peregrinus (Peregrine Falcon) [V, NP, U, NP]

Order: GALLIFORMES

Family: Phasianidae - Subfamily Tetraoninae

Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [U, U, U, U]

Family: Phasianidae - Subfamily Meleagridinae

Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [U, U, U, U]

Family: Odontophoridae

Colinus virginianus (Northern Bobwhite) [V, V, V, V]

Order: GRUIFORMES

Family: Gruidae - Subfamily Gruinae

Grus canadensis (Sandhill Crane) [O, NP, V, NP]

Order: CHARADRIIFORMES

Family: Charadriidae - Subfamily Charadriinae

Charadrius vociferous (Killdeer) [V, V, V, NP]

Family: Charadriidae - Subfamily Scolopacidae

Scolopax minor (American Woodcock) [R, V, NP, NP]

Family: Laridae - Subfamily Larinae

Larus delawarensis (Ring-billed Gull) [NP, NP, V, NP]

Order: COLUMBIFORMES

Family: Columbidae

Columba livia (Rock Pigeon) [R, R, R, R]

Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove) [C, C, C, C]

Order: CUCULIFORMES

Family: Cuculidae - Subfamily Coccyzinae

Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Black-billed Cuckoo) [R, R, R, NP]

Coccyzus americanus (Yellow-billed Cuckoo) [C, C, C, NP]

Order: STRIGIFORMES

Family: Strigidae

Megascops asio (Eastern Screech-Owl) [U, U, U, U]

Bubo virginianus (Great Horned Owl) [C, C, C, C]

Strix varia (Barred Owl) [U, U, U, U]

Aegolius acadicus (Northern Saw-whet Owl) [O, NP, O, O]

Order: CAPRIMULGIFORMES

Family: Caprimulgidae - Subfamily Chordeilinae

Chordeiles minor (Common Nighthawk) [R, V, R, NP]

Family: Caprimulgidae - Subfamily Caprimulginae

Caprimulgus carolinensis (Chuck-wills-widow) [R, R, NP, NP]

Caprimulgus vociferous (Whip-poor-will) [C, C, NP, NP]

Order: APODIFORMES

Family: Apodidae

Chaetura pelagica (Chimney Swift) [C, C, C, NP]

Family: Trochilidae - Subfamily Trochilinae

Archilochus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird) [C, C, C, NP]

Order: CORACIIFORMES

Family: Alcedinidae

Megaceryle alcyon (Belted Kingfisher) [R, R, R, R]

Order: PICIFORMES

Family: Picidae

Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Red-headed Woodpecker)

[U, V, U, V]

Melanerpes carolinus(Red-bellied Woodpecker) [C, C, C, C]

Sphyrapicus varius(Yellow-bellied Sapsucker) [U, NP, U, U]

Picoides pubescens(Downy Woodpecker) [C, C, C, C]

Picoides villosus(Hairy Woodpecker) [C, C, C, C]

Colaptes auratus(Northern Flicker) [C, C, C, R]

Dryocopus pileatus(Pileated Woodpecker) [C, C, C, C]

Order: PASSERIFORMES

Family: Tyrannidae - Subfamily Fluvicolinae

Contopus cooperi (Olive-sided Flycatcher) [R, NP, R, NP]

Contopus virens (Eastern Wood-Pewee) [C, C, C, NP]

Empidonax flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Flycatcher) [V, NP, V, NP]

Empidonax virescens (Acadian Flycatcher) [C, C, C, NP]

Empidonax minimus (Least Flycatcher) [U, O, U, NP]

Sayornis phoebe (Eastern Phoebe) [C, C, C, R]

Family: Tyrannidae - Subfamily Tyranninae

Myiarchus crinitus (Great Crested Flycatcher) [U, U, U, NP]

Tyrannus tyrannus (Eastern Kingbird) [R, R, R, NP]

Family: Vireonidae

Vireo griseus (White-eyed Vireo) [R, R, R, NP]

Vireo flavifrons (Yellow-throated Vireo) [C, U, C, NP]

Vireo solitarius (Blue-headed Vireo) [C, C, C, NP]

Vireo gilvus (Warbling Vireo) [U, R, U NP]

Vireo philadelphicus (Philadelphia Warbler) [U, NP, U, NP]

Vireo olivaceus (Red-eyed Vireo) [C, C, C, NP]

Family: Corvidae

Cyanocitta cristata (Blue Jay) [C, C, C, C]

Corvus brachyrhynchos (American Crow) [C, C, C, C]

Corvus corax (Common Raven) [U, R, U, U]

Family: Alaudidae

Eremophila alpestris (Horned Lark) [V, NP, R, V]

Family: Hirundinidae

Progne subis (Purple Martin) [R, R, R, NP]

Tachycineta bicolor (Tree Swallow) [R, NP, U, NP]

Stelgidopteryx serripennis (Northern Rough-winged Swallow)

[U, U, U, NP]

Hirundo rustica (Barn Swallow) [U, U, U, NP]

Family: Paridae

Poecile carolinensis (Carolina Chickadee) [C, C, C, C]

Baeolophus bicolor (Tufted Titmouse) [C, C, C, C]

Family: Sittidae

Sitta canadensis (Red-breasted Nuthatch) [U, NP, U, U]

Sitta carolinensis (White-breasted Nuthatch) [C, C, C, C]

Family: Certhiidae

Certhia Americana (Brown Creeper) [U, NP, U, U]

Family: Troglodytidae

Thryothorus ludovicianus(Carolina wren) [C, C, C, C]

Troglodytes aedon (House Wren) [R, V, R, NP]

Troglodytes troglodytes (Winter Wren) [U, NP, U, U]

Family: Regulidae

Regulus satrapa (Golden-crowned Kinglet) [C, NP, C, C]

Regulus calendula (Ruby-crowned Kinglet) [C, NP, C, U]

Family: Sylviidae

Polioptila caerulea (Blue-gray Gnatcatcher) [C, C, C, NP]

Family: Turdidae

Sialia sialis (Eastern Bluebird) [R, R, R, R]

Catharus fuscescens (Veery) [U, U, U, NP]

Catharus minimus (Gray-cheeked Thrush) [U, NP, U, NP]

Catharus ustulatus (Swainson’s Thrush) [C, NP, C, NP]

Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [U, NP, U, U]

Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) [C, C, U, NP]

Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [C, C, C, U]

Family: Mimidae

Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) [R, R, V, NP]

Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) [V, V, V, V]

Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher) [R, R, V, O]

Family: Sturnidae

Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling) [U, U, U, U]

Family: Motacillidae

Anthus rubescens (American Pipit) [V, NP, V, V]

Family: Bombycillidae

Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [C, C, C, C]

Family: Parulidae

Vermivora pinus (Blue-winged Warbler) [U, O, U, NP]

Vermivora chrysoptera (Golden-winged Warbler) [U, O, U, NP]

Vermivora peregrine (Tennessee Warbler) [C, NP, C, NP]

Vermivora celata (Orange-crowned Warbler) [V, NP, V, NP]

Vermivora ruficapilla (Nashville Warbler) [C, NP, C, NP]

Parula Americana (Northern Parula) [C, C, C, NP]

Dendroica petechia (Yellow Warbler) [U, V, U, NP]

Dendroica pensylvanica (Chestnut-sided Warbler) [C, R, C, NP]

Dendroica magnolia (Magnolia Warbler) [U, NP, C, NP]

Dendroica tigrina (Cape May Warbler) [U, NP, C, NP]

Dendroica caerulescens (Black-throated Blue Warbler)

[C, C, C, NP]

Dendroica coronata (Yellow-rumped Warbler) [C, NP, C, C]

Dendroica virens (Black-throated Green Warbler) [C, C, C, NP]

Dendroica fusca (Blackburnian Warbler) [C, R, C, NP]

Dendroica dominica (Yellow-throated Warbler) [U, U, U, NP]

Dendroica pinus (Pine Warbler) [U, U, U, V]

Dendroica discolor (Prairie Warbler) [R, V, R, NP]

Dendroica palmarum (Palm Warbler) [C, NP, C, NP]

Dendroica castanea (Bay-breasted Warbler) [U, NP, C, NP]

Dendroica striata (Blackpoll Warbler) [C, NP, R, NP]

Dendroica cerulean (Cerulean Warbler) [U, U, V, NP]

Mniotilta varia (Black-and-white Warbler) [C, C, C, NP]

Setophaga ruticilla (American Redstart) [C, R, C, NP]

Helmitheros vermivorum (Worm-eating Warbler) [C, C, C, NP]

Limnothlypis swainsonii (Swainson’s Warbler) [R, R, NP, NP]

Seiurus aurocapilla (Ovenbird) [C, C, C, NP]

Seiurus noveboracensis (Northern Waterthrush) [R, NP, R, NP]

Seiurus motacilla (Louisiana Waterthrush) [C, C, O, NP]

Oporornis formosus (Kentucky Warbler) [C, C, U, NP]

Oporornis agilis (Connecticut Warbler) [V, NP, V, NP]

Oporornis philadelphia (Mourning Warbler) [V, NP, V, NP]

Geothlypis trichas (Common Yellowthroat) [C, C, C, NP]

Wilsonia citrine (Hooded Warbler) [C, C, U, NP]

Wilsonia pusilla (Wilson’s Warbler) [R, NP, R, NP]

Wilsonia canadensis (Canada Warbler) [U, R, U, NP]

Icteria virens (Yellow-breasted Chat) [R, R, R, NP]

Family: Thraupidae

Piranga rubra(Summer Tananger) [U, R, U, NP]

Piranga olivacea (Scarlet Tananger) [C, C, C, NP]

Family: Emberizidae

Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) [U, U, U, U]

Spizella passerine (Chipping Sparrow) [R, R, R, O]

Spizella pusilla (Field Sparrow) [R, R, R, V]

Ammodramus savannarum (Grasshopper Sparrow) [O, O, O, NP]

Passerella iliaca (Fox Sparrow) [R, NP, R, R]

Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) [U, R, U, U]

Melospiza georgiana (Swamp Sparrow) [V, NP, V, R]

Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow) [C, NP, C, C]

Zonotrichia leucophrys (White-crowned Sparrow) [R, NP, R, R]

Junco hyemalis (Dark-eyed Junco) [C, R, C, C]

Family: Cardinalidae

Cardinalis cardinalis (Northern Cardinal) [C, C, C, C]

Pheucticus ludovicianus (Rose-breasted Grosbeak) [C, R, C, NP]

Passerina caerulea (Blue Grosbeak) [V, V, V, NP]

Passerina cyanea (Indigo Bunting) [C, C, R, NP]

Family: Icteridae

Agelaius phoeniceus (Red-winged Blackbird) [R, R, R, O]

Sturnella magna (Eastern Meadowlark) [U, U, U, R]

Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) [R, R, R, O]

Molothrus ater (Brown-headed Cowbird) [R, R, O, O]

Icterus spurious (Orchard Oriole) [R, V, NP, NP]

Icterus galbula (Baltimore Oriole) [U, V, R, NP]

Family: Fringillidae

Carpodacus purpureus (Purple Finch) [U, NP, U, U]

Carpodacus mexicanus (House Finch) [U, U, U, U]

Carduelis pinus (Pine Siskin) [U, NP, U, U]

Carduelis tristis (American Goldfinch) [C, C, C, C]

Family: Passeridae

Passer domesticus (House Sparrow) [R, R, R, R]

Designations in brackets are for Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter and are as follows:

C = Common – easily found

U = uncommon – usually present but may not be seen

R = rare – only a few individuals, if any, may be present

V = very rare – not usually present

O = occasional – unusual visitor not located most years

NP = not present